Phrynidius, Lacordaire, 1869

Noguera, Felipe A. & Santos-Silva, Antonio, 2023, New species and records in Phrynidius Lacordaire (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae), Zootaxa 5323 (4), pp. 451-476 : 474-475

Key to species of Phrynidius

1. Elytra with distinct, short, erect spatulate setae (e.g. Fig. 12 )................................................. 2

- Elytra without erect spatulate setae (e.g. Fig. 48 ), or with erect setae almost absent (e.g. Fig. 24 ).................... 6

2(1). Antennal tubercles contiguous basally (e.g. Fig. 14 )........................................................ 3

- Antennal tubercles not contiguous basally (e.g. Fig. 22 )..................................................... 5

3(2). Erect setae on elytra present only apically. Guatemala................................... P. guatemalensis sp. nov.

- Erect setae on elytra abundant throughout................................................................ 4

4(3). Antennomere III 0.6 times longer than IV; sides of prothorax distinctly rounded ( Fig. 10 ). Honduras.. P. poriferus sp. nov.

- Antennomere III twice length of IV; sides of prothorax slightly rounded ( Fig. 14 ). Guatemala........ P. skillmani sp. nov.

5(2). Antennomere IV about as long as V and VI together ( Fig. 18 ). Honduras......................... P. obrieni sp. nov.

- Antennomere IV distinctly longer than V and VI together ( Figs 22, 27 ). Mexico (Veracruz)........... P. wibmeri sp. nov.

6(1). Antennomere III at most as long as scape................................................................ 7

- Antennomere III longer than scape.................................................................... 14

7(6). Pronotum with distinct elevated anterocentral gibbosity (e.g. Fig. 33 ).......................................... 8

- Pronotum without anterocentral gibbosity or anterocentral gibbosity almost indistinct (e.g. Fig. 55 ).................. 9

8(7). Body stout ( Figs 29, 34 ); anterocentral gibbosity on the pronotum uniformly convex dorsally, not sinuous laterally ( Fig. 33 ). Mexico (Oaxaca, Hidalgo)......................................................... P. pallifemoralis sp. nov.

- Body slender ( Figs 36, 40 ); anterocentral gibbosity on the pronotum irregular dorsally, sinuous laterally ( Fig. 38 ). Mexico (Oaxaca)....................................................................... P. oaxacanensis sp. nov.

9(7). Scape longer than pedicel and antennomere III together.................................................... 10

- Scape shorter or as long as pedicel and antennomere III together............................................. 11

10(9). Elytra elongate, pubescent. Mexico (Hidalgo; Veracruz, see also Volcán de Orizaba (Veracruz and/or Puebla — Selander & Vaurie 1962).................................................................... P. inaequalis ( Say, 1835)

- Elytra ovoid, subglabrous. Mexico (Chiapas)....................... P. diminutus Gutiérrez, Toledo & Noguera, 2020

11(9). Antennomere IV as long as V–VI together. Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua..................... P. asper Bates, 1885

- Antennomere IV shorter than V–VI together............................................................. 12

12(11). Scutellum more than twice as wide as long. Mexico, Guatemala........................... P. armatus Linsley, 1933

- Scutellum very small, almost as wide as long............................................................ 13

13(12). Antennal tubercles very close to each other basally, with the area between them V-shaped; prothorax longer than wide. El Salvador......................................................... P. salvadorensis salvadorensis Franz, 1954

- Antennal tubercles not very close to each other basally, with the area between them U-shaped; prothorax as wide as long. El Salvador, Honduras.............................................. P. salvadorensis montecristensis Franz, 1954

14(6). Elytra with large tubercle laterally after middle, with its base wider than apical width of metafemora. Mexico (Chiapas)............................................................ P. tuberculatus Gutiérrez, Toledo & Noguera, 2020

- None of the elytral tubercles as wide at the base as the apex of the metafemora................................. 15

15(14). Apex of elytral tubercles glabrous..................................................................... 16

- Apex of elytral tubercles pubescent.................................................................... 17

16(15). Central tubercle of pronotum distinctly conical. Mexico (Chiapas)......... P. jonesi Gutiérrez, Toledo & Noguera, 2020

- Central tubercle of pronotum uniformly convex. Guatemala, Honduras. P. guifarroi Santos-Silva, Van Roie & Jocqué, 2021

17(15). Antennal tubercles contiguous basally, with the area between them V-shaped................................... 18

- Antennal tubercles not contiguous basally, with the area between them U-shaped................................ 19

18(17). Antennomere III as long as scape. Mexico (Chiapas).................. P. cristinae Gutiérrez, Toledo & Noguera, 2020

- Antennomere III longer than scape. Guatemala...................................... P. echinoides Breuning, 1940

19(17). Pronotum without strongly elevated central tubercle. Guatemala, Honduras, Costa Rica, Panama... P. echinus Bates, 1880

- Pronotum with strongly elevated central tubercle with convex apex........................................... 20

20(19). Width of lower eye lobes equal to basal width of scape. Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras......... P. singularis Bates, 1880

- Width of lower eye lobes greater than basal width of scape. Mexico (Nayarit), Honduras............................................................................... P. nayaritensis Heffern, Nascimento & Santos-Silva, 2018

Figures

FIGURES 10–13. Phrynidius poriferus sp. nov., holotype female: 10) Dorsal habitus; 11) Ventral habitus; 12) Lateral habitus; 13) Head, frontal view.

FIGURES 46–51. Phrynidius echinus Bates, 1880. 46–49) Male: 46) Dorsal habitus; 47) Ventral habitus; 48) Lateral habitus; 49) Head, frontal view. 50–51) Female: 50) Dorsal habitus; 51) Ventral habitus.

FIGURES 22–28. Phrynidius wibmeri sp. nov. 22–25) Holotype male: 22) Dorsal habitus; 23) Ventral habitus; 24) Lateral habitus; 25) Head, frontal view. 26) Paratype male, dorsal habitus. 27–28) Paratype female: 27) Dorsal habitus; 28) Ventral habitus.

FIGURES 14–17. Phrynidius skillmani sp. nov., holotype female: 14) Dorsal habitus; 15) Ventral habitus; 16) Lateral habitus; 17) Head, frontal view.

FIGURES 18–21. Phrynidius obrieni sp. nov., holotype female: 18) Dorsal habitus; 19) Ventral habitus; 20) Lateral habitus; 21) Head, frontal view.

FIGURES 29–35. Phrynidius pallifemoralis sp. nov. 29–33) Holotype male: 29) Dorsal habitus; 30) Ventral habitus; 31) Lateral habitus; 32) Head, frontal view; 33) Prothorax, oblique view. 34–35) Female paratype: 34) Dorsal habitus; 35) Ventral habitus.

FIGURES 52–56. 52–54) Phrynidius echinus Bates, 1880, holotype: 52) Dorsal habitus; 53) Lateral habitus; 54) Labels. 55–56) Phrynidius armatus Linsley, 1933, holotype male: 55) Dorsal habitus; 56) Lateral habitus. Figures 52–54 by Keita Matsumoto (BMNH); 55–56 by Ranchel Diaz-Bastin (CASC).

FIGURES 36–41. Phrynidius oaxacanensis sp. nov. 36–39) Holotype male: 36) Dorsal habitus; 37) Ventral habitus; 38) Lateral habitus; 39) Head, frontal view. 40–41) Paratype female: 40) Dorsal habitus; 41) Ventral habitus.