Ampelisca soleata Oliveira, 1954

Souza-Filho, J. F., Souza, A. M. T. & Valério-Berardo, M. T., 2009, Description of four new species of the genus Ampelisca (Amphipoda, Ampeliscidae) from the northeastern and southeastern coasts of Brazil and designation of a neotype for Ampelisca soleata Oliveira, 1954, Journal of Natural History 43 (37 - 38), pp. 2391-2423 : 2414-2421

Ampelisca soleata Oliveira, 1954

( Figure 14–16 )

Ampelisca soleata Oliveira 1954: 604 , figs 1–3.

Material examined

Neotype, Female 6.5 mm, Urca Beach, Rio de Janeiro , intertidal, P. C. Paiva and M.C. Rayol col., 11 June 1997, MNRJ 18677 . Other materials: Urca Beach, Rio de Janeiro, P. C. Paiva and M.C. Rayol col., intertidal, 11 June 1997, MNRJ 21524 , 1 female and 1 male . 3°01′ 59.9″ S, 39°02′ 09.6″ W, 31 m, 01 December 2003, MNRJ 21525 , 1 female . Off Rio Grande do Norte State , 03°06′ 29.8″ S 38°45′ 04.6″ W, 47 m, 12 December 2003, MNRJ 21585 , 14 females and 1 male . Baía de Todos os Santos, Salvador, Bahia (12°55.88′ S, 38°44.550′ W), O. Falcão col., 19 April 1997, MNRJ 15799 , 7 females . Atapuz Beach , Canal de Santa Cruz, Pernambuco, intertidal, 19 December 1972, DOUFPE 14045 , 33 females .

Diagnosis

Head anteroventral margin oblique, anterior margin transversely truncate. Antenna 1 shorter than antenna 2 peduncle. Antenna 2 shorter than body length. Coxa 1 shaped notch on posteroventral corner. Pereopod 7 basis posterior margin obliquely rounded, reaching to middle of carpus; merus posterodistal and anterodistal lobe not extending middle of carpus; propodus longer than carpus (1.3 times), stout, length 1.5 times breadth, anterodistal and posterodistal corners with robust setae. Epimeron 3 posterior margin bisinuate, posteroventral corner drawn out into a spine. Urosomite 1 with dorsal margin produced and acute. Uropod 2 outer ramus with a long apical robust seta. Uropod 3 rami foliaceous, inner and apical margins of both rami with plumose setae. Telson each lobe pointed at apex, bearing one distal robust seta and three marginal robust setae; dorsal surface with seven setae.

Description

Neotype, female 6.5 mm. Head ( Figure 14 ) longer than deep, shorter than first three body segments combined, anteroventral margin oblique, anterior margin transversely truncate; two pairs of corneal lenses present and strongly developed. Antenna 1 ( Figure 14 ) shorter than antenna 2 peduncle, peduncular article 2 1.7 times longer than article 1 and twice as long as article 3, with few setae on ventral margin; flagellum with seven articles, longer than peduncle. Antenna 2 ( Figure 14 ) shorter than body length, fourth peduncular article 1.8 times longer than fifth article; flagellum with 16 articles, as long as peduncle. Mandible ( Figure 14 ) accessory setal row with nine setae; palp article 2 not inflated, inner margin with four long simple setae, article 3 0.5 times longer than article 2, with setae on outer and apical margins. Maxilla 1 ( Figure 14 ) inner plate with one apical seta; outer plate with eight serrate robust setae; palp article 2 with three distal cusps accompanied by three robust setae and four facial setae. Maxilliped ( Figure 14 ) inner plate rectangular with two robust setae, four plumose setae on distal margin; outer plate reaching to end of the palp article 2, bearing six chisel-shaped robust setae along inner margin and three apical setae; palp article 3 with article 4 inserted at mid-length. Upper lip, lower lip and maxilla 2 ( Figure 14 ) with basic characters for the genus.

Coxae 1–4 ( Figure 15 ) longer than broad. Coxa 1 ( Figure 15 ) distally widened, with a row of small robust setae on posterofacial margin, ventral margin with plumose setae and with a sharp “U”-shaped notch on posteroventral corner. Coxa 2 with a row of simple setae on ventrofacial margin. Gnathopod 1 ( Figure 15 ) basis inflated distally, with long plumose setae on both margins; ischium and merus with simple setae on posterodistal margins; carpus 1.2 times propodus length, simple setae on posterior margin; propodus with pinnate setae on posterior margin; dactylus slightly curved, 0.5 times longer than propodus, with two setules along inferior margin. Gnathopod 2 ( Figure 15 ) slenderer than gnathopod 1, basis slightly inflated distally, with long simple setae on posterior margin and a row of robust setae on anterior margin; merus with plumose simple setae on posterior margin; carpus longer than propodus (2.1 times), with long simple setae on posterior margin; propodus with pinnate setae on posterior margin; dactylus curved 0.5 times as long as propodus, bearing five setules along inferior margin. Pereopods 3 and 4 ( Figure 15 ) similar in shape but fourth is more setose than third, both with dactyli longer than combined lengths of carpus and propodus (1.6 times). Pereopod 3 merus with three subapical long plumose setae on anterior margin and four long plumose setae on posterodistal margin, anterodistal corner not drawn out; carpus with long plumose setae on posterior margin; propodus with plumose setae on anterodistal margin. Pereopod 4 basis with simple setae on anterodistal margin; merus length 2.9 times breadth, with plumose setae on posterior and anterodistal margins; carpus with plumose setae on posterior margin; propodus with plumose setae on anterodistal margin. Pereopod 5 ( Figure 15 ) basis subovoid, anterior margin with a row of setae; carpus 1.4 times longer than propodus, with four sets of comb robust setae on posterior margin, drawn out posterodistally, bearing three robust setae and three long setae on posterodistal corner; propodus anterodistal corner with two long simple setae, posterior margin with a row of robust setae; dactylus short, without cusps. Pereopod 6 ( Figure 15 ) basis subquadrate, anterior margin with two plumose setae and six short simple setae; carpus longer than propodus (1.3 times), with four sets of comb robust setae on posterior margin, posterodistal corner not drawn out, bearing three long setae; propodus posterior margin with two robust setae, anterodistal corner with three long setae; dactylus short, with four apical cusps. Pereopod 7 ( Figure 16 ), basis posterior margin obliquely rounded, reaching to middle of carpus, with plumose setae on posterodistal margin, with a row of robust setae on anterior margin; ischium shorter than merus, with one robust seta on anterodistal corner; merus posterodistal and anterodistal lobe not extending middle of carpus, lobe margin with five plumose setae, with one robust seta on anterodistal corner; carpus anterodistal corner with three setae, posterodistal corner with three robust setae and one long plumose seta, outer surface with three distal robust setae; propodus longer than carpus (1.3 times), stout, length 1.5 times breadth, anterodistal and posterodistal corners with robust setae; dactylus shorter than propodus (0.9 times), curved anterodistally.

Epimeron 3 ( Figure 14 ) posterior margin bisinuate, posteroventral corner drawn out into a spine. Urosomite 1 ( Figure 14 ) with dorsal margin produced and acute. Uropod 1 ( Figures 14 and 16 ) extending to end of uropod 2 rami, peduncle slightly longer than rami, naked; inner ramus subequal in length to outer ramus, with 11 robust setae on outer margin; outer ramus with four robust setae on outer margin. Uropod 2 ( Figure 16 ) peduncle longer than rami, inner margin with comb of robust setae; rami subequal in length and both outer margins with a row of robust setae; outer ramus with a long apical robust seta. Uropod 3 ( Figure 16 ) peduncle shorter than rami, inner margin with three robust setae; rami foliaceous, inner and apical margins of both rami with plumose setae, inner ramus with a row of long plumose and robust setae along outer distal margin. Telson ( Figure 16 ) cleft (0.7 times), each lobe pointed at apex, bearing one distal robust seta and three marginal robust setae; dorsal surface with seven setae.

Male 6.6 mm ( MNRJ 21524). Differing from the female by antennal peduncles with brush setae; urosomite 1 and 2 ( Figure 16 ) dorsal margins produced into a saddleshaped carina deeper than the equivalent in female; uropod 3 ( Figure 16 ) outer ramus broader than inner ramus, both margins of inner ramus serrate with robust setae.

Remarks

The validity of A. soleata Oliveira, 1954 has been disputed for many years (Valerio- Berardo 2007) because the holotype and material type are lost. We have established a neotype for A. soleata with a redescription, because of its close similarity with A. brevisimulata , also reported from the Brazilian coast ( Serejo et al. 2000). Indeed, it is very difficult to distinguish both species from each other based only on the original description of A. soleata because some important diagnostic characters were neither described nor illustrated. This redescription is based on topotype material collected from the type locality as designated by ( Oliveira 1954): Baía de Guanabara, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil.

Ampelisca soleata and A. brevisimulata are obviously similar in having antenna 1 shorter than antenna 2 peduncle; antenna 2 shorter than body length; dactyli of pereopods 3 and 4 longer than carpus and propodus combined; pleon of segment 4 with posterior dorsal surface slightly raised and acute; uropod 2 with long robust seta apical on outer ramus; uropod 3 rami foliaceous and broad, with outer ramus lined with robust setae and telson with narrow apices and surface setae. Nevertheless, A. soleata differs from A. brevisimulata by the shape of the head with anterior margin transversely truncate, presence of the “U”-shaped notch on posteroventral corner of coxa 1; pereopod 7 without robust setae on posterior margin of basis and merus with anterodistal lobe; and number of robust setae on rami of uropod 1.

Geographic distribution

Rio Grande do Norte, Pernambuco, Bahia and Rio de Janeiro States.

Key to the species of the family Ampeliscidae recorded from the Brazilian coast (modified from Valerio-Berardo 2007)

1. Head with a rostrum, or with anterodistal corner acute................ 2 Head without rostrum and anterodistal corner transverse.............. 4

2. Head with anterodorsal corner reaching the end of peduncle article 1 of antenna 1; uropod 3 rami broad....... A. paria Barnard and Agard, 1986 Head with anterodorsal corner not reaching the middle of peduncle article 1 of antenna 1; uropod 3 rami lanceloate............................. 3

3. Corneal lenses present; uropod 2 with one long apical robust seta on outer ramus; telson distal margin pointed........ A. anae Valério-Berardo, 2008 Corneal lenses absent; uropod 2 without apical seta on outer ramus; telson distal margin blunt.................... A. minuta Valério-Berardo, 2008

4. Head strongly narrowed anteriorly, anteroventral margin parallel to anterodorsal margin................................................. 5 Head slightly narrowed anteriorly, ventral margin oblique............ 11

5. Posteroventral corner of epimeron 3 not drawn out into a spine......... 6 Posteroventral corner of epimeron 3 drawn out into a spine............ 7

6. Antenna 1 shorter than antenna 2 peduncle; uropod 3 rami very broad, dis- tal margin rounded; urosomite 1 dorsal carina pointed................................. A. flabellicaudata Valério-Berardo and Wakabara, 2006 Antenna 1 subequal in length to antenna 2 peduncle; uropod 3 rami folia- ceous; urosomite 1 dorsal carina saddle-shaped...................................................... A. meridionalis Valério-Berardo, 2007

7. Pereopod 7 ventral margin of basis rounded; urosomite 1 drawn out into an acute process; posterior margin of epimeron 3 bisinuate............... 8 Pereopod 7 ventral margin of basis nearly transverse (in larger specimens can be rounded); urosomite 1 dorsal carina drawn out into a rounded process; posterior margin of epimeron 3 not bisinuate........................ 9

8. Coxa 1 with a deep notch “V”-shaped; pereopod 7 basis with posterior margin with a row of robust setae............... A. brevisimulata Barnard, 1954 Coxa 1 with a deep notch “U” shaped; pereopod 7 basis with posterior margin with a row of slender setae..................... A. soleata Oliveira, 1954

9. Antenna 1 about one-third body length............................10 Antenna 1 about the same length as the body.... A. cristata Holmes, 1908

10. Pereopod 5 dactylus with only one accessory cusp; pereopod 7 propodus stout, length less than twice breadth............... A. angraensis sp. nov. Pereopod 5 dactuylus with more than four accessory cusps; pereopod 7 propodus slender, length more than twice breadth............................................................ A. pesudobicarinata sp. nov.

11. Uropod 3 with broad rami........... A. wakabarae Valério-Berardo, 2008 Uropod 3 with lanceolate rami...................................12

12. Pereopod 7 merus posterior margin strongly lobed, lobe extending to distal end of carpus or more..........................................13 Pereopod 7 merus posterior margin weakly lobed, lobe not extending to middle of carpus..................................................17

13. Epimeron 3 posteroventral corner not drawn out into a spine; telson with distally blunt lobes...... A. moreirai Valério-Berardo and Wakabara, 2006 Epimeron 3 posteroventral corner drawn out into a spine; telson with distally acute lobes...............................................14

14. Pereopod 7 propodus longer than twice dactylus length; uropod 2 both rami with one long apical robust seta.... A. longipropoda Valério-Berardo, 2007 Pereopod 7 propodus shorter than twice dactylus length; uropod 2 outer ramus with one long apical robust setae............................15

15. Antenna 2 subequal to body length; pereopod 7 basis with posterior margin smooth................................. A. pugetica Stimpson, 1864 Antenna 2 longer than body length; pereopod 7 basis with posterior margin crenulated....................................................16

16. Pereopod 7 propodus twice length of carpus; epimeron 3 posteroventral corner drawn out into a spine....................... A. rocasensis sp. nov. Pereopod 7 propodus 1.5 times longer than carpus; epimeron 3 posteroventral corner quadrate................... A. youngi Valério-Berardo, 2007

17. Pereopod 7 carpus with a notch on anterior margin...................18 Pereopod 7 carpus without a notch on anterior margin................19

18. Antenna 1 reaching middle of peduncular article 5 of antenna 2; urosomite 1 dorsal carina raised into a lens-shaped process; inner ramus of uropod 3 distally uncinate............................. A. romigi Barnard, 1954 Antenna 1 reaching end of peduncular article 4 of antenna 2; urosomite 1 dorsal carina rounded and without lens-shaped process; inner ramus of uropod 3 not distally uncinate..... A. subtropicalis Valério-Berardo et al., 2005

19. Antenna 1 subequal in length to peduncle of antenna 2; uropod 3 outer margin of inner ramus naked, outer ramus notched at tip........................................... A. rodriguesi Valério-Berardo et al., 2005 Antenna 1 shorter than peduncle of antenna 2; uropod 3 outer margin of inner ramus with 1 stout robust seta or more, outer ramus not notched at tip................................................... 20

20. Uropod 3 inner ramus with only one robust seta on outer margin........................................ A. campensis Valério-Berardo, 2008 Uropod 3 inner ramus with more than three robust setae on outer margin..................................................21

21. Uropod 1 peduncle with 1 large robust seta on distal margin and outer ramus lacking marginal robust setae; pereopod 7 merus weakly drawn out posterodistally................................ A. cristianae sp. nov. Uropod 1 peduncle without one large robust seta on distal margin and outer ramus with marginal robust setae; pereopod 7 merus not drawn out posterodistally......................... A. burkei Barnard and Thomas, 1989

Figures

Figure 14. Ampelisca soleata Oliveira, 1954, neotype, Female 6.5 mm, Urca Beach, Rio de Janeiro, 11 June 1997, MNRJ 18677. Scale bar 0.1 mm.

Figure 15. Ampelisca soleata Oliveira, 1954, neotype, Female 6.5 mm, Urca Beach, Rio de Janeiro, 11 June 1997, MNRJ 18677. Scale bar 0.1 mm.

Figure 16. Ampelisca soleata Oliveira, 1954, neotype, Female 6.5 mm, Urca Beach, Rio de Janeiro, 11 June 1997, MNRJ 18677. Scale bar 0.1 mm. Male 6.6 mm, from the same locality as neotype.