Lycianthes multiflora Bitter, Abh. Naturwiss. Verein Bremen 24 [preprint]: 361. 1919

Dean, Ellen, Poore, Jennifer, Anguiano-Constante, Marco Antonio, Nee, Michael H., Kang, Hannah, Starbuck, Thomas, Rodrigues, Annamarie & Conner, Matthew, 2020, The genus Lycianthes (Solanaceae, Capsiceae) in Mexico and Guatemala, PhytoKeys 168, pp. 1-333 : 1

Lycianthes multiflora Bitter, Abh. Naturwiss. Verein Bremen 24 [preprint]: 361. 1919

Lycianthes brevipes Bitter, Abh. Naturwiss. Verein Bremen 24 [preprint]: 369. 1919. Type: Guatemala. No location given, [1840?], E. von Friedrichsthal s.n. (541?) (holotype: W [acc. # 0074705; F photo negative "Types of the Vienna Herbarium" no. 33125]).

Lycianthes ferruginea (Vahl) Bitter var. firmior Bitter, Abh. Naturwiss. Verein Bremen 24 [preprint]: 340. 1919. Type: Costa Rica. [San José]: Descente de la Ardilla près San Marcos, 900-1355 m, Mar 1893, A. Tonduz 7666 (lectotype designated by Dean and Reyes 2018a pg. 41: BR [000000552844]; isolectotype BR [000000552877]).

Lycianthes multiflora Bitter var. plicitomentosa Bitter, Abh. Naturwiss. Verein Bremen 24 [preprint]: 363. 1919. Type: Costa Rica. [Alajuela?]: Naranjo, no date, A. Oersted 1384 (lectotype designated by Dean and Reyes 2018a pg. 43: C [C0021744]; isolectotype: C [C10021743]).

Lycianthes multiflora Bitter var. extustomentosa Bitter, Abh. Naturwiss. Verein Bremen 24 [preprint]: 363. 1919. Type: Costa Rica. Cartago: Turrialba, no date, A. Oersted 1386 (holotype: C [C10021742]).

Lycianthes pittieri Bitter, Abh. Naturwiss. Verein Bremen 24 [preprint]: 360. 1919. Type: Costa Rica. Cartago: by San Lorenzo de Dota, 1250 m, 3 Apr 1890, H. Pittier & T. Durand 2277 (holotype: BR [BR0000024940924]).

Lycianthes dominicana C.V.Morton & Standl., Publ. Field. Mus. Nat. Hist. Bot. Ser. 18: 1057. 1938. Type: Costa Rica. Santa Domingo de Vara Blanca, 2200 m, Feb 1937, M. Valerio 1550 (holotype: F [0072909F, acc. # 888370])

Lycianthes hawkesiana D’Arcy, Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 60: 641. 1974 (1973). Type: Panama. Bocas del Toro: Changuinola Valley, 14 Jan 1924, V. Dunlap 327 (holotype: US [cited by D’Arcy, not seen]; isotype F [0072911F, acc. # 635688]).

Lycianthes luteynii D’Arcy, Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 60: 643. 1974 (1973). Type: Panama. Chiriquí: 5.2 miles northwest of El Hato del Volcán on the road to Costa Rica, 5500 ft, 22 Jun 1970, J. Luteyn 836 (holotype: MO [acc. # 2140705]).

Type.

Costa Rica. Cartago: Las Vueltas, Tucurrique, 635 m, Jan 1899, A. Tonduz 13173 (lectotype designated by Dean and Reyes 2018a, pg. 43: M [M-0165975]; isolectotypes: B [F photo negative # 2584], BM [BM000775268], ENCB [ENCB003797], G [G00343135], GH [00934882], K [K000585740], LD [1688216], US [00604490, 00027891], W [acc. # 1903-12658]).

We have not been able to confirm the existence of the shrub/vine L. multiflora in Guatemala; we have only seen specimens of L. multiflora from Belize, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and Panama. The species was originally described from Costa Rica ( Bitter 1919), and most of the names we have placed in synonymy are based on specimens from Costa Rica or Panama. An exception to this is the name L. brevipes , which Bitter (1919) based on a collection made by the Austrian botanist Emanuel von Friedrichsthal (Friedrichsthal s.n.). Although the preprinted label with the specimen says Guatemala, Hemsley (1887) wrote that all of the Friedrichsthal collections that Hemsley encountered at the Kew Herbarium were actually collected in Nicaragua and Costa Rica. In fact, Bitter, in his protologue for the species, wrote the location as "Guatemala? Nicaragua? No special location"; therefore, it is probable that the type material of L. brevipes was not collected in Guatemala.