Proteides nicola Plötz, 1882 Cabares nicola Telemiades simplicius Hayward, 1933 Telemiades laogonus laogonus simplicius simplicius Atlas Neotrop. Lep. simplicius simplicius Telemiades laogonus nicola Atlas Neotrop. Lep. laogonus Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Telemiades Hübner, [1819] (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae: Eudaminae), with descriptions of fourteen new species Siewert, Ricardo Russo Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik Casagrande, Mirna Martins Zootaxa 2020 2020-01-09 4721 1 1 111 555T8 (Hewitson, 1876) Hewitson 1876 [151,621,657,684] Insecta Hesperiidae Telemiades Animalia Lepidoptera 25 26 Arthropoda species laogonus  ( Figs 34–37, 151, 187, 208)   Eudamus laogonusHewitson, 1876. Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (4)18: 354; Brazil; Staudinger collection.   Telegonus laogonus; Kirby, 1877. Syn. Cat. Diurn. Lep., Suppl., p. 817.    Proteides nicola Plötz, 1882. Berl. ent. Ztschr. 26: 71; n° 5.037 [ holotype], Pará [ Brazil]; Mus. Berol.— Godman, 1907. Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (7)20: 135. syn. nov.   Cabares nicola; Mabille & Boullet, 1919. Ann. Sc. nat., Zool., Paris, (10)2: 208, 209.— Draudt, 1922, inSeitz. Gross–Schmett. Erde 5, p. 878, pl. 170f (d, v).— Shepard, 1931. Lep. Cat. 47, p. 119.   Telemiades simpliciusHayward, 1933. Rev. Soc. ent. arg. 5: 181, female holotype, Misiones, Argentina; Breyer collection.— Hayward, 1934. Rev. Soc. ent. arg. 6: 190.—Hayward, 1934. Rev. Soc. ent. arg. 6: 218, pl. 20 (pl. supl.), fig. 4 (d).— Shepard, 1936. Lep. Cat. 74, p. 616.—Hayward, 1941. Rev. Mus. La Plata, n. s., 2: 250.—Hayward, 1964. Acta zool. Lill. 19: 330.    Telemiades laogonus; Hayward, 1947. Acta zool. Lill. 4: 134; syn.:  nicola, lamus, simplicius.— Hayward, 1948. Gen. Sp. Anim. Arg. 1, p. 134, 135, pls 5, fig. 11 (male gen.), 20, fig. 14 (d); syn.:  nicola, lamus, simplicius.—Bridges, 1983. Lep. Hesp. 1, p. 63, 110; 2, p. 36; syn.:  simplicius.—Bridges, 1988. Cat. Hesp. 1, p. 100, 173; 2, p. 60; syn.:  simplicius.    Telemiades laogonus laogonus; Evans, 1953. Cat. Amer. Hesp. 3, p. 31, pl. 28 (male gen.); syn.:  simplicius.—Biezanko & Mielke, 1973. Acta biol. paranaense 2: 65.— Hayward, 1973. Op. Lill. 23: 37; syn.:  simplicius.—K. Brown, 1992, inMorellato. Hist. nat. Japi, p. 176, fig. 16 (d).— Canals, 2003. Marip. Misiones, p. 64, 457, fig. (d).— Mielke, 2004. Hesperioidea, p. 56, inLamas (ed.). Checklist: Part 4A, Hesperioidea–Papilionoidea, inHeppner (ed.).  Atlas Neotrop. Lep.5A; syn.:  simplicius.— Mielke, 2005. Cat. Amer. Hesperioidea 3, p. 746; syn.:  simplicius.—Mielke; Emery & Pinheiro, 2008. Revta bras. Ent. 52(2): 286.—Núñez B., 2008. Trop. Lep. Res. 18(2): 80.—Núñez B., 2009. Trop. Lep. Res. 19(2): 77.—Giovenardi et al., 2013. Rev. colomb. Ent. 39(2), Supl., p. 12.   Telemiades laogonus nicola; Evans, 1953. Cat. Amer. Hesp. 3, p. 31.—K. Brown & Mielke, 1967. Jour. Lep. Soc. 21: 161.— Bridges, 1983. Lep. Hesp. 1, p. 81; 2, p. 36.—Bridges, 1988. Cat. Hesp. 1, p. 129; 2, p. 60.— Mielke, 2004. Hesperioidea, p. 56, inLamas (ed.). Checklist: Part 4A, Hesperioidea–Papilionoidea, inHeppner (ed.).  Atlas Neotrop. Lep.5A.— Mielke, 2005. Cat. Amer. Hesperioidea 3, p. 746. (no genus)  laogonus; Beattie, 1976. Rhop. Direct., p. 180.  (no genus)  nicola; Bridges, 1976. Rhop. Direct., p. 212. (no genus)  simplicius; Beattie, 1976. Rhop. Direct., p. 260.   Type material.  Eudamus laogonusHewitson, 1876was described based on an unspecified number of specimens from Brazilfrom the Otto Staudinger collection. One male syntypewas found at ZMHU, where the Staudinger material is housed, with the same characteristics published in the original description, and illustrated on Butterflies of America ( Warren et al. 2018) with the following labels: / Typus/ Brasilia Capta D. Swainson./ Laogonus/ Coll. Sommer/ Coll. Staudinger/  laogonusHw./. In order to stabilize the identity of this species, this male specimen is hereby designated lectotypeof  Eudamus laogonusHewitson, 1876and the following labels will be attached: / Lectotypus/ Lectotypus  Eudamus laogonusHewitson, 1876 Siewert, Mielke & Casagrandedet. 2019/. These labels will be sent to the curator for the collection.   Proteides nicola Plötz, 1882was described based on the male holotypefrom Pará, Brazil. The male holotypeis deposited at the ZMHUand illustrated on Butterflies of America ( Warren et al. 2018) with the following labels: / HolotypusNr./ 5037/ Pará Sieb/  nicolaPl.Type/.   Telemiades simpliciusHayward, 1933was described based on the female holotypeand on one male paratypefrom Misiones, Argentina. The female holotypeis deposited at the MLPwith the following labels: / Iguazu, Argentina, A. Breyer, X–1928/ Tipus/  Telemiades simpliciusHolotipo ♀Hayward/ 2523/.   Diagnosis.FW length: males 15–17 mm(n=10) and females 17–18 mm(n=5).  Telemiades laogonusis the only species of the genus with irregular margin in HW with a small projection in M 3–CuA 1and CuA 1–CuA 2and the tornus rounded. Additionally, the following genitalia characters differs  T. laogonusfrom other species of the genus: tegumen with short apophysys, about 1/3 the size of uncus; valva with dorsal margin concave; harpe triangular with distal margin serrated; lamella antevaginalis laterally slightly sclerotized; lamella antevaginalis with distal margin bilobed and laterally with a thin–like projection; proximal margin bifid, triangular, ventrally with a small area covered by small scales and extending in a thin–like projection.   Variation.Some specimens have two hyaline spots below the apicals in M 1–M 2and M 2–M 3.   Distribution.  Telemiades laogonusis widely distributed in South America, with records in forested areas of French Guiana, Peru, Bolivia, Braziland Argentina.  Taxonomic discussion.  Eudamus laogonusHewitson, 1876was transferred to the genus  TelegonusHübner, [1819]by Kirby (1877)and later to  Telemiadesby Hayward (1947b). In this same study, Hayward (1947b)synonymized  Proteides nicola Plötz, 1882,  Plesioneura lamus Mabille, 1888and  Telemiades simpliciusHayward, 1933with  Telemiades laogonus. After Hayward’s study (1947b),  Plesioneura lamusand  Telemiades simpliciuswere treated as synonyms of  Telemiades avitusand  T. laogonusby Evans (1953), respectively, while  Proteides nicolawas interpreted as a subspecies of  T. laogonus. The analysis of the typematerial of  P. nicola  syn. nov.(besides the series of specimens analyzed here) supports the hypothesis of a synonym of  T. laogonus. The character that Evans (1953)used to separate the two subspecies of  T. laogonus(presence or absence of the costal spot in FW) is variable. Specimens collected in the same locality may vary with respect to this feature.  Examined material.No data: 1 male(ZSM); 1 female, NHMUK 010242373 (NHMUK).   PERU: no specific locality, 1 male, ex–coll. Hamilton Druce, NHMUK 010242371( NHMUK).   BOLIVIA:  SantaCruz—  Chiquitos,  20–XI–1953, 1 male, OM 12.433( DZUP–OM).   FRENCH GUIANA: no specific locality, 1 male, C. Bar leg., NHMUK 010242370( NHMUK).   BRAZIL: Amazonas—no specific locality, 1 male, Saunders leg., NHMUK 010242378( NHMUK).  Ceará—  Meruoca, Serra da Meruoca,  1–V–2005, 1 male, Pessoa leg., OM 66.908( DZUP–OM);   Viçosado Ceará, Serra da Ibiapaba,  850 m,  13–VI–2006, 1 male, Pessoa leg., OM 67.867( DZUP–OM).  Rondônia—  Cacaulândia,7 Km E, Fazenda Rancho Grande,  27–28–VII–1991, 1 female, C. Mielke& Miers leg., OM 27.314( DZUP–OM).  Maran-hão—  Feira Novado Maranhão, 26 Km L, Fazenda Forquilhados Brejos, 07º 00’ 29’’ S, 46º 26’ 30’’ W,  28–XI–4– XII–2010, 2 males, Mielke& Carneiro leg., DZ 26.192 ( DZUP);   29–XII–2011, 1 female, C. Mielke leg., DZ 26.194 ( DZUP);   31–XII–2011, 1 male, C. Mielke leg., DZ 26.193 ( DZUP);   17–IV–2012, 1 male, Mielke& Casagrande leg., DZ 36.094 ( DZUP).   MatoGrosso—  Cáceres,  19–25–XI–1984, 1 male, Elias leg., DZ 26.188 ( DZUP);   1–15– XII–1984, 1 male, Elias leg., DZ 26.186 ( DZUP).  Goiás—  Goiás Velho,  XII–1976, 1 male, Gifford leg.,ex–coll. Gifford, DZ26.190 ( DZUP);   26–V–1977, 1 male, Gifford leg., ex–coll. Gifford, DZ 26.197* ( DZUP);   25–VIII– 1978, 1 female, Gifford leg.,ex–coll. Gifford, DZ 26.198 ( DZUP);   24–26–III–1978, 1 male, Gifford leg.,ex–coll. Gifford, DZ 26.201 ( DZUP);   Vianópolis,  III–1930, 1 female, Spitz leg., ex–coll. Spitz, OM 11.268( DZUP–OM).   DistritoFederal—  Brasília, Rio Maranhão, 1 female, Emery leg.,ex–coll. Emery, DZ34.053 ( DZUP).  Pará—  Óbidos, 1 female, ex–coll. May, OM 8.609* ( DZUP–OM);   Santarém,  I–1878, 1 male, M. de Mathan leg., NHMUK 010242372* ( NHMUK);  1 male, H. H. Smith leg., NHMUK 010242374( NHMUK);   I–1878, 1 female, M. de Mathan leg., NHMUK 010242375( NHMUK);  1 male, H. W. Bates leg., NHMUK 010242376* ( NHMUK);  1 female, H. W. Bates leg., NHMUK 010242377( NHMUK);  1 female, NHMUK 010242186( NHMUK);  1 male, H. W. Bates leg., NHMUK 010242187* ( NHMUK);  Alter do Chão,  24–I–1971, 1 male, Tangerini leg., OM 29.831* ( DZUP– OM).   EspíritoSanto—  Baixo Guandu,  1–10–IV–1971, 1 male, C. & C. T. Elias leg., DZ 26.202 ( DZUP).   MinasGerais—  Conceição dos Ouros,  27–XII–2002, 1 male, OM 59.992( DZUP–OM);   10–II–2003, 1 male, OM 60.367( DZUP–OM);   Lagoa Dourada,  1000 m,  17–VII–1955, 1 male, Ebert leg.,ex–coll. Ebert, DZ26.187 ( DZUP);   Paracatú,  16–VI–1972, 1 male, Mielke& Brown leg.,DZ 26.200 ( DZUP);   Sabará,  13–18–IV–1981, 1 male, Elias leg.,DZ 26.196 ( DZUP);   São Francisco,  5–10–IV–1982, 1 female, Elias leg.,DZ 26.185 ( DZUP);   VIII–1985, 1 male, Elias leg.,DZ 26.184 ( DZUP);   São Roque de Minas, São José do Barreiro, 20°18’39’’S, 46°32’10’’O,  870 m,  2–VI–2017, 1 male, C. Mielke leg., OM 84.110( DZUP–OM).   SãoPaulo—  Rio Claro,  600 m,  8–IV–1962, 1 male, Ebert leg., ex–coll. Ebert, DZ 26.189 ( DZUP);   27–II–1963, 1 male, Ebert leg., ex–coll. Ebert, DZ 26.203 ( DZUP).  Paraná—  Fênix,  300 m,  29–IV–1987, 2 males, Mielke& Casagrande leg., DZ 26.191, DZ 26.199* ( DZUP);   Foz do Iguaçu,  23–I–2014, 1 male, Greve leg.,DZ 34.052 ( DZUP).   SantaCatarina—  Seara, Nova Teutônia,  300–500 m,  II–1981, 1 female, Plaumann leg., OM 29.627( DZUP–OM).   Rio Grandedo Sul—  Santa Rosa,  20–XII–53, 1 male, C. Biezanko leg., NHMUK 010242379( NHMUK).   ARGENTINA: Misiones—  Almirante Brown, General Belgrano, Reserva Yacutinga,  2–5–III–2007, 1 male, Mielke& Casagrande leg., DZ 26.195 ( DZUP);  Dos de Mayo,  28–IX–1989, 1 male, Foerster leg., OM 26.303( DZUP–OM); Posadas,  XII–1922, 1 male, NHMUK 010242188* ( NHMUK);  13–15–I–1927, 1 male, ex–coll. Hamilton Druce, NHMUK 010242380( NHMUK). 2545463770 [199,1266,981,1007] NHMUK Peru Hamilton Druce 26 27 NHMUK 010242371 1 1 2545463813 [199,1146,1016,1043] 1953-11-20 DZUP-OM Bolivia Santa Chiquitos 26 27 OM 12.433 1 1 2545463766 [199,1266,1053,1079] NHMUK C. Bar French Guiana FRENCH GUIANA 26 27 NHMUK 010242370 1 1 2545463683 [199,1329,1089,1115] NHMUK Saunders Brazil BRAZIL 26 27 NHMUK 010242378 1 1 2545463680 2005-05-01 DZUP-OM Pessoa Brazil Serra da Meruoca Meruoca 26 27 OM 66.908 1 1 2545463465 2006-06-13 DZUP-OM Pessoa Brazil 850 Serra da Ibiapaba Vicosa 26 27 OM 67.867 1 1 Ceara 2545463561 1991-07-27 1991-07-28 1991-07-27 DZUP-OM Km E & C. Mielke & Miers Brazil Fazenda Rancho Grande Cacaulandia 26 27 OM 27.314 1 1 2545463660 2010-11-28 2010-12-04 2010-11-28 DZUP Km L & Mielke & Carneiro Brazil Feira Nova -7.0080557 Brejos 21 -46.44167 Fazenda Forquilha 26 27 2 2 Maranhao 2545463804 2011-12-29 DZUP C. Mielke Brazil 26 27 1 1 2545463485 [259,924,1305,1331] 2011-12-31 DZUP C. Mielke Brazil 26 27 1 1 2545463722 2012-04-17 DZUP Mielke & Casagrande Brazil 26 27 1 1 2545463689 [442,1355,1340,1367] 1984-11-19 1984-11-25 1984-11-19 DZUP Elias Brazil Caceres Mato 26 27 1 1 2545463483 1984-12-01 1984-12-15 1984-12-01 DZUP Elias Brazil 26 27 1 1 2545463769 1976-12 DZUP Gifford & Gifford, DZ Brazil Velho 26 27 1 1 Goias 2545463755 [490,1319,1413,1439] 1977-05-26 DZUP Gifford Brazil 26 27 1 1 2545463698 1978-08-25 DZUP Gifford Brazil 26 27 1 1 2545463684 1978-03-24 1978-03-26 1978-03-24 DZUP Gifford Brazil 26 27 1 1 2545463814 [486,1433,1484,1511] 1930-03 DZUP-OM Spitz Brazil Vianopolis 26 27 OM 11.268 1 1 2545463727 [151,1291,1520,1547] DZUP Emery & Emery, DZ Brazil Distrito Rio Maranhao Brasilia 26 27 1 1 2545463651 DZUP-OM May Brazil Obidos 26 27 OM 8.609 1 1 2545463682 1878-01 NHMUK M. de Mathan Brazil Santarem 26 27 NHMUK 010242372 1 1 2545463541 [438,1101,1593,1619] 1878-01 NHMUK H. H. Smith Brazil true Santarem 26 27 NHMUK 010242374 1 1 2545463589 1878-01 NHMUK M. de Mathan Brazil 26 27 NHMUK 010242375 1 1 2545463584 [647,1321,1629,1655] 1878-01 NHMUK H. W. Bates Brazil true 26 27 NHMUK 010242376 1 1 2545463596 NHMUK H. W. Bates Brazil 26 27 NHMUK 010242377 1 1 2545463482 [725,1207,1665,1691] NHMUK Brazil 26 27 NHMUK 010242186 1 1 2545463775 NHMUK H. W. Bates Brazil 26 27 NHMUK 010242187 1 1 2545463657 1971-01-24 DZUP-, OM Tangerini Brazil Alter do Chao 26 27 OM 29.831 1 1 2545463816 [221,1354,1736,1763] 1971-04-01 1971-04-10 1971-04-01 DZUP C. & C. T. Elias Brazil Baixo Guandu Espirito 26 27 1 1 2545463581 2002-12-27 DZUP-OM Conceicao dos Ouros Brazil Minas 26 27 OM 59.992 1 1 2545463692 2003-02-10 DZUP-OM Conceicao dos Ouros Brazil true Minas 26 27 OM 60.367 1 1 2545463471 [320,1432,1808,1835] 1955-07-17 DZUP Ebert & Ebert, DZ Brazil 1000 Lagoa Dourada 26 27 1 1 2545463594 [151,987,1844,1871] 1972-06-16 DZUP Mielke & Brown Brazil Paracatu 26 27 1 1 2545463686 1981-04-13 1981-04-18 1981-04-13 DZUP Elias Brazil Sabara 26 27 1 1 2545463550 [447,1277,1880,1907] 1982-04-05 1982-04-10 1982-04-05 DZUP Elias Brazil Sao Francisco 26 27 1 1 2545463662 1985-08 DZUP Elias Brazil 26 27 1 1 2545463646 2017-06-02 DZUP-OM C. Mielke Brazil 870 -20.310833 Sao Jose do Barreiro 21 46.53611 Sao Roque de Minas 26 27 OM 84.110 1 1 2545463731 1962-04-08 DZUP Ebert Brazil 600 Rio Claro Sao 26 27 1 1 2545463672 [680,1433,1989,2015] 1963-02-27 DZUP Ebert Brazil 26 27 1 1 2545463631 [151,1347,152,179] 1987-04-29 DZUP Mielke & Casagrande Brazil 300 Fenix 27 28 2 2 2545463828 2014-01-23 DZUP Greve Brazil Foz do Iguacu 27 28 1 1 2545463624 1981-02 DZUP-OM Plaumann Brazil 400 Nova Teutonia Santa 27 28 OM 29.627 1 1 Ceara 2545463445 1953-12-20 NHMUK C. Biezanko Brazil Santa Rosa Rio Grande 27 28 NHMUK 010242379 1 1 2545463643 1922-12 2007-03-05 1922-12 DZUP, DZUP-OM, NHMUK Mielke & Casagrande & de Mayo & Foerster Argentina Dos de Mayo Almirante Brown Reserva Yacutinga 27 28 OM 26.303, NHMUK 010242188, NHMUK 010242380 4 4