Molecular and morphological evaluation of the aphid genus Hyalopterus Koch (Insecta: Hemiptera: Aphididae), with a description of a new species
Lozier, Jeffrey D.
Foottit, Robert G.
Miller, Gary L.
Mills, Nicholas J.
Roderick, George K.
Zootaxa
2008
1688
1
19
Miller, Lozier
Miller, Lozier
[151,616,1772,1798]
Insecta
Aphididae
Hyalopterus
Animalia
Aphidomorpha
10
11
Arthropoda
species
persikonus
Recognition characters. Apterous vivipara (Fig 6.1): Body length 1.89–2.85 (2.38); width through eyes, 0.32– 0.48 (0.44). Head (Fig. 6.2) weakly sclerotized, smooth; dorsal head and frons setae filiform; longest frons seta (fs) nearly as long as width of antennal segment II; distance of the bases median dorsal head setae (mdhs) usually less than their lengths (Fig. 6.3B); antennal tubercle weakly to moderately developed. Antenna 6-segmented, shorter than body without secondary sensoria, pale with segment VI darker and occasionally apex of segment V, setae on segment III 0.01–0.03 (0.02) long, more than half width of segment; segment III 0.30– 0.46 (0.39) long; IV 0.21–0.40 (0.28) long; V 0.18–0.28 (0.24) long; base of VI 0.09–0.16 (0.12) long; terminal process, 0.32–0.44 (0.38) long. Rostrum extending to metacoxae, bluntly rounded apically; ultimate rostral article (Fig. 6.4) 0.07–0.11 (0.09) long, 0.06–0.09 (0.08) wide at base, with a pair of accessory setae. Hindfemur 0.42–0.70 (0.59) long; hind tibia 0.84–1.23 (1.00) long; hind tarsus II 0.15–0.21 (0.17) long; basitarsi with 3 ventral setae on pro- and mesobasitarsi and 2 on metabasitarsi; Apex of tibia and tarsi darker than rest of leg. Abdomen without pigment, with faint fine reticulation and marginal tubercles on segments I–VI; abdominal setae pointed, longest seta on abdominal segment VIII 0.03–0.08 (0.06); anal plate entire, genital plate (Fig. 6.5) with several anterior and median setae and posterior row of setae. Siphunculus (Fig. 6.6) small, 0.07–0.14 (0.11) long, shape variable, ranging from cylindrical with slight tapering to slightly swollen on apical half, weakly scabrous, apically dark with paler base, apical flange absent. Cauda (Fig. 6.7) 0.14– 0.26 (0.20) long, elongate, with 3–4 pairs of lateral setae and a subapical seta. TABLE 5.Contributions of 16 morphological variables to the first two principal components calculated from 49 specimens of Hyalopterus(see also Figure 3). Contributions of 16 morphological variables to the first two canonical discriminate axes calculated using 50 specimens of Hyalopterus(see also Figure 4). Principal components analysis Canonical discriminant analysis Prin1 Prin2 Can1 Can2 BL 0.2455 -0.0804 -0.1416 -0.0592 A3L 0.3053 -0.2660 -1.4209 0.5329 A4L 0.2659 -0.0666 -0.1305 -0.5616 A5L 0.3394 0.0982 0.4112 0.0749 A6BL 0.2735 0.0075 0.1142 0.8568 A2L 0.2599 0.2607 0.5167 0.1318 A3SL 0.0460 0.0238 0.4091 0.0547 HW 0.2334 0.2348 -0.2333 0.1710 URW 0.0222 0.5495 0.5071 0.0359 URL 0.1796 -0.2977 -0.8097 0.0910 F3L 0.3507 0.0766 0.7402 -1.2791 T3L 0.3406 -0.1240 -0.8455 0.3514 DT3L 0.2979 0.1138 0.1746 0.2968 SL 0.2335 -0.1978 -0.1611 -0.0070 CL 0.1667 0.4527 0.9656 1.1911 AT8SL -0.1376 0.3409 -0.3556 -0.8547 Embryo: Antenna 5-segmented; setae pointed; disc with 2 pair of anterior and 2 pair of posterior setae; pronotum with 1 anterior, 1 posterior lateral, and 1 posterior submedian seta on each side; abdominal segments each with 4 setae medially and a dorsolateral seta on each side of I–VI; siphunculus short, poriform; basistarsi with 2 ventral setae. Etymology of specific epithet. The name persikonus, a variant of the Greek “Persikon malum” or Persiaapple for early reference to supposed origins of the “peach,” refers to one of the primary hosts for this aphid species. Specimens examined. Holotype: GREECE: Kala Nera, Peliou, 12-V-2004, on Prunus persica, N. Millscoll. (apterous vivipara) USNM; with slide label stating “ Hyalopterus persikonusMiller, Lozier, and Foottit HOLOTYPE” Paratypes: ITALY: Squinzano, Gemini, 15-VI-2004, on Prunus persica, N. Millscoll.(9 apterous viviparae on 9 slides) BMNH, CNCI, EMEC, USNM; GREECE: Kala Nera, Peliou, 12-V-2004, on P. p e r s i c a, N. Mills coll. (8 apterous viviparae on 8 slides) CNCI, EMEC, USNM; SPAIN: Benferi, Muro d’Alcoi, summer 2002, on P. persica, N. Millscoll. (8 apterous viviparae on 8 slides) CNCI, EMEC, USNM; all slides with label stating “ Hyalopterus persikonusMiller, Lozier, and Foottit PARATYPE”. FIGURE 5.Canonical discriminate analysis of 50 specimens of Hyalopterusbased on the analysis of 16 morphological variables; specimens projected on to the first and second principal axes (Table 5). Country of origin for the specimens are indicated by the following symbols: Greece (), Italy (), Spain (), Republic of Georgia (). Other specimens examined. REPUBLIC OF GEORGIA: Karsp District, Doesi, 5-IX-2005, on P. p e r - sica, S. Barjadze coll. (12 apterous viviparae and 24 immatures on 12 slides) CNCI, USNM; IRAN: Tabriz, 8- VIII-1958, on peach, Hambleton coll. (3 apterous viviparae on 1 slide) USNM; AFGANISTAN: Kabul, 29- V-1961, on apricot, E. R. Millet and E. J. Hambelton coll. (2 apterous viviparae, 2 alate viviparae, 2 immatures on 1 slide) USNM; IRAQ: Baghdad, 23-III-1965, on apricot, on nectarine, A. K. Daoud coll. (8 apterous viviparae and 5 immatures on 5 slides) USNM. Comments. Hyalopterus persikonusis very similar to H. amygdaliand H. pruni, morphologically. Characters useful for species separation are included within the following key. In addition, host plant association of the specimen is critical. However, the use of the key for field identification remains difficult as evidenced by the overlap of the various ranges. Single individual specimens may be problematic and it is advisable to use multiple specimens from the same collection series. However, molecular data and morphometic analyses can be applied for separating Hyalopterusspecies.