Agathocles limbatus Stål, 1876: 106 Agathocles limbatus : Atkinson (1888) : 153 Lethierry & Severin (1893) : 183 Distant (1902) : 199 Kirkaldy (1909) : 147 Ahmad (1981) : 52 Zhang & Lin (1985) : 21 Zhang & Lin (1986) : 61 Rider (1997) : 402 Rider et al. (2002) : 136 Rider (2006) : 342 Li et al. (2008) : 212 Fan (2011) : 43 Hoàng & Ðãng (2013) : 789 Agathocles fimbatus Hua (2000) : 171 Agathocles limbaatus Zhang (1994) : 33 Agothocles [sic!] limbatus Agathocles yunnanensis Zhang & Lin, 1984 Agathocles yunnanensis : Zhang et al. (1987) : 144 Yang & Sun (1991) : 28 Rider (1997) : 402 Hua (2000) : 171 Rider et al. (2002) : 136 Rider (2006) : 342 Fan (2011) : 43 Agathooles [sic!] yunnanensis Jiang (1985) : 67 The genera Agathocles and Surenus (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) tribal reassessment, redescription, new synonyms, and description of two new species Salini, S. Kment, Petr Zootaxa 2021 2021-04-14 4958 1 510 559 Stal, 1876 Stal 1876 [151,526,313,341] Insecta Pentatomidae Agathocles GBIF Animalia Hemiptera 14 524 Arthropoda species limbatus  ( Figs 1–8, 16, 22, 25–30, 33, 37–59, 139)      Agathocles limbatus  Stål, 1876: 106(original description). Holotype: ♂, Bangladesh, Silhet[= Sylhet] (NHRS:?lost).     Agathocles limbatus: Atkinson (1888): 153(redescription, distribution);  Lethierry & Severin (1893): 183(catalogue);  Distant (1902): 199, fig. 121 (redescription; figures of habitat in dorsal view, and mesothorax, metathorax and abdomen in ventral view; distribution);  Kirkaldy (1909): 147(catalogue);  Ahmad (1981): 52(list);  Zhang & Lin (1985): 21–22 (record);  Zhang & Lin (1986): 61(record);  Rider (1997): 402(checklist);  Rider et al.(2002): 136(Chinese distribution);  Rider (2006): 342(catalogue);  Li et al.(2008): 212(checklist);  Fan (2011): 43(key to species);  Hoàng & Ðãng (2013): 789(record).    Agathocles fimbatus(incorrect subsequent spelling):  Hua (2000): 171(checklist).    Agathocles limbaatus(incorrect subsequent spelling):  Zhang (1994): 33(catalogue).   Agothocles [sic!] limbatus: Ahmad et al.(1974): 43 (list, host plant), 75: figs 63, 66, 88, 89 (drawings of habitus in dorsal view and meso- and metapleuron in ventral view).   Agathocles yunnanensisZhang & Lin, 1984in Lin & Zhang (1984): 268–270, figs 3, 4 (original description, line drawings of habitus in dorsal view and female terminalia in ventral view). Holotype: ♀, China, Yunnan, Cang-yuan County, 675 ma.s.l., 19.vii.1980(IZAS). New junior subjective synonym.     Agathocles yunnanensis: Zhang et al.(1987): 144(key to genera and species);  Yang & Sun (1991): 28( typedepository);  Rider (1997): 402(checklist);  Hua (2000): 171(checklist);  Rider et al.(2002): 136(Chinese distribution);  Rider (2006): 342(catalogue);  Fan (2011): 43(key to species), 44–45, figs 2.14a–f (redescription, drawings of male genitalia), 555–556, figs 32–33 (photos of habitus in dorsal and ventral view).    Agathooles [sic!] yunnanensis:  Jiang (1985): 67(checklist).     Typelocality.  Agathocles limbatus. Bangladesh, Silhet[= Sylhet], 24°54′N 91°52′E.   Agathocles yunnanensis. China, Yunnan, Cangyuan Va Autonomous County, 23°09′N 99°14′E  Type material.  Agathocles limbatus.Not examined. The description was based on single specimen ( holotype) as it is mentioned in the original description: ‘Antennae exempli descripti …’ [= antennae of examined specimen …]. The holotypeshould be deposited in NHRS(cf. Stål 1876; Rider 2006), but it is not included in the list of the collection by Gustafsson (2006). Dávid Rédei (pers. comm.) confirmed to us that he did not locate the holotypein NHRSduring his carefull search of the collection.   Agathocles yunnanensis.  Holotype: ♀( Figs 3–5), China, Yunnan, Cang-yuan County,  675 ma.s.l.,  19.vii.1980( IZAS). Thephotographs of the holotypewere provided by courtesy of D. Rédei.  Material examined.   CAMBODIA: Pailinenv., [ 12°52′N 102°36′E],  200 ma.s.l.,  16.–17.vi.2008, 1 ♂, S. Murzinlgt., P. Kmentdet. ( NMPC).   CHINA: Guangxi: 广NJkdfi.乡  550m  2000-VI-5 李rff. ḤflLj物 ¶[= Guangxi: Fangchenggang, 21°42′N 108°21′E, Tongzhong village,  550 ma.s.l.,  5.vi.2000], 1 ♂, W.-Z. Lilgt., Z-H. Fandet. as  A. yunnanensis, P. Kmentrevid. ( IZAS→ NKUM).   Tibet: Chanyu[= Zayü county], Xiachayu[= Xiazayü], 28°29′16″N 97°01′22″E,  vi.2017, 3 ♀, local collector ( 1 ♀ NMPC, 2 ♀ MRCS).   LAOS:  Houa Phan Province: Ban Saleui, Phou Pan( Mt.), 20°12′N 104°01′E,  1300–1900 ma.s.l.,  13.vi.–6.vii.2013, 3 ♂ 4 ♀, C. Holzschuhlgt., Acq. Nr.2013-13, P. Kmentdet. ( 2 ♂ 3 ♀ NHMW, 1 ♂ 1 ♀ NHMW→ NMPC);  Ban Saluey→ Phou Pane Mt., 20°12– 13.5′N103°59.5′– 104°01′E,  1340–1870 ma.s.l., primary mountain forest, individual collecting,  1.–24.vi.2012, 1 ♂, Vít Kubáň& Laocollectors lgt., P. Kmentdet. ( NMPC);  Phu Pane Mt., 20°12′N 103°50′E,  900–1400 ma.s.l.,  10.–21.vi.2010, 1 ♀, S. Jakl& Laocollectors lgt., P. Kmentdet. ( NMPC);  Phu Phan Mt.,  iv.2016, 1 ♂, P. Kmentdet. ( MRCS).   Louang Phrabang Province: Ban Song Cha( 5 kmW), 20°33–34′N 102°14′E, ±  1200 ma.s.l.,  24.iv.–16.v.1999, 1 ♂, V. Kubáňlgt., P. Kmentdet. ( MMBC).   Phongsaly Province: Phongsalyenv., 21°41‒42′N 102°6–8′E, ca.  1500 ma.s.l.,  28.v.–30.vi.2003, 2 ♀, P. Pacholátkolgt., P. Kmentdet. ( MMBC).   THAILAND: Loei Province: Phu KradungNP, 16°53′N 101°47′E,  1300 ma.s.l.,  11.–15.v.1999, 1 ♀, D. Haucklgt., P. Kmentdet. ( NHMW).   VIETNAM: Cao Bang Province: Phia OacNP, 7 kmN to village, [ 22°35′N 105°53′E],  28.v.2014, light trap, 2 ♂ 2 ♀( NMNS ENT 7399-646, 668, 877, 879), M. L. Jenglgt., J.-F. Tsaidet. as  A. yunnanensis, P. Kmentrevid. ( NMNS).   Redescription. Colouration( Figs 1–4). Head above and below, thorax ventrally, abdominal tergites V (medially) and VI–VIII (completely), and sternites, and pygophore posteroventrally black; pronotum, scutellum and hemelytra dark brown with mosaic of smaller to larger, irregular, yellowish- to orange-ochraceous callosities (largest callosity on corium at the end of median furrow). Lateral margin of pronotum (narrowly), costal margin of corium anteriad of connexivum, posterolateral margin of metapleuron, and connexivum ventraly largely orangeochraceous (connexival segments along margins narrowly black). Most of femora, tibiae, tarsi, and antennomeres I to III dark brown. Distiflagellum (IV) and labium yellowish. Coxae, trochanters, bases of femora, and basal portion of pygophore yellowish brown. Membrane dark brown, translucent. Thoracic pleura (outside evaporatorium), especially on acetabula, with variable distribution of yellowish callosities. Peritremal surface ochraceous.Abdominal tergites I–IV completely and V laterally brownish. Round fields surrounding abdominal trichobothria very small, brown, not much contrasting with their black surroundings.  Integument and vestiture.Body dorsally matt, ventrally shining. Body above (including inner portion of corium) covered with dense, coarse, black punctures, disc of pronotum (posteromedially) and scutellum (anteriorly) with fine transverse wrinkles; head underside and thoracic sterna with dense, coarse punctures; surface of abdominal sternites smooth with fine punctures. Body mostly glabrous (see generic redescription).   Structure.Head( Figs 6–8) slightly shorter than wide (across eyes), head length to width ratio 0.82–0.90. Mandibular plates with lateral margins strongly insinuate in front of eyes above small antenniferous tubercle, parallel-sided in about their midlength, and rather regularly rounded anteriad; apical incision in front of clypeus Vshaped; lateral margins of mandibular plates slightly raised, more prominent laterally than apically. Antennomeres from shortest to longest: I <IIa <IV <IIb <III. Scape (I) about reaching apex of head; basipedicellite IIa distinctly (1.70–2.66×) longer than scape (I), only slightly shorter than IIb (length of IIa: IIb ratio: 1.03–1.63×). Labiomeres from shortest to longest (n = 1): IV ( 1.32 mm) <I ( 1.52 mm) <III ( 1.96 mm) <II ( 2.21 mm). Labium reaching between mesocoxae or slightly beyond.  Pronotum( Figs 1, 3). Lateral tooth on anterolateral angles larger, directed laterad. Lateral pronotal margin anteriorly only minutely crenulate. Humeri rectangular, slightly surpassing laterad over base of corium. Posterior margin slightly concave.  Scutellum( Figs 1, 3). Disc of scutellum convex in prefrenal portion, its postfrenal portion flat, only slightly raised medially, apex narrowly rounded.  Hemelytra( Figs 1, 3). Costal margin of corium slightly more insinuated basally.  Thorax.Ostiole large, oval, opening posteriad; median furrow short and wide, not apparent in apical half of peritreme length ( Fig. 16). Metasternum wide ( Fig. 24).  Male genitalia.Genital capsule ( Figs 37–41) nearly quadrangular in dorsal/ventral view, longer than wide. Ventral rim with double shallow insinuation submedially, posterolateral projections not prominent ( Fig. 41); ventral rim infolding wide, semi-circular, biconcave, slightly raised medially ( Figs 37–39). Ventral margin of genital capsule produced ventrally (see in lateral view, Figs 28, 40). Superior processes of dorsal rim subquadrate ( Figs 37–39, 43). Parameral socket open ( Fig. 38: ps). Proctiger trapezoid, laterally constricted about its midlength ( Figs 37, 42). Paramere ( Figs 44–53) with basal process (bp) foliaceous, roughly semicircular, apically with short row of long setae ( Figs 44, 47–48, 51); apical process (ap) triangular, more pointed apically ( Figs 44, 46–47, 49, 52–53); mesal angle of stem with an additional lamellate projection ( Figs 44, 46–47, 50–51). Phallus ( Figs 54–59): A pair of dorsal conjunctival processes, transversely placed and ending in sclerotised processes ( Figs 57, 59); median penial plates or processes of aedeagus (pa) fused basally, outer margins broadly and thickly sclerotized, encircling short, curved aedeagus ( Fig. 59: ad).  Female genitalia( Figs 29–30, 33). Laterotergite VIII (lt 8) subtriangular. Laterotergites IX (lt9) widely rounded apically, not touching each other medially, segment X visible ( Figs 29–30). Valvifers VIII (vf8) quadrant with median margins juxtaposed and dorsal margins slightly convex ( Figs 29–30). Valvifers IX (vf9) fused, medially with impressed median fusion line. Ring sclerites drop-shaped, narrowly sclerotized ( Fig. 33: rs). Spermatheca: dilation long, narrow in the examined specimen ( Fig. 33: dil), distal invagination (‘sclerotized rod’; Fig. 33: div) distinctly broadened distally, subparallel in most of its length, basally straight and slightly broadened, distal flange tightly attached to apical receptacle ( Fig. 33: df); apical receptacle subhemispherical ( Figs 33: ar) with one long projection directed proximad and far surpassing proximal flange (pf), and three short processes of various orientation, not surpassing distal flange.  Measurements.See Table 2.  Variation.Among the specimens examined there is distinct variability in the following characters: Colouration: Dorsal connexival segments orange-ochraceous with concolorous punctures ( Fig. 1) to dull ochraceous with dense black punctures ( Fig. 3); antennomeres I basally, IIa basally and in middle, III basally and apically, and tarsomeres I and II dorsally ochraceous; lateral margin of pronotum (including anterolateral angle or not) dark, concolorous with surrounding surface ( Fig. 4); small circles around trichobothria yellowish, more contrasting with surrounding surface; femora brown or blackish brown ( Figs 2, 4). Distribution of callosities on body, e.g. abdominal ventrites with yellowish callosities or completely black. Mandibular plates meeting in front of clypeus ( Fig. 6) or not, leaving apex of clypeus free ( Fig. 7). Length of antennomeres (see Table 2) and their ratios, from shortest to longest: I <IV <IIa <IIb <III ( 2 specimens), I <IIa <IIb <IV <III ( 1 specimen), I <IIa = IV <IIb <III ( 1 specimen), I <IIa <IV <III <IIb ( 2 specimens). Ventral rim infolding of genital capsule medially with slightly raised keel ( Fig. 37) or the keel is indistinct ( Fig. 38). Apical process and lamellate projection of mesal angle of paramere slightly different in shape (cf. Figs 44–46, 50, 52versus 47–49, 51, 53).   Differential diagnosis.See key to species and Table 3. This species is easy to identify due to the wide yellow or orange stripe ventrally on connexivum.   Distribution( Fig. 139). Bangladesh( Stål 1876; Atkinson 1888; Distant 1902); Cambodia(new record); China: Fujian( Zhang & Lin 1985: ‘Sha County, Jianyang’; Rider et al.2002), Guangxi( Fan 2011[unpubl.]; new record), Jiangxi( Zhang & Lin 1985: ‘Xunwu, Guizhumao’, 1986; Zhang 1994; Li et al.2008), Tibet(new record); Yunnan( Lin & Zhang 1984; Jiang 1985, both as  A. yunnanensis); India: Assam( Distant 1902, without exact locality); Laos(new record); Thailand(new record); Vietnam( Hoàng & Đăng 2013). The Distant’s (1902)record from Assammay refer also to other Indian states later separated from the original territory of Assam.  Taxonomy.Zhang & Lin in Lin & Zhang (1984)described a new species,  A. yunnanesisfrom Yunnan, distinguishing it from  A. limbatus. The description was written in Chinese with only a short English summary. By the courtesy of D. Rédei, we provide here translation of the original description: ‘Female body length 23 mm, width 13 mm, humeral width 11 mm. Oval, ground colour blackish brown, with orange marmorated spots, finely and densely punctured. Mandibular plates longer than clypeus, anteriorly separated and forming a V-shaped interspace, lateral margin turned upwards; compound eyes black, ocelli pale yellowish. Antennomeres III, IV lacking; the bases and tips of the remaining antennomeres provided with a small protrusion on their outer sides, antennomeres I–IIb dark brown, bases and tips of each segments pale, lengths as 1.09, 3.00, 3.46 mm, antennomeres IIa–IIb pilose. Labium yellowish brown, reaching slightly before mesocoxae. Pronotum and basal half of scutellum with several irregular rugosities. Anterior margin of pronotum elevated at middle, anterior angle orange brown, tip sharp and directed outwards, anterolateral margin narrowly protruding, concave close to its middle; humeral angle slightly protruding, apex rounded, with crescent-shaped orange line, margin of callar area smooth, edge with several small, scattered, orange spots; pro- and mesosternum with low and narrow median carina, metasternum flat. Legs black, coxae, bases of femora, and tarsi yellowish brown. Scutellum with several small, marmorate, orange spots. Corium with several irregular orange markings, anterior margin marked with orange at base, slightly turned upwards; membrane blackish brown, not surpassing apex of abdomen. Connexivum exposed. Abdominal venter pitch-black, slightly shiny, densely and finely punctured, lateral margin of each segment with a broad orange band. Female terminalia in ventral view as in fig. 4. Similar to  A. limbatus, but the latter is somewhat smaller, not surpassing 21 mmin length, dorsum decorated with fine, marmorate, orange markings, ventrally also with such fine, marmorate, orange markings, all femora and tibiae yellowish brown, labium reaching between mid coxae.’ ( Lin & Zhang 1984). The English abstract by Lin & Zhang (1984)says that the labium reaches ‘beyond the middle of coxae’, however, the Chinese text clearly states that it extends to the area slightly anteriad of mesocoxae (D. Rédei, pers. comm.). All the characters distinguishing between  A. limbatusand  A. yunnanensisprovided by Lin & Zhang (1984)and observed on the photographs of the holotypeof  A. yunnanensisfits within the variability of  A. limbatusas observed in our study. Therefore, we consider  A. yunnanensisas junior subjective synonym of  A. limbatus. The observed differences in structure of pygophore and paramere seems rather minor and we prefer to treat  A. limbatusas single though variable species. 3083795312 [364,518,419,443] NHRS Bangladesh Silhet 14 524 1 1 Sylhet holotype 3083795320 [151,1139,1010,1039] Bangladesh 24.9 Silhet 1249 91.86667 14 524 1 Sylhet holotype 3083795314 China Cangyuan Va Autonomous County 23.15 Cangyuan Va Autonomous County 1257 99.23333 14 524 1 Yunnan holotype 3083795361 1980-07-19 IZAS The & D. Redei. China Cang-yuan County 675 Cang-yuan County 14 524 1 1 Yunnan holotype 3083795349 2008-06-16 2008-06-17 2008-06-16 NMPC Murzin Cambodia P. Kment 200 12.866667 Pailin 1292 102.6 14 524 1 1 Pailin 3083795336 2000-06-05 IZAS, NKUM HflLj & W. - Z. Li China Fan 550 21.7 Tongzhong village 1262 108.35 Fangchenggang 14 524 1 1 Guangxi 3083795354 2017-06 NMPC, MRCS China 28.487778 Xiachayu 20 97.02278 Chanyu 14 524 6 6 Xizang 3083795337 2013-06-13 2013-07-06 2013-06-13 NHMW, NMPC Holzschuh & Acq. Nr. Laos Ban Saleui P. Kment 1600 20.2 Mt. 1268 104.01667 Phou Pan 14 524 14 8 6 Houa Phan Province 3083795362 2012-06-01 2012-06-24 2012-06-01 NMPC Vit Kuban & Lao Laos P. Kment 1605 Phou Pane Mt. 104.01667 Ban Saluey 14 524 1 1 3083795309 2010-06-10 2010-06-21 2010-06-10 NMPC S. Jakl & Lao Laos P. Kment 1150 20.2 Phu Pane Mt. 1268 103.833336 14 524 1 1 3083795302 2016-04 MRCS Laos P. Kment Phu Phan Mt. 14 524 1 1 3083795305 1999-04-24 1999-05-16 1999-04-24 V, MMBC Kuban Laos P. Kment 1200 Ban Song Cha 102.23333 14 524 1 1 Louang Phrabang Province 3083795318 2003-05-28 2003-06-30 2003-05-28 MMBC Pacholatko Laos P. Kment 1500 Phongsaly Province 14 524 2 2 Phongsali 3083795324 1999-05-11 1999-05-15 1999-05-11 NHMW Hauck Thailand P. Kment 1300 16.883333 Phu Kradung 1280 101.78333 14 524 1 1 Loei 3083795341 2014-05-28 NMNS Vietnam 22.583334 Phia Oac 1259 105.88333 14 524 ENT 7399-646, 668, 877, 879 4 2 2 Cao Bang 3083795328 NMNS Vietnam J. - F. Tsai Jeng 14 524 1