M. harmsworthi Murray (Murray & Wailes 1913) Macrobiotus harmsworthi Murray. ( Heinis 1914 ) Macrobiotus harmsworthi J. Murray 1907 Macrobiotus harmsworthi J. Murr., 1907 Ramazzotti 1962a Ramazzotti 1964a Macrobiotus harmsworthi J. Murr. ( Iharos 1963 ) M. harmsworthi M. harmsworthi Murray, 1907 ( Claps & Rossi 1988 ) Macrobiotus harmsworthi Murray, 1907 M. harmsworthi Murray ( Claps & Rossi 1997 ) Macrobiotus cf. harmsworthi ( Nickel et al. 2001 ) Macrobiotus harmsworthi Murray 1907 Macrobiotus harmsworthi richtersi Terra typica : Franz Joseph Land Libocedrus chilensis obliqua Nothofagus Nothofagus Araucaria araucana Nothofagus obliqua N. dombeyi Ramazzotti (1962a) Araucaria araucana Nothofagus obliqua N. dombeyi Ramazzotti (1962a) Araucaria Ramazzotti (1964a) Pinus patula Lyperodon tomentosus Campylopus densicoma var. densicoma Sematophyllum insularum Sphagnum Frullania longicolla Taxilejeunea prominata (Gottsche)) Annotated zoogeography of non-marine Tardigrada. Part II: South America Kaczmarek, Łukasz Michalczyk, Łukasz Mcinnes, Sandra J. Zootaxa 2015 3923 1 1 107 Murray, 1907 Murray 1907 [207,693,151,176] Heterotardigrada Macrobiotidae Macrobiotus Animalia Parachela 65 66 Tardigrada species harmsworthi    Makrobiotus harmsworthiMurray? ( Richters 1911a)    M. harmsworthi Murray (Murray & Wailes 1913)   Macrobiotus harmsworthiMurray. ( Heinis 1914)   Macrobiotus harmsworthiJ. Murray 1907(du Bois-Reymond Marcus 1944, Garitano-Zavala 1995)  Macrobiotus harmsworthiJ. Murr., 1907(  Ramazzotti 1962a,  Ramazzotti 1964a)  Macrobiotus harmsworthiJ. Murr. ( Iharos 1963)   M. harmsworthi( Mihelčič 1972, Garitano-Zavala 1996)   M. harmsworthiMurray, 1907 ( Claps & Rossi 1988)   Macrobiotus harmsworthiMurray, 1907( Maucci 1988, Jerez & Narváez 2001)  M. harmsworthiMurray ( Claps & Rossi 1997)   Macrobiotuscf. harmsworthi( Nickel et al.2001)   Macrobiotus harmsworthiMurray 1907( Rahm 1931, 1932)   Macrobiotus harmsworthi/ richtersi( Montoya et al.2010)    Terra typica: Franz Joseph Land( Russia, Barrents Sea)   Argentina:  • 27°57′S, 58°48′W; 50 masl:Corrientes Province, Empedrado, Paraje Sombrerito, lichen on power pole (2 samples).  Claps & Rossi (1988)  • 41°59′S, 71°31′W; 400 masl: Rio Negro Province, El Bolsón, foot of Piltriquitron Mt., mosses on rocks in shaded  Libocedrus chilensis-Lomatia obliquaforest.  Iharos (1963)  • 50°06′S, 73°18′W; 200 masl: Santa Cruz Province, Los Glaciares National Park, shores of ArgentinoLake, near the Onelli glacier,  Nothofagusforests, in the shade, mosses and lichens on trees and rocks.  Maucci (1988)  • 50°28′S, 73°01′W; 300 masl: Santa Cruz province, Los Glaciares National Park, shores of Lake Argentino, near the Perito Moreno glacier,  Nothofagusforest, in the shade, mosses.  Maucci (1988)  •Undefined localities cited according Mihelčič (1967), dry mosses and lichens on soil in full sun.  Mihelčič (1972)   Bolivia:  • 14°49′S, 69°04′W;  11–12,000 ftasl/ 3,350–3,650 masl: La Paz Department, Pelechuco.  Murray & Wailes (1913)  •  16°20′S, 68°23′W; 4,650–4,700masl: La Paz Department, Cordillera de la Real de los Andes, La Cumbre, subnival floor, cushion moss.  Garitano-Zavala (1995, 1996)  •  16°18′S, 68°17′W; 4,300–4,400 masl: La Paz Department, Cordillera de la Real de los Andes, Wila Kunka, high Andean floor, cushion moss.  Garitano-Zavala (1995, 1996)  •  16°13′S, 68°13′W; 4,550–4,700 masl: La Paz Department, Cordillera de la Real de los Andes, Tuni, subnival floor, cushion moss.  Garitano-Zavala (1995, 1996)  •  16°11′S, 68°35′W; 3,680–4,000 masl: La Paz Department, Cordillera de la Real de los Andes, Huarina, moorland floor, cushion moss.  Garitano-Zavala (1995, 1996)   Brazil:  • 22°44′S, 45°35′W; 1,650 masl: São Paulo State, Campos do Jordão, mosses or aquatic plants. du Bois-Reymond Marcus (1944)  • 23°33′S, 46°38′W; 750 masl: São Paulo State, São Paulo, mosses on wood. du Bois-Reymond Marcus (1944)  • 25°26′S, 49°16′W; 900 masl: Paraná State, Curitiba, mosses or aquatic plants. du Bois-Reymond Marcus (1944)   Chile:  •  30°25′S– 37°45′S[ 30°40′S, 71°41′W];  620 masl: Region IV Coquimbo (Región de Coquimbo), Bosque de Fray Jorge National Park, Fray Jorge, 420 kmon north of Santiago de Chile, mosses and lichens on temperate rainforest, surrounded by steppe and mixed rainforest with  Araucaria araucana, Nothofagus obliquaand  N. dombeyi.   Ramazzotti (1962a)  •  30°25′S– 37°45′S[ 37°43′S, 73°02′W];  1,500 masl: Undefined locality in Region IX Araucania (Región de la Araucanía), Cordillera Nahuelbuta on south of Concepción, mosses and lichens on temperate rainforest, surrounded by steppe and mixed rainforest with  Araucaria araucana, Nothofagus obliquaand  N. dombeyi.   Ramazzotti (1962a)  • 37°43′S, 73°02′W;  1,100 masl: Undefined locality in Region VIII Region IX Araucania (Región de la Araucanía), Cordillera Nahuelbuta, lichens on tree (  Araucariasp.).   Ramazzotti (1964a)  • 39°52′S, 73°23′W; 100 masl: Region XIV Los Ríos (Región de Los Ríos), neighbourhood of Valdivia-Niebla, mosses and algae.  Rahm (1931, 1932)   Colombia:  • 07°07′N, 73°02′W;  1,850–2,010 masl: Santander Department, El Diviso Natural Reserve, Cypress forest ( Cupresus lusitanica), Pine forest (  Pinus patula) and secondary forest, mosses (  Lyperodon tomentosus, Campylopus densicoma var. densicomaand  Sematophyllum insularum).  Jerez & Narváez (2001)  • 05°12′N, 74°44′W; 200 masl: Tolima Department, Honda near Magdalena River, moss.  Richters (1911a)  • 04°35′N, 74°02′W;  3,300 masl: Bogota Department, Páramo Cruz Verde, moss (  Sphagnumsp.) mud.  Heinis (1914)  • 04°24′N, 76°12′W; 1,600 masl: Valle del Cauca Department, El Canon near El Aguacate, hepatics (  Frullania longicollaL. & G. and  Taxilejeunea prominata(Gottsche)).  Heinis (1914)   Peru:  • 15°29′S, 70°08′W;  13,000 ftasl/ 3,850 masl: Puno Region, Juliaca.  Murray & Wailes (1913)  •  13°04′48′′S, 72°18′00′′W; 2,350 masl[ 13 °10′S, 72 °33′W; 2,500 masl]: Cusco Region, Machu Picchu, mosses or lichens.  Nickel et al. (2001)   Uruguay:  • 30°15′S, 57°36′W; 50 masl: Artigas Department, Bella Unión, mosses or lichens on rocks, trees or posts or aquatic macrophytes.  Claps & Rossi (1997)  • 31°03′S, 57°38′W; 50 masl: Salto Department, Arroyo Palomas, mosses or lichens on rocks, trees or posts or aquatic macrophytes.  Claps & Rossi (1997)  • 31°20′S, 57°51′W; 50 masl: Salto Department, Arroyo San Antônio de Chico, mosses or lichens on rocks, trees or posts or aquatic macrophytes.  Claps & Rossi (1997)  • 34°10′S, 55°49′W; 50 masl: Florida Department, Arroyo San Juan, mosses or lichens on rocks, trees or posts or aquatic macrophytes.  Claps & Rossi (1997)  • 34°25′S, 57°44′W; 50 masl: Colonia Department, Riachuelo, mosses or lichens on rocks, trees or posts or aquatic macrophytes.  Claps & Rossi (1997)   Venezuela:  • 08°46′N, 70°49′W;  4,300 masl: Region Los Andes, Mérida, Mucuñuque Mt., moss.  Montoya et al. (2010)  • 08°45′N, 70°49′W;  4,450 masl: Region Los Andes, Mérida, Mucuñuque Mt., surface samples from peat bog.  Montoya et al. (2010)  Record numbers: Argentina: 5, Bolivia: 5, Brazil: 3, Chile: 4, Colombia: 4, Peru: 2, Uruguay: 5, Venezuela: 2; total: 30.   Remarks:  Macrobiotus harmsworthi sensulatois thought to have a cosmopolitan distribution ( McInnes 1994a). However, we think the presence of  M. harmsworthi sensustrictoin South Americashould be considered dubious. Originally described from Zemlya Frantsa-Iosifa in Arctic Russia,  M. harmsworthiis now considered a species group with a number of very similar species (all requiring careful taxonomic analysis of adults and egg morphology—see Kaczmarek et al.2011for diagnostic key). This is particularly emphasised by the presence of other group members reported from this region ( e.g. M. coronatus, M. erminiaeetc.). Montoya et al.(2010)examined only egg shell remains from sediments, thus those records are doubtful.