Nisitrus musicus Ingrisch, 1987: 178 Nisitrus musicus Tan et al. 2019: 303 Orthoptera Revision of the cricket genus Nisitrus Saussure (Orthoptera: Gryllidae: Eneopterinae) and descriptions of five new species Tan, Ming Kai Wahab, Rodzay bin Haji Abdul Japir, Razy Chung, Authur Y. C. Robillard, Tony European Journal of Taxonomy 2021 2021-07-28 761 1 1 75  Tan et al. 2019: 303  47J5C 2789842 Ingrisch, 1987 Ingrisch 1987 [604,984,265,291] Insecta Gryllidae Nisitrus Animalia Orthoptera 57 58 Arthropoda species musicus   Figs 5, 7F, 9B, 10G, 11G, 12G, 13F, 14G, 16F, 17L–M, 26, 28; Tables 1–2, 9      Nisitrus musicus Ingrisch, 1987: 178.    Nisitrus musicus–  Tan et al.2019: 303. — Cigliano et al.2020( OrthopteraSpecies File Online).   Diagnosis(revised from Ingrisch, 1987) Frons whitish with a black stripe between eyes and black mouthparts; femora reddish brown with a black stripe dorsally; male genitalia with pseudepiphallus slenderer than in congeners. This species is most similar to  N. danum sp. nov., also from Borneo, from which it differs by mouthparts black (instead of yellow), FIIIs black dorsally and female papilla. While this species is restricted to the highlands in the Kinabalu range,  N. danum sp. nov.occurs in the Danum Valley and Tawau Hill areas at the east of Sabah. It is also similar to  N. vittatus,  N. crucius sp. nov.and  N. malaya sp. nov., from which it differs by slightly larger and slenderer habitus, frons whitish with black front head and mouthparts, FIIIs with a black pattern dorsally, and slenderer pseudepiphallus.    Material examined   Holotype   MALAYSIA–  Sabah• ♂; Mount Kinabalu; 6°07′16.09″ N, 116°35′46.86″ E;  1000–1800 ma.s.l.;  5–7 Aug. 1984; S. Ingrischleg.; SMFD.   Paratype   MALAYSIA–  Sabah• 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; SMFD.  Additional specimens   MALAYSIA–  Sabah• 6 ♂♂; Mount Kinabalu Mesilau Trail; 6°02′37.74″ N, 116°35′46.30″ E;  5000 fta.s.l.;  13–15 Mar. 1964; S. Kueh( Royal Society Expedition) leg.; NHMUK•  1 ♀; Mount Kinabalu Mesilau Trail; 6°02′37.74″ N, 116°35′46.30″ E;  15 Feb. 1964; Royal Society Expeditionleg.; NHMUK 012497572•  3 ♂♂; Mount Kinabalu; 6°02′37.74″ N, 116°35′46.30″ E;  20 Mar. 1964; S. Kueh( Royal Society Expedition) leg.; NHMUK•  1 ♂; west of 3.1 kmon Road Tenom Keningau, depleted lowland forest; 5°15′39.17″ N, 115°58′30.22″ E;  240 ma.s.l.;  25 Jun. 1986; J. Huismanleg.; RMNH•  2 ♀♀; Tenompok 30 mileseast of Jesselton; 6°00′10.40″ N, 116°31′45.20″ E;  1460 ma.s.l.;  17–21 Oct. 1958; T.C. Maaleg.; BPBM•  2 ♂♂; same collection data as for preceding; BPBM•  2 ♂♂; west coast Residency, Kundasan; 5°57′37.51″ N, 116°33′18.03″ E;  1240 ma.s.l.;  15 Oct. 1958; T.C. Maaleg.; BPBM•  4 ♂♂; southern part of Kinabalu National Park; 5°59′50.78″ N, 116°33′39.77″ E; ~  1500–2000 ma.s.l.;  26 Apr.– 1 May 2013; A. Gorochov, M. Berezin, V. Gorochovaand E. Tkatshevaleg.; PII: N52; ZIN•  3 ♀♀; same collection data as for preceding; ZIN•  5 ♂♂; Mount Trus Madi; 5°33′53.94″ N, 116°30′11.31″ E; ~  1000 ma.s.l.;  13–25 May 2007; A.V. Gorochovleg.; PIII: N37 Nmu3; ZIN•  2 ♀♀; same collection data as for preceding; ZIN•  2 ♂♂; Mount Kinabalu; 6°07′16.09″ N, 116°35′46.86″ E; J. Zhangleg.; MNHN•  1 ♂; same locality data as for preceding;  Dec. 2018; J. Zhangleg.; PII: N48; MNHN-EO- ENSIF11070•  3 ♀♀; same locality data as for preceding; J. Zhangleg.; MNHN•  2 ♀♀; Tenompok near Kinabalu; 6°00′10.40″ N, 116°31′45.20″ E;  4500 fta.s.l.;  18 Mar. 1929; H.M. Pendleburyleg.; identified as  Nisitra vittataby L. Chopard; MNHN-EO-ENSIF1738, MNHN-EO-ENSIF1743•  1 ♀; “ Crocker Range National Park not far from Keningau Town, secondary-primary forest”; 5°28′07.79″ N, 116°04′22.95″ E;  1000–1300 ma.s.l.;  6 May 2013; A. Gorochov, M. Berezin, V. Gorochovaand E. Tkatshevaleg.; N29-NboG2; ZIN•  1 ♀; Kinabalu Park, Ranau; 6°0′22.0″ N, 116°32′33.5″ E;  3 Aug. 2018; lhurteauleg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/15440494•  1 ♀; Ranau, Kinabalu Park World Heritage Site; 6°10′18.9″ N, 116°43′45.9″ E;  10 Mar. 2018; rbeunenleg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/18843361•  1 ♂; Kinabalu Park, Kota Belud; 6°3′24.8″ N, 116°33′58.7″ E;  1 Aug. 2019; a1virginialeg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/30690023•  1 ♀; Kota Belud District; 6°0′49.0″ N, 116°30′35.3″ E;  28 Jun. 2019; paulsullivan25 leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/27783166•  1 juvenile; Tambunan; 5°45′11.5″ N, 116°30′0.6″ E;  24 Jun. 2019; paulsullivan25leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/28232546•  1 ♂; Crocker Range, 89300 Tambunan; 5°45′0″ N, 116°30′0″ E;  24 Jun. 2019; paulsullivan25leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/28232543•  1 ♀; Tambunan; 5°45′10.9″ N, 116°30′1.9″ E;  24 Jun. 2019; paulsullivan25leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/28232551•  1 juvenile; 89300 Ranau; 6°12′26.5″ N, 116°38′27.2″ E;  2 Aug. 2019; a1virginialeg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/30808860•  1 ♀; Kinabalu Park, Ranau; 6°0′19.4″ N, 116°32′36.4″ E;  25 Oct. 2019; twan3253leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/35365957•  1 juvenile; Tambunan; 5°45′58.3″ N, 116°20′32.9″ E;  31 Dec. 2019; F. Jarvisleg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/37398325•  1 ♂; Kinabalu Park, Ranau; 6°0′31.1″ N, 116°32′34.2″ E;  23 Nov. 2016; K. O’Brienleg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/42450618•  around 20 individuals; Kinabalu Park, Ranau; 6°0′22.9″ N, 116°32′38.6″ E;  23 Nov. 2016; K. O’Brienleg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/42450617•  2 ♀♀; Kundasang; 6°0′27.0″ N, 116°32′1. 3″ E;  1 Feb. 2017; V. Volkovaleg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/51690441•  1 ♀; Kinabalu Park, Ranau; 6°1′45.5″ N, 116°32′49.1″ E;  4 Jan. 2020; F. Jarvisleg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/37711505•  1 ♀; Ranau; 6°1′36.8″ N, 116°36′11.1″ E;  4 Jul. 2020; M. Haffiszul Mohd Saidleg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/51878361•  1 ♀; Kinabalu Park, Ranau; 6°1′38.3″ N, 116°36′11.2″ E;  4 Jul. 2020; tanuki18leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/52011854•  1 ♀; Kinabalu Park, Kota Belud; 6°1′36.7″ N, 116°32′51.8″ E;  13 Mar. 2019; D. Shawleg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/23278330.   Additional description(after Ingrisch 1987)  Male GENITALIA ( Fig. 16F). Pseudepiphallus very slender and elongated, distinctly longer than wide, anterior and anterior margins gently concave. Pseudepiphallic lophi slightly longer than wide (at base), subacute and slightly folded dorsally at apex, sclerotized laterally only, widely spaced apart from each other. Rami straight, swollen preapically, slightly diverging. Pseudepiphallic parameres narrow, diverging posteriorly, their basal sclerite short and narrow. Ectophallic lateral sclerites appearing rounded. Ectophallic apodemes straight and parallel. Endophallic sclerite elongated, its posterior lateral arms short.  Female GENITALIA. Copulatory papilla conical, smaller and stout; apex folded ventrally, elongated, pointed; dorsal face with a weakly sclerotized area; at ventro-anterior end a narrow oblong rim ( Fig. 17L–M).  Juvenile( Fig. 28D–E) Similar to adults in colour patterns, but younger instars differ by pronotal disk grey with dark longitudinal stripes, lateral lobes with a grey longitudinal stripe slightly ventral of the dorsal-third, sometimes in femora with white dorsal stripe, FIII with a white dorsal stripe at basal half. Legs darker in older instars, similar to adults.  Measurements See Table 9.    Ecology Adult and nymphal individuals have been observed to aggregate in large number (~20 individuals) on the same plant ( Fig. 28E).    Distribution Borneo (Mount Kinabalu, Trus Madi, Tenompok, Tenom Keningau in Sabah) ( Fig. 5).    Type locality Borneo: Sabah: Mount Kinabalu.   Calling song(n = 1 male, 9 echemes, MNHN-SO-2020-2857) The calling song consists of long homogeneous bouts formed of very short echemes consisting of doublets of syllables; echeme duration is 29.7 ± 1.1 ms (28.4–31.3 ms); echeme period is 72.2± 2.1 ms (69.8– 76.8 ms); downtime between consecutive echemes is 42.5 ± 2.2 ms (39.4–45.9 ms). Duration for first and second syllables of the doublets are as follows: 7.5± 0.6 ms (6.6–8.1 ms) and 18.7± 1.5 ms (15.8–20.5 ms); with second syllable usually with greater amplitude than the first. The song spectrum consists of a series of harmonics, with two main peaks in the first two harmonics: first harmonic (fundamental frequency) which is also the dominant frequency peaks at 5.46 ±0.03 (5.42–5.51) kHz; second harmonic peaking at 10.93± 0.04 (10.88–11.02) kHz. 3333037804 1984-08-05 1984-08-07 1984-08-05 SMFD S. Ingrisch Malaysia 1400 6.121136 Mount Kinabalu 1 116.59635 57 58 1 1 Sabah holotype 3333037653 [189,1065,1079,1106] 1984-08-05 1984-08-07 1984-08-05 SMFD S. Ingrisch Malaysia 1400 6.121136 Sabah 1 116.59635 57 58 1 1 Sabah paratype 3333037746 1964-03-13 1964-03-15 1964-03-13 NHMUK S. Kueh & Royal Society Expedition Malaysia 1524 6.0438166 Mount Kinabalu Mesilau Trail 1 116.5962 57 58 6 6 Sabah 3333037501 1964-02-15 NHMUK Royal Society Expedition Malaysia 6.0438166 Mount Kinabalu Mesilau Trail 1 116.5962 57 58 NHMUK 012497572 1 1 Sabah 3333037606 1964-03-20 NHMUK S. Kueh & Royal Society Expedition Malaysia 6.0438166 Mount Kinabalu 1 116.5962 57 58 3 3 Sabah 3333037595 1986-06-25 RMNH J. Huisman Malaysia 240 5.2608805 depleted lowland forest 1 115.97506 57 58 1 1 Sabah 3333037495 1958-10-17 1958-10-21 1958-10-17 BPBM T. C. Maa Malaysia 1460 6.0028887 Jesselton 1 116.52923 Tenompok 57 58 2 2 Sabah 3333037660 [459,1051,1429,1456] 1958-10-17 1958-10-21 1958-10-17 BPBM T. C. Maa Malaysia 1460 6.0028887 Jesselton 1 116.52923 Tenompok 57 58 2 2 Sabah 3333037585 1958-10-15 BPBM T. C. Maa Malaysia 1240 5.960419 Kundasan 1 116.55501 Residency 57 58 2 2 Sabah 3333037682 2013-04-26 2013-05-01 2013-04-26 ZIN A. Gorochov & M. Berezin & V. Gorochova & E. Tkatsheva Malaysia 1750 5.997439 Kinabalu National Park 1 116.56105 57 58 4 4 Sabah 3333037801 2013-04-26 2013-05-01 2013-04-26 ZIN A. Gorochov & M. Berezin & V. Gorochova & E. Tkatsheva Malaysia 1750 5.997439 Kinabalu National Park 1 116.56105 57 58 3 3 Sabah 3333037630 2007-05-13 2007-05-25 2007-05-13 ZIN A. V. Gorochov Malaysia 1000 5.5649834 Mount Trus Madi 1 116.50314 57 58 5 5 Sabah 3333037671 2007-05-13 2007-05-25 2007-05-13 ZIN A. V. Gorochov & Nmu Malaysia 1000 5.5649834 Mount Trus Madi 1 116.50314 57 58 2 2 Sabah 3333037394 MNHN J. Zhang Malaysia 6.121136 Mount Kinabalu 1 116.59635 57 58 2 2 Sabah 3333037661 2018-12 MNHN J. Zhang Malaysia 6.121136 Mount Kinabalu 1 116.59635 57 58 MNHN-EO- ENSIF11070 1 1 Sabah 3333037354 [373,1159,1714,1740] 2018-12 MNHN J. Zhang Malaysia 6.121136 Mount Kinabalu 1 116.59635 57 58 3 3 Sabah 3333037689 1929-03-18 MNHN-EO-ENSIF H. M. Pendlebury & L. Chopard Malaysia 1372 6.0028887 Kinabalu 1 116.52923 Tenompok 57 58 MNHN-EO-ENSIF1738, MNHN-EO-ENSIF1743 2 2 Sabah 3333037481 2013-05-06 ZIN A. Gorochov & M. Berezin & V. Gorochova & E. Tkatsheva Malaysia 1150 5.4688306 secondary-primary forest 1 116.073044 Crocker Range National Park 57 58 N29-NboG2 1 1 Sabah 3333037546 2018-08-03 lhurteau Malaysia 6.006111 Ranau 1 116.54264 Kinabalu Park 57 58 1 1 Sabah 3333037802 2018-03-10 rbeunen Malaysia 6.1719165 Kinabalu Park World Heritage Site 1 116.729416 Ranau 57 58 1 1 Sabah 3333037406 2019-08-01 a 1 virginia Malaysia 58 59 6.056889 Kota Belud 1 116.56631 Kinabalu Park 57 58 1 1 Sabah 3333037670 2019-06-28 Malaysia 6.0136113 Kota Belud District 1 116.5098 58 59 1 1 Sabah 3333037488 2019-06-24 paulsullivan 25 Malaysia 5.7531943 Tambunan 1 116.50017 58 59 1 1 Sabah 3333037809 2019-06-24 paulsullivan 25 Malaysia 5.75 Tambunan 21 116.5 Crocker Range 58 59 1 1 Sabah 3333037565 2019-06-24 paulsullivan 25 Malaysia 5.753028 Tambunan 1 116.50053 58 59 1 1 Sabah 3333037676 2019-08-02 a 1 virginia Malaysia 6.2073607 Ranau 1 116.640884 58 59 1 1 Sabah 3333037656 2019-10-25 twan 3253 Malaysia 6.0053887 Ranau 1 116.54344 Kinabalu Park 58 59 1 1 Sabah 3333037567 2019-12-31 F. Jarvis Malaysia 5.7661943 Tambunan 1 116.342476 58 59 1 1 Sabah 3333037770 2016-11-23 K. O'Brien Malaysia 6.008639 Ranau 1 116.54283 Kinabalu Park 58 59 1 1 Sabah 3333037795 2016-11-23 K. O'Brien Malaysia 6.006361 Ranau 1 116.54405 Kinabalu Park 58 59 1 Sabah 3333037389 2017-02-01 V. Volkova Malaysia 6.0075 Kundasang 1 116.53369 58 59 2 2 Sabah 3333037497 2020-01-04 F. Jarvis Malaysia 6.029306 Ranau 1 116.546974 Kinabalu Park 58 59 1 1 Sabah 3333037760 2020-07-04 M. Haffiszul Mohd Said Malaysia 6.0268893 Ranau 1 116.60308 58 59 1 1 Sabah 3333037436 2020-07-04 tanuki 18 Malaysia 6.0273056 Ranau 1 116.60311 Kinabalu Park 58 59 1 1 Sabah 3333037640 2019-03-13 D. Shaw Malaysia 6.026861 Kota Belud 1 116.54772 Kinabalu Park 58 59 1 1 Sabah