Thirteen new species of Agromyzidae (Diptera) from the United States, with new host and distribution records for 32 additional species
Eiseman, Charles S.
Lonsdale, Owen
Linden, John Van Der
Feldman, Tracy S.
Palmer, Michael W.
Zootaxa
2021
2021-02-17
4931
1
1
68
3VCJP
Spencer
Spencer
[151,462,605,632]
Insecta
Agromyzidae
Liriomyza
Animalia
Diptera
23
24
Arthropoda
species
blechi
( Fig. 73)
Material examined. MASSACHUSETTS: Hampshire Co., Florence, Mill River( 42.336164, -72.679353), 20.viii.2020, em. 3.ix.2020, C.S. Eiseman, ex Mimulus ringens, # CSE6562, BG 1891588 ( 2♀); NEW YORK : Orange Co., Cornwall, Black Rock Forest, 29.viii.2019, em. 10–12.ix.2019, C.S. Eiseman& J.A. Blyth, ex Plantago major, # CSE5898, BG 1881415 ( 1♀); NORTH CAROLINA : Wake Co., Morrisville, Lake Crabtree County Park, 12.vi.2018, em. 30.vi.2018, T. S. Feldman, ex Ruellia caroliniensis, # CSE4709, CNC1144110–1144111(2♁); OKLAHOMA: Payne Co., Mehan, 36.013839°, -96.998103°, 13.vii.2018, em. by 29.vii.2018, M.W. Palmer, ex Ruellia strepens, # CSE4966, CNC1643660(1♁); same collection, em. 16.vii.2018, # CSE4965, CNC934531(1♁). Photographed mines. KANSAS: Riley Co., Konza Prairie Biological Station, 3.vii.2015, C.S. Eiseman, Ruellia humilis; MASSACHUSETTS: Middlesex Co., Lincoln Co., Drumlin Farm, 6.vii.2019, C.S. Eiseman, Plantago major; NORTH CAROLINA: Durham Co., Durham, Bobbitt Holetrail, 28.vi.2015, T. S. Feldman, Plantago rugelii, BG1093459; WISCONSIN: Buffalo Co., Alma, S1287 State Road88, 18.vii.2015, C.S. Eiseman, Plantago rugelii[vacated mines].
Hosts. Acanthaceae: Ruellia blechumL., R. * caroliniensis(J.F.Gmel.) Steud., [ R. humilisNutt.], R. * strepensL.; Boraginaceae: Heliotropium curassavicumL.; Loganiaceae: Spigelia anthelmiaL.; * Phrymaceae: Mimulus ringensL.; Plantaginaceae: Plantago* majorL., P. mediaL. ( Lonsdale 2017a), [ P. rugeliiDecne.], P. virginicaL.; Poaceae: Digitaria sanguinalis(L.) Scop. ( Lonsdale 2017a); Verbenaceae: Phyla nodiflora(L.) Greene ( Eiseman & Lonsdale 2018). Leaf mine.( Fig. 73) According to Spencer & Stegmaier (1973), a number of larvae feed together on Ruellia blechum, “forming a mine primarily along the mid rib with irregular extensions into the leaf blade.” Spencer & Steyskal (1986)described the mine on the same host as “an irregular blotch, normally but not exclusively associated with the midrib or one of the lateral veins.” Eiseman & Lonsdale (2018)described mines on Plantago virginicaas irregular whitish blotches with frass in discrete black grains and occasional small lumps. All mines we have seen on Ruelliaspp. have distinct primary and secondary feeding lines and present a brainlike or intestinelike appearance ( Fig. 73). They likewise have frass in discrete black grains. Mines on Plantagospp. sometimes have similar feeding lines, but much fainter. The two mines found on Mimulus ringenswere both entirely linear, with frass at first in closely spaced grains or beaded strips, and later in series of discrete, roundish particles interspersed with squiggly masses. The presumed L. blechimines we have seen on Spigelia anthelmiabegin as compact spirals and then open into irregularly contorted linear mines, in some cases compact enough to resemble the mines on Ruellia, but with frass in an almost continuous line of closely spaced grains or beaded strips. Puparium.Yellowish-brown to brown, formed within the leaf, with the anterior spiracles projecting through the lower epidermis. Phenology and voltinism.We have collected leaf mines in late March ( Florida), mid-June ( North Carolina), mid-July ( Oklahoma), and mid- to late August ( Massachusetts and New York), with adults emerging within a few weeks in each case ( Eiseman & Lonsdale 2018).
Distribution. USA: DE, FL, GA, IA, ID, IL, [KS], *MA, MD, MI, MS, *NC, NY, OH, *OK, PA, SC, SD, TX, VA, [WI], WV; Canada: AB, NL, ON, QC; Bermuda; Bolivia; Brazil; Dominica; Dominican Republic; Guadeloupe; Martinique.
Comments. Lonsdale (2017a)noted that the specimens he examined from “elm leaves” in Illinois and from Digitariain Florida “would be unusual rearing records, and are possibly incidental adult associations.” The label data for the latter specimens reads “Miami, 24.ix.1963, ex. Digitaria sanguinalis, K.A. Spencer.” These would seem to be the same specimens Spencer & Steyskal (1973) discussed under L. marginalis(Malloch): “Specimens bred from Digitaria sanguinalisand from Panicum miliaceumhave the mesonotum shining black, but the genitalia do not entirely agree with those of marginalis.” They unfortunately did not provide more specific data for these specimens, but this publication on Florida Agromyzidaemakes no other reference to Liriomyzaon Digitaria. Monteiro et al. (2019)reported rearing L. blechifrom Poaceaein Brazil( Digitariasp., Panicum miliaceumL., Paspalumspp.), and noted that on these hosts the mines are linear with widely spaced frass, in contrast with mines on Dicliptera sericea(= D. squarrosaNees, Acanthaceae) and Spigelia anthelmia, which they stated “are similar to L. blechimines.” They also noted that in specimens reared from Poaceae“the central area of the mesonotum is predominantly paler, almost orange, similar to description of L. marginalis. However, the shape of aedeagus resemble which illustrated by Eiseman & Lonsdale (2018)to L. blechi.” The genitalia of L. blechiwere not illustrated by Eiseman & Lonsdale (2018), and Lonsdale (2017a)was presumably the intended citation.
3069844349
2020-08-20
2020-09-03
2020-08-20
CSE
C. S. Eiseman
Hampshire Co.
42.336163
Florence
1
-72.67935
Mill River
23
24
CSE6562
1
3069844440
[1037,1431,749,776]
NEW, YORK
23
24
2
2
3069844381
2019-08-29
2019-09-12
2019-08-29
CSE
C. S. Eiseman & J. A. Blyth
Orange Co.
Cornwall
Black Rock Forest
23
24
CSE5898
1
3069844429
[425,911,821,848]
NORTH, CAROLINA
23
24
1
1
3069844397
2018-06-12
2018-06-30
2018-06-12
T
Wake Island
Lake Crabtree County Park
Co.
Morrisville
23
24
1
3069844302
[555,1430,857,886]
CSE, CNC
Wake Island
Feldman
23
24
CSE4709, CNC1144110-1144111
1
3069844403
2018-07-13
2018-07-29
2018-07-13
CSE, CNC
M. W. Palmer
Wake Island
Payne Co.
Mehan
23
24
CSE4966, CNC1643660
1
3069844422
[712,1367,929,956]
2018-07-16
CSE, CNC
Wake Island
23
24
CSE4965, CNC934531
1
3069844324
2015-07-03
C. S. Eiseman
Riley Co.
Konza Prairie Biological Station
23
24
1
Kansas
3069844399
2019-07-06
C. S. Eiseman
Middlesex Co.
Drumlin Farm
Lincoln Co.
23
24
1
Massachusetts
3069844309
2015-06-28
T
S. Feldman
Durham Co.
Bobbitt Hole
Durham
23
24
1
North Carolina
3069844305
2015-07-18
C. S. Eiseman
Buffalo Co.
State Road
Alma
23
24
1
Wisconsin