A revision of the shield-back katydid genus Neduba (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Tettigoniinae: Nedubini)
Cole, Jeffrey A.
Weissman, David B.
Lightfoot, David C.
Ueshima, Norihiro
Warchałowska-Śliwa, Elżbieta
Maryańska-Nadachowska, Anna
Chatfield-Taylor, Will
Zootaxa
2021
2021-01-19
4910
1
1
92
6RVKK
(Scudder, 1899)
Scudder
1899
[151,561,1831,1858]
Insecta
Tettigoniidae
Neduba
Animalia
Orthoptera
48
49
Arthropoda
species
castanea
Fig. 19(distribution), Fig. 21(male and female habitus, calling song, drumming, male and female tremulation karyotype), Plate 2B–C (live habitus), Plate 5A(male calling song), Plate 7I(male ventral sclerite), Plate 10B(male titillators), Plate 11K(female subgenital plate). Common name.Chestnut Shieldback. History of recognition. Scudder (1899)described Tropizaspis castaneafrom Los AngelesCounty, California. Caudell (1907)transferred this species to Aglaothoraxbased on habitus, in particular the pronotal shape, but the species was moved to Nedubaonce the male genitalia were examined ( Rentz 1988; Rentz & Birchim 1968). Our fieldwork shows that N. castaneais the only Nedubaspecies found in mainland Los AngelesCounty (i.e. exclusive of the Channel Islands), where it is limited to the fringes of the Mojave Desert.
Type material. The holotypemale is housed at ANSP. Images of the type are available at OSFO( Cigliano et al.2020). PARATYPE(n = 1): USA, CA , Los Angeles Co., 1♀, Los Angeles Co., VII, Coquillett, USNM; TOPOTYPES EXAMINED(n = 26): USA, CA, Los Angeles Co.,2♁, Countyroad N4 near Llano, 34.505828N, 117.817841W, 1280 m, 6-VIII-1988, DB Weissman& DC Lightfoot, CAS; 1♁, County RoadN6, 2 mi. NW of Devil’s Punchbowl, 34.4267N, 117.8697W, 1250 m, 6-VIII-1988, DB Weissman& DC Lightfoot, CAS; 1♁, Devil’s Punchbowl CountyPark, 34.4138N, 117.8587W, 1445 m, 17-VIII-1982, DB Weissman, CAS; 1♁, Devil’sPunchbowl County Park, 34.4138N, 117.8587W, 1445 m, 30-VIII-1975, PH Sullivan, CAS; 1♁, Devil’s PunchbowlRoad 1 mi.NW of Devil’s Punchbowl, 34.42382N, 117.86816W, 1341 m, 20-VI-2018, JA Cole, JAC; 1♁, Juniper Hills, Devil’s PunchbowlRoad ( County RoadN6), 2 mileseast of Longview Road, 34.4267N, 117.8697W, 1316 m, 2005, JA Cole, LACM; 3♁, 1♀nymph, same data except 13-VI-2003, JA Cole, JN Hogue, LACM; 1♁, same data except JAC; 2♁, same data except 14-VI-2015, JA Cole, GE Bell, T Farwell, LACM; 1♁, same data except JAC; 2♁, same data except 14-VI-2017, JA Cole, LACM; 3♁, 1♀, same data except 18-VI-2008, JA Cole, LACM; 1♀nymph, same data except 20-VI-2003, JA Cole, JN Hogue, LACM; 1♁, same data except 7-VII-2004, JA Cole, LACM; 1♁, 1♀, Largo Vista Rd.( county RoadN4), 1 mi.S of Fort Tejon Rd., 34.4530N, 117.7649W, 1277 m, 22-VI-2008, JA Cole, LACM; 1♀, same data except 22-VI-2008, JA Cole, JAC.
Measurements.(mm, ♁n = 14, ♀n = 6) Hind femur ♁16.99–21.20, ♀18.50–23.87, pronotum total length ♁9.90–13.20, ♀10.08–13.20, prozona length ♁3.84–5.69, ♀4.83–6.92, metazona dorsal length ♁5.60–8.67 ♀4.72– 6.76, pronotum constriction width ♁2.70–3.68, ♀2.95–3.85, metazona dorsal width ♁7.24–8.49 ♀6.75–8.25, head width ♁4.94– 5.85, ♀5.05–6.81, ovipositor length ♀14.92–20.25. Habitat.Pinyon-juniper ( Juniperusspp.- Pinus monophyllaTorr & Frém.), Joshua tree ( Yucca brevifoliaEngelm.) woodlands, Ceanothusscrub, and yellow pine forest. Specimens were taken from pinyon pine, juniper, mountain mahogany ( Cercocarpussp.), and Joshua tree.
Distribution.Dry north slope of Transverse Ranges of Californiaincluding the San Gabriel, San Bernardino, Liebre, and San Emigdio Mountains. Seasonal occurrence.Adult specimens have been taken from mid-June in foothill regions ( 13-VI-2003, JA Cole & JN Hogue, LACM) into September at high elevation ( 12-IX-2015, DA Gray, CAS). Females were last instar nymphs at the earliest date of occurrence listed above. Stridulatory file.(n = 5), length 3.7–4.6 mm, 79–99 teeth, tooth density 21.6 ± 1.1 (19.8–22.7) teeth/mm. Song.(n = 24) A continuous series of long MPTL(373.1 ± 51.5 ms) with widely spaced toothstrikes delivered at PTRof 2.6 ± 0.7 s-1. Thesound resembles a finger running along the teeth of a comb. The PTFof 13.7 ± 2.1 kHz extends comfortably into the audible range. Thereis a significant high frequency component, however, with 18.7 kHz PTFmeasured in one high frequency laboratory recording. Malesbegin calling at sunset. Thepopulation from McGill Campground on Mount Pinos, Ventura County, Californiahas a significantly slower PTRthan that of the typelocality (2-sample t-test, P= 0.002). Males may also produce audible substrate vibrations via drumming. Drums precede bouts of stridulation ( Fig. 21). Karyotype.(n = 5) 2n♁ = 22 ( 4m+ 16t+ XmYt), shared only with N. macneilli. T88-69, S88-72, topotype. Recognition.Morphological and color pattern differences thought to separate N. castaneafrom N. macneilli(per Rentz & Birchim 1968) are unreliable. The development of the styli on the subgenital plate, from absent to slight swellings to articulated, may vary within a population and even between the left and right sides of a single specimen. Both species exhibit the full range of variation in color patterns. Female N. castaneahave round, highly convex subgenital plates, whereas those of N. macneilliare subtriangular with a bluntly pointed apex. Geographically N. castaneareplaces N. macneilli, which is a Sierra Nevadaspecies, in the Transverse Ranges of southern California. Notes.We treat N. castaneaand N. macneillias closely related sister species based on reproductive isolation via allopatry. Both inhabit the same life zone in different geographic regions of California. N. castaneaand N. macneilliare sympatric with Aglaothorax ovata, and all three species share a similar robust habitus suggesting convergent evolution of body form in their habitat. Enlarged pronotal size may be adaptive for signal transmission in open habitats such as pinyon-juniper and Joshua tree woodlands, where trees and bushes are widely spaced, compared with the dense forest understories inhabited by other Nedubaspecies Groups. Drumming was observed during courtship in the field at the Largo Vista Road locality (see Typematerial above), during which a male alternated drumming and stridulating. The signaling did not result in copulation in this observed instance (JAC pers. obs.).
Material examined. (n = 26) All USA, CA, Kern Co., 3♀, McGill Campground, Los Padres NationalForest, 34.82539N, 119.09791W, 12-IX-2015, DA Gray, LACM; 11♁, 1♀, McGill Campground, Los Padres National Forest, 34.81505N, 119.10014W, 2271 m, 8-9-VIII-2017, JA Cole, LACM; 1♁, 1♀, same data except JAC; Los Angeles Co.,in addition to typematerial (above), 5♁, Sierra Highway, 0.6 mileswest of Crown Valley Road, Acton, 34.4936N, 118.1834W, 929 m, 17-VI-2003, JA Cole, JN Hogue, LACM; 1♁, same data except 18-19-VI-2008, JA Cole, JAC sound record; 1♁, Spunky Canyon, 2 mi.SW of Green Valley, 34.6023N, 118.3863W, 1047 m, 16-VI- 2012, JA Cole, LACM; 2♁, same data except 26-VII-2001, JA Cole, LACM.
3025458593
[385,827,331,357]
ANSP
The
49
50
1
holotype
3025458618
[304,670,366,393]
CA
United States of America
USA
49
50
1
paratype
3025458485
[685,1433,366,393]
USNM
Coquillett
United States of America
Los Angeles Co.
Los Angeles Co.
49
50
1
1
paratype
3025458505
[151,570,403,430]
TOPOTYPES, EXAMINED
Coquillett
United States of America
Los Angeles Co.
true
Los Angeles Co.
49
50
1
paratype
3025458557
[582,694,402,428]
CA
United States of America
USA
49
50
1
paratype
3025458747
1988-08-06
CAS
DB Weissman & DC Lightfoot
United States of America
Los
1280
34.50583
County
1
-117.81784
Co.
49
50
1
Angeles
paratype
3025458706
1988-08-06
CAS
DB Weissman & DC Lightfoot
United States of America
1250
34.4267
Punchbowl
6
-117.8697
County Road
49
50
1
Angeles
paratype
3025458449
1982-08-17
CAS
DB Weissman
United States of America
Devil's Punchbowl County
1445
34.4138
Devil's Punchbowl County
6
-117.8587
49
50
1
Angeles
paratype
3025458670
1975-08-30
CAS
Sullivan
Philippines
1445
34.4138
County Park
6
-117.8587
Devil's
49
50
1
paratype
3025458547
2018-06-20
JAC
JA Cole
Philippines
1341
34.42382
Devil's Punchbowl
1
-117.86816
49
50
1
paratype
3025458721
LACM
JA Cole
Philippines
Juniper Hills
1316
34.4267
County Road
6
-117.8697
Devil's Punchbowl
49
50
1
paratype
3025458370
[349,1187,655,683]
2003-06-13
LACM
Cole & Hogue
Philippines
Juniper Hills
1316
34.4267
County Road
6
-117.8697
Devil's Punchbowl
49
50
1
1
paratype
3025458630
2003-06-13
JAC
Cole & Hogue
Philippines
Juniper Hills
1316
34.4267
County Road
6
-117.8697
Devil's Punchbowl
49
50
1
paratype
3025458408
[215,825,690,719]
2015-06-14
T
Cole & Bell
Philippines
Juniper Hills
1316
34.4267
County Road
6
-117.8697
Devil's Punchbowl
49
50
1
paratype
3025458510
[830,1014,691,717]
LACM
Philippines
Farwell
49
50
1
paratype
3025458463
[1024,1320,691,719]
JAC
Philippines
Farwell
49
50
1
paratype
3025458689
2017-06-14
LACM
Cole
Philippines
Farwell
49
50
1
paratype
3025458471
[644,1294,727,755]
2008-06-18
LACM
Cole
Philippines
Farwell
49
50
1
1
paratype
3025458456
2003-06-20
LACM
Cole & Hogue
Philippines
Farwell
49
50
1
1
paratype
3025458495
[813,1384,763,791]
2004-07-07
LACM
Cole
Philippines
Farwell
49
50
1
paratype
3025458754
2008-06-22
LACM
JA Cole
Philippines
1277
34.453
county Road
6
-117.7649
Largo Vista Rd.
49
50
1
1
paratype
3025458450
[314,864,835,861]
2008-06-22
JAC
Cole
Philippines
1277
34.453
county Road
6
-117.7649
Largo Vista Rd.
49
50
1
1
paratype
3025458553
MPTL, PTR, PTF
Ventura County
-0.7
The
The
49
50
1
California
3025458733
[546,704,294,320]
CA
United States of America
All
51
52
1
3025458427
2015-09-12
LACM
DA Gray
United States of America
Kern Co.
34.82539
McGill Campground
1
-119.09791
Los Padres National
51
52
3
3
3025458367
2017-08-08
2017-08-09
2017-08-08
LACM
JA Cole
United States of America
2271
34.81505
McGill Campground
1
-119.10014
Los Padres National Forest
51
52
1
1
3025458546
[1020,1379,367,395]
2017-08-08
2017-08-09
2017-08-08
JAC
JA Cole
United States of America
2271
34.81505
McGill Campground
1
-119.10014
Los Padres National Forest
51
52
1
1
3025458379
2003-06-17
LACM
JA Cole & JN Hogue
United States of America
Los Angeles Co.
929
34.4936
Sierra Highway
6
-118.1834
Acton
51
52
1
3025458394
2008-06-18
2008-06-19
2008-06-18
JAC
JA Cole
United States of America
Los Angeles Co.
929
34.4936
Sierra Highway
6
-118.1834
Acton
51
52
1
3025458730
2012-06-16
LACM
JA Cole
United States of America
1047
34.6023
Spunky Canyon
6
-118.3863
51
52
1
3025458354
[420,1012,511,539]
2001-07-26
LACM
JA Cole
United States of America
1047
34.6023
Spunky Canyon
6
-118.3863
51
52
1