Panicum parvifolium Lam., Tabl. Encycl. 1: 173. 1791 Revision of the group previously known as Panicum L. (Poaceae: Panicoideae) in Madagascar Vorontsova, Maria S. Candollea 2018 2018-11-05 73 2 143 186 587RS 220430 (Lam.) Zuloaga & Morrone Zuloaga & Morrone Lam. Liliopsida Poaceae Trichanthecium GBIF Plantae Poales 39 182 Tracheophyta species parvifolium   ≡   Panicum parvifolium Lam., Tabl. Encycl. 1: 173. 1791.     Holotypus: SOUTH AMERICA:“ Ex America merid.”, s.d.,  Richards.n.( P-LAimage seen;  isotype: US[ US00139840] image seen).  Creeping stoloniferous perennial, branching and rooting at nodes, to 1 mlong, the culms and nodes glabrous. Leaf sheathsglabrous. Ligulea membrane. Leaf bladeslanceolate to narrowly ovate, flat, chartaceous, broad and amplexicaul at base, 1.5–3 × 0.2–0.7 cm, glaucous, drying yellow-green, mostly appressed to the stem, often becoming reflexed at maturity, glabrous on both sides, or with a few long cilia near the ligule. Paniclesterminal, the uppermost leaf blade usually partly covering the panicle, or shortly exserted, 1–3 cmlong, ovate, the branches spreading or slightly reflexed, glabrous. Spikeletsovate to elliptic, apically obtuse, 1–2 mmlong, green, never gaping open. Lower glume½–2/3 as long as the spikelet, chartaceous, apically obtuse, 3– 5-veined, glabrous. Upper glumeas long as the spikelet, herbaceous, 5-veined, glabrous. Lower floretbarren, with a fully developed palea. Lower lemmaherbaceous, 5-veined, glabrous. Upper lemmasmooth, shiny, pale.   Distribution and ecology. – Common across Africa and South America. In damp shaded locations across most of Madagascar, absent from the southwest, 0–1500 m( Fig. 16B).   Notes. – Common understory plant. Can be recognised by the characteristic shape of the plant: short appressed leaves on the apical part of the culms partly covering the spreading panicle branches. This species is illustrated by  BOSSER(1969: Fig. 124f-j) and by ZULOAGA et al. (2011: Fig. 26).   Additional material examined. –   MADAGASCAR. Prov. Antananarivo: près Ambatolaona,  19.XI.1950,  Benoist313( P[ P01914195], TAN);  Analabe, 1951,  Bosser597( TAN); PK 13 rte Majunga,  IX.1957,  Bosser12282( TAN);  rte Moramanga – lac Alaotra,  VI.1959,  Bosser13056( P[ P01914198], TAN);  ibid. loco,  VI.1959,  Bosser13057( P[ P01914188]);  vallée de Soavina,  XI.1960,  Bosser14820( P[ P01914199], TAN);  vallée de la Saonjo, Beboho,  V.1964,  Morat1087( P[ P01914180]);  Ambatovy, 18°48'47"S 48°19'40"E,  23.II.2005,  Rakotovaoet al. 1356( K[ K000805544], P[ P06795471]);  Ambohijatovo,  Service de l’Agriculture338( TAN).   Prov. Antsiranana: Kelidada, 13°31'S 48°44'E,  11.X.2011,  Hallet al. 16( K, TAN);  vallée de l’Antsahabe,  10.III.1949,   Humbert23333( P[ P03182740], TAN);  Mananjeba,  VII.1913,  Perrier de la Bâthie10720( K[ K000805550], P[ P03182758]);  Manongarivo,  XII.1903,  Perrier de la Bâthie11099( P[ P03182732], TAN).   Prov. Fianarantsoa: Ampamaherana, Fianarantsoa,  XII.1951,  Bosser1445( TAN);  plateau de l’Horombe,  11.II.1970,  Bosser19879( K[ K000805540], P[ P02222322]);  Ambohimitombo forest, Aanala,  23.XI.1894,  Forsyth-Major424( K[ K000805547]);  Mananjary,  III.1909,  Geay7025( P[ P01914190]);  ibid. loco,  III.1909,  Geay7474( P[ P01914170]);  near Ranomafana,  29.XII.1967,  Haine46( K[ K000805542]);  aviations de Sahambava,  17.IV.1941,  Herb. Jard. Bot.Tan.4876( P[ P01914183]);  Horombe,  III.1970,  Morat3465( TAN);  Ambohimanga du Sud,  8.XI.1963,  Rakotozafy172( TAN);  Isalo NP, above Namaza camp, 22°32'20"S 45°22'43"E,  16.XII.2013,  Vorontsovaet al. 1302( TAN).   Prov. Mahajanga: entre Mandritsara et Andilamena,  XI.1937,   Humbert17988( P[ P01914185]);  Maningoza riv.,  VI.1911,  Perrier de la Bâthie10836( P[ P03487903]);  Analalava,  17.VIII.1921,  Waterlot224( P[ P01914174]).   Prov. Toamasina: Sainte Marie, 1849,  Boivins.n.( K[ K000805548]); E,  XI.1954,  Bosser& Descoings84b( P[ P01914187]); c.  30 kmN of Tamatave,  27.II.1975,  Croat32474( TAN);  Vohibinany au S du Tamatave,  10.V.1928,  Decary6523( P[ P01914159]);  Ambohimena, Amparihy, 18°12'17"S 48°16'46"E,  2.II.2010,  Frasieret al. 62( P[ P06768556]);  lac Alaotra,  Herb. Jard. Bot. Tan.3408( P[ P01914167]);  Manompana,  I.1964,  Morat373( TAN);  Foulpointe,  I.1964,  Morat381( TAN);  ibid. loco,  I.1964,  Morat403( TAN);  lac Alaotra,  VIII.1912,  Perrier de la Bâthie10785( G, P[ P03182759]);  forêt d’Analamazaotra, XII,  Perrier de la Bâthie10920( P[ P03182729]);  Ivoloina,  V.1953,  Portèress.n.( P[ P02307378]);  village Bembary, Marovoay, 18°16'22"S 48°15'40"E,  3.II.2010,  Rakotovao& Razanatsoa5148( G, P[ P06768589]);  Manaka E,  19.XI.1960,  Rakotovao11297( P[ P01914194]);  lac Alaotra,  15.VI.1995,  Ranarijaona50( P[ P02373627]);   5 kmW of Moramanga, 18°55'22"S 48°10'48"E,  6.II.2000,  Raynal-Roques&  Jérémie24943( K[ K000805543], P[ P02309325]);  Tamatave,  13.XI.1964,  Tateoka3572( P[ P01914200], TAN);  Vohitra près de Brickaville,  4.X.1912,  Viguier&  Humbert475( P[ P02726814]).   Prov. Toliara: Ste Marie, 1847,  Boivins.n.( P[ P01914177]);  ibid. loco, 1849,  Boivins.n.( P[ P01914179]);  ibid. loco,  IV.1851,  Boivins.n.( P[ P01914181]);  Fort Dauphin,  Decary9806( K[ K000805541], P[ P01914171]);  côte SW,  Grandidiers.n.( P[ P01914166]);  vallée de l’Iantara, bassin du Manampatra,  16.XI.1924,   Humbert3417( G, P[ P01914162], TAN);  env. de Fort Dauphin, près de Nampohana,  20.IX.1928,   Humbert5753( K[ K000805551], P[ P01914193, P03182730]);  Fort Dauphin,  Keraudren-Aymonin& Aymonin24883( P[ P01914196]);  Mandromodromotra,  23.XI.1959,  Peltier& Peltier1498( P[ P01914192], TAN).  Sine loco:1847,  Boivins.n.( P);   Boivins.n.( P[ P01914191]);   Boivins.n.( K[ K000805546]);  Maromandia,  12.XI.1922,  Decary1230( P[ P01914160]);  Maromandia, Sandralsoto,  27.XI.1922,  Decary1270( P[ P01914161]);   Pervilles.n.( P);   Rouguette3( P[ P01914165]). 3472816837 P-LA Richard United States of America Ex America merid 39 182 1 SOUTH AMERICA holotype 3472816324 US United States of America Richard 39 182 US00139840 1 isotype 3472816371 1950-11-19 P, TAN Benoist Madagascar pres Ambatolaona Prov. 40 183 P01914195 1 Prov. Antananarivo 3472817196 1957-09 TAN Bosser Madagascar Analabe Analabe Bosser 40 183 PK 13 1 3472816683 [136,781,1028,1049] 1959-06 P, TAN Bosser Madagascar rte Moramanga - lac Alaotra Moramanga 40 183 P01914198 1 3472816826 [136,544,1055,1075] 1959-06 P Bosser Madagascar Alaotra Moramanga 40 183 P01914188 1 3472816922 1960-11 P, TAN Bosser Madagascar vallee de Soavina 40 183 P01914199 1 3472817169 1964-05 P Morat Madagascar vallee de la Saonjo 40 183 P01914180 1 3472816871 2005-02-23 K, P Rakotovao Madagascar -18.813055 Ambatovy 21 48.327778 40 183 K000805544, P06795471 1 3472817180 TAN Service de l'Agriculture Madagascar Ambohijatovo Ambohijatovo 40 183 1 3472816702 2011-10-11 K, TAN Hall Madagascar -13.516666 Kelidada 1290 48.733334 Prov. 40 183 1 Prov. Antsiranana 3472817188 1949-03-10 P, TAN Humbert Madagascar vallee de l'Antsahabe 40 183 P03182740 1 3472816562 1913-07 K, P Perrier de la Bathie Madagascar Mananjeba 40 183 K000805550, P03182758 1 3472817178 1903-12 P, TAN Perrier de la Bathie Madagascar Manongarivo 40 183 P03182732 1 3472816774 1951-12 TAN Bosser Madagascar Prov. Fianarantsoa Ampamaherana 40 183 1 Prov. Fianarantsoa 3472816559 1970-02-11 K, P Bosser Madagascar plateau de l'Horombe 40 183 K000805540, P02222322 1 3472817271 1894-11-23 K Forsyth-Major Madagascar Ambohimitombo forest Ambohimitombo forest 40 183 K000805547 1 3472816348 1909-03 P Geay Madagascar Mananjary 40 183 P01914190 1 3472816553 1909-03 P Geay Madagascar Mananjary 40 183 P01914170 1 3472816449 [261,781,1401,1422] 1967-12-29 K Haine Madagascar near Ranomafana 40 183 K000805542 1 3472816399 [136,782,1428,1449] 1941-04-17 P Herb. Jard. Bot. Tan. Madagascar aviations de Sahambava 40 183 P01914183 1 3472816912 [136,477,1455,1475] 1970-03 TAN Morat Madagascar Horombe 40 183 1 3472816798 1963-11-08 TAN Rakotozafy Madagascar Ambohimanga du Sud 40 183 1 3472816737 2013-12-16 TAN Vorontsova Madagascar -22.538889 Isalo NP 21 45.37861 40 183 1 3472817268 1937-11 P Humbert Madagascar Prov. entre Mandritsara et Andilamena Mandritsara 40 183 P01914185 1 Prov. Mahajanga 3472816811 1911-06 P Perrier de la Bathie Madagascar Maningoza riv 40 183 P03487903 1 3472816898 1921-08-17 P Waterlot Madagascar Analalava 40 183 P01914174 1 3472816392 1954-11 K, P Bosser & Descoings Madagascar Prov. Sainte Marie Sainte Marie 40 183 K000805548, P01914187 1 Prov. Toamasina 3472816606 [136,609,1641,1662] 1975-02-27 TAN Croat Madagascar 30 km N of Tamatave 40 183 1 3472817293 1928-05-10 P Decary Madagascar Vohibinany au S du Tamatave 40 183 P01914159 1 3472816820 2010-02-02 P Frasier Madagascar -18.204723 Amparihy 21 48.279446 Ambohimena 40 183 P06768556 1 3472816565 P Herb. Jard. Bot. Tan. Madagascar lac Alaotra 40 183 P01914167 1 3472816517 1964-01 TAN Morat Madagascar Manompana 40 183 1 3472816539 [305,633,1748,1768] 1964-01 TAN Morat Madagascar Foulpointe 40 183 1 3472816440 1964-01 TAN Morat Madagascar Foulpointe 40 183 1 3472816656 1912-08 G, P Perrier de la Bathie Madagascar lac Alaotra 40 183 P03182759 1 3472816501 P Perrier de la Bathie Madagascar foret d'Analamazaotra 40 183 P03182729 1 3472817042 [258,639,1828,1849] 1953-05 P Porteres Madagascar Ivoloina 40 183 P02307378 1 3472816301 2010-02-03 G, P Rakotovao & Razanatsoa Madagascar -18.272778 village Bembary 21 48.261112 Bembary 40 183 P06768589 1 3472816630 [284,781,1881,1902] 1960-11-19 P Rakotovao Madagascar Manaka E 40 183 P01914194 1 3472816931 [136,618,1908,1929] 1995-06-15 P Ranarijaona Madagascar lac Alaotra 40 183 P02373627 1 3472816755 2000-02-06 K, P Raynal-Roques & Jeremie Madagascar -18.922777 Moramanga 21 48.18 40 183 K000805543, P02309325 1 3472816492 1964-11-13 P, TAN Tateoka Madagascar Tamatave 40 183 P01914200 1 3472816364 1912-10-04 P Viguier & Humbert Madagascar Vohitra pres de Brickaville 40 183 P02726814 1 3472817063 P Boivin Madagascar Ste Marie Prov. 40 183 P01914177 1 Prov. Toliara 3472817033 [946,1314,356,376] 1849 P Boivin Madagascar Ste Marie Prov. 40 183 P01914179 1 Toliara 3472817235 1851-04 P Boivin Madagascar Ste Marie Prov. 40 183 P01914181 1 Toliara 3472817136 K, P Decary Madagascar Fort Dauphin Fort Dauphin 40 183 K000805541, P01914171 1 3472816893 [946,1305,409,430] P Grandidier Madagascar cote SW 40 183 P01914166 1 3472816680 1924-11-16 G, P, TAN Humbert Madagascar vallee de l'Iantara l'Iantara 40 183 P01914162 1 3472816808 1928-09-20 K, P Humbert Madagascar env. de Fort Dauphin 40 183 K000805551, P01914193, P03182730 1 3472817019 P Keraudren-Aymonin & Aymonin Madagascar Fort Dauphin Fort Dauphin 40 183 P01914196 1 3472816867 1959-11-23 P, TAN Peltier Madagascar Mandromodromotra 40 183 P01914192 1 3472816840 [1150,1408,542,563] P Boivin Madagascar Sine 40 183 1 3472816757 P Boivin Madagascar Boivin 40 183 P01914191 1 3472816502 [1001,1251,569,590] K Boivin Madagascar Boivin 40 183 K000805546 1 3472817147 1922-11-12 P Decary Madagascar Maromandia 40 183 P01914160 1 3472816738 1922-11-27 P Decary Madagascar Sandralsoto Maromandia 40 183 P01914161 1 3472817160 [1015,1145,622,643] P Perville Madagascar Perville 40 183 1 3472817122 [1155,1394,622,643] P Madagascar Rouguette 40 183 P01914165 1