Pieltainia iberica Arias, 1919: 479 Tachydromia iberica Shamshev & Grootaert 2018: 425 Revision of the morphology, phylogenetic relationships, behaviour and diversity of the Iberian and Italian ant-like Tachydromia Meigen, 1803 (Diptera: Hybotidae) Gonçalves, Ana Rita Grootaert, Patrick Andrade, Rui Paulo, Octávio S. Mengual, Ximo European Journal of Taxonomy 2021 2021-01-25 732 1 56 (Arias, 1919) Arias 1919 [587,1000,993,1020] Insecta Hybotidae Tachydromia Animalia Diptera 22 23 Arthropoda species iberica   Figs 1, 6–8 16A–B, 18C–D      Pieltainia iberica Arias, 1919: 479(male and female).     Tachydromia iberica Shamshev & Grootaert 2018: 425(comb. nov.).    Diagnosis Predominantly dark and glabrous. Wings, or any traces of it, absent. Palpi, proboscis and antennae black. Postpedicel subconical, 2 times longer than pedicel; stylus 2 times as long as scape, pedicel and postpedicel combined. Legs with dark brown to black and yellow colour pattern. Abdomen black, tergites and sternites mostly covered by grey microtrichia and by sparse, very short, setae; apical sternites with long, distinct, setae.   Type material(lost)    Holotype SPAIN• Huelva, Cala;  22 Feb. 1915; C. Bolívarleg.    Paratypes SPAIN• several specimens; Segovia, San Rafael; (spring) 1917; C. Bolívarleg.  Additional material(lost)   SPAIN• several specimens; Madrid, El Escorial; C. Bolívarleg.• Cuenca, Ciudad Encantada; J.G. Colladoleg.  Material examined   SPAIN• 12 ♂♂, 7 ♀♀(all male terminalia studied, RBINS); Badajoz, Tentudía; 38º03′16.17″ N, 6º20′14.7″ W;  3 Apr. 2015; A.R. Gonçalvesand R. Andradeleg.•  5 ♂♂, 5 ♀♀; same collection data as for preceding; ZFMK•  8 ♂♂, 13 ♀♀(all male terminalia studied, RBINS); Segovia, El Espinar; 40º42′35.3″ N, 4º14′08.3″ W;  1 Apr. 2015; A.R. Gonçalvesand R. Andradeleg.•  3 ♂♂, 4 ♀♀(all male terminalia studied, RBINS); Madrid, Montejo de la Sierra, Prádena del Rincón; 41°03′03.6″ N, 3°31′10.8″ W;  23 Apr. 2017; A.R. Gonçalvesand P. Álvarezleg.•  3 ♂♂; Madrid, Montejo de la Sierra, Prádena del Rincón; 41°02′40.8″ N, 3°29′28.7″ W;  23 Apr. 2017; A.R. Gonçalvesand P. Álvarezleg.•  3 ♂♂, 9 ♀♀; Madrid, Arroyo de la Fuentecilla( La Hiruela); 41°04′18.0″ N, 3°27′28.2″ W;  23 Apr. 2017; A.R. Gonçalvesand P. Álvarezleg.•  2 ♂♂, 1 ♀; Madrid, La Hiruela; 41°04′59.3″ N, 3°25′45.3″ W;  23 Apr. 2017; A.R. Gonçalvesand P. Álvarezleg.•  2 ♂♂, 1 ♀; Guadalajara, El Cardoso de la Sierra; 41°05′46.2″ N, 3°28′56.1″ W;  23 Apr. 2017; A.R. Gonçalvesand P. Álvarezleg.•  6 ♂♂, 9 ♀♀; Madrid, Pinilla de Buitrago; 40°57′02.0″ N, 3°43′11.6″ W;  24 Apr. 2017; A.R. Gonçalvesand P. Álvarezleg.•   3 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; Madrid, Miraflores de la Sierra; 40°50′24.4″ N, 3°48′24.4″ W;  24 Apr. 2017; P. Álvarezleg.•  4 ♂♂, 5 ♀♀; Madrid, Rascafría, Calle del Aguilón; 40°52′35.6″ N, 3°50′44.0″ W;  24 Apr. 2017; A.R. Gonçalvesand P. Álvarezleg.•  5 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; Madrid, Lozoya; 40°58′07.9″ N, 3°48′01.6″ W;  24 Apr. 2017; A.R. Gonçalvesand P. Álvarezleg.•  3 ♂♂, 5 ♀♀; Madrid, Miraflores de la Sierra( Fuente del Cura); 40°48′51.1″ N, 3°47′02.2″ W;  7 May 2017; P. Álvarezleg.•  5 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀; Madrid, Miraflores de la Sierra( Fuente del Cura); 40°49′19.2″ N, 3°47′21.5″ W;  7 May 2017; P. Álvarezleg.   PORTUGAL• 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀(all male terminalia studied, RBINS); Porto de Mós, Arrimal; 39º31′54.6″ N, 8º52′20.7″ W;  9 Mar. 2014; A.R. Gonçalvesleg.•  1 ♂; Leiria, Pombal, Cumieira; 39°53′33.5″ N, 8°35′53.6″ W;  18 Feb. 2017; S. Henriquesleg.; NHMUK•  10 ♂♂, 12 ♀♀(all male terminalia studied, RBINS); Porto de Mós, Arrimal; 39º31′54.6″ N, 8º52′20.7″ W;  11 Mar. 2017; A.R. Gonçalvesand F. Barrosleg.•  4 ♂♂, 5 ♀♀; Leiria, Pombal, Cumieira; 39°53′33.5″ N, 8°35′53.6″ W;  18 Mar. 2017; A.R. Gonçalvesand J. Roseteleg.•  3 ♂♂, 7 ♀♀; Porto de Mós, Arrimal; 39º31′54.6″ N, 8º52′20.7″ W;  8 Apr. 2018; A.R. Gonçalves, S. Martinsand F. Barrosleg.•  15 ♂♂, 13 ♀♀; Porto de Mós, Arrimal; 39º31′54.6″ N, 8º52′20.7″ W;  16 Apr. 2018; A.R. Gonçalves, S. Martinsand F. Barrosleg.•  4 ♂♂, 6 ♀♀; Porto de Mós; 39°31′56.53″ N, 8°52′17.86″ W;  16 Apr. 2018; A.R. Gonçalves, S. Martinsand F. Barrosleg.•  1 ♂; Porto de Mós; 39°33′52.41″ N, 8°49′13.07″ W;  16 Apr. 2018; A.R. Gonçalves, S. Martinsand F. Barrosleg.•  2 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀; Porto de Mós; 39°32′20.18″ N, 8°49′22.41″ W;  16 Apr. 2018; A.R. Gonçalves, S. Martinsand F. Barrosleg.•  2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; Porto de Mós; 39°30′37.37″ N, 8°50′3.13″ W;  16 Apr. 2018; A.R. Gonçalves, S. Martinsand F. Barrosleg.•  1 ♂, 2 ♀♀; Porto de Mós; 39°26′16.57″ N, 8°55′6.93″ W;  16 Apr. 2018; A.R. Gonçalves, S. Martinsand F. Barrosleg.    Redescription Similar to  Tachydromia cantabrica sp. nov.except for the following:  Male MEASUREMENTS. Body length: 1.9–2.5 mm(n = 5). HEAD. Ocellar tubercle glabrous, shiny black. Lateroclinate ocellars ca ½ smaller than length of postpedicel. Proclinate verticals ca ⅔ shorter than length of postpedicel. ANTENNA. Postpedicel 2 times as long as pedicel. PALPUS. Less numerous setae present ventrally with a few distinct setae. THORAX. Scutellum almost undistinguishable and postscutellum poorly developed. Postpronotal lobe with ca 8 setae laterally, ca 8 acrostichal setae, irregular biseriate, of equal length, and 6 similar other setae placed irregularly; notopleuron with 2 setae; 2 setae near mesothoracic spiracle; 2 long, incurvated prescutellar setae; scutellar setae absent. WING. Absent. LEGS. Dark brown to black with following yellow: trochanters, apical half of fore and mid femora, dorsal surface and basal ½ of fore and mid tibiae, most of tarsomeres 1 and 2, except for black apical margin. Ciliation of hair-like setae absent from fore tibia. Spur absent.   Fig. 7.Terminalia of  Tachydromia iberica( Arias, 1919)from Spain, Segovia, El Espinar (Central System) (RBINS). A. Right surstylus and right epandrial lamella. B. Epandrium with cerci. C. Left epandrial lamella and left surstylus. D. Right surstylus. Scale bar: 0.1 mm. ABDOMEN. Tergites and sternites with very short, sparse setae, except for apical sternites with longer, distinct setae. TERMINALIA ( Figs 6–8). Right surstylus long, mostly glabrous, except for stronger setae on dorsal and distal margins. Right epandrial lamella with long, irregularly placed setae on apical ½. Cerci with long setae of unequal length mostly placed on apical ½, Left epandrial lamella ½ shorter than left cercus, deeply bilobed. Left surstylus almost twice as long as wide, ½ shorter than cerci.  Female Except for terminalia, no distinguishing features between sexes. Cerci pale brown with grey microtrichia and setae.   Variability Main sources of variability are related to leg colouration, number of prescutellar setae and shape of right surstylus. In all populations, it is possible to find specimens with dark tarsi, instead of yellow. Regarding the right surstylus, in the southern population, this structure is usually long, narrowing distally ( Fig. 6); in the Spanish central system, specimens usually have a very short, sub-triangular, right surstylus ( Fig. 7); the Portuguese specimens, often have a very long and narrow surstylus ( Fig. 8). However, it is possible to find variability concerning the shapes of right surstylus within the same population. Concerning the number of prescutellar setae, the usual number is 2 setae, but in all populations analysed it is possible to observe specimens with several prescutellar setae (ca 6).    Distribution  Spainand Portugal. It is known from the Serranía de Cuenca in eastern Iberia, Guadarrama mountains in the centre, in the foothills of the Sierra Morena mountains in the south, and in the Portuguese provinces of Beira Litoral and Estremadura in the west. 3026462425 1915-02-22 C. Bolivar Spain Cala Huelva 22 23 1 holotype 3026462397 1917 C. Bolivar Spain San Rafael Segovia 22 23 1 paratype 3026462348 [189,976,1752,1778] C. Bolivar Spain El Escorial Madrid 22 23 1 3026462317 J. G. Collado Spain Ciudad Encantada Cuenca 22 23 1 3026462421 2015-04-03 RBINS A. R. Goncalves & R. Andrade Spain 38.05449 Tentudia 1 -6.3374166 Badajoz 22 23 19 7 3026462321 2015-04-03 ZFMK A. R. Goncalves & R. Andrade Spain 38.05449 Tentudia 1 -6.3374166 Badajoz 22 23 10 5 5 3026462329 2015-04-01 RBINS A. R. Goncalves & R. Andrade 40.709805 El Espinar 1 -4.2356386 Segovia 22 23 21 13 3026462414 2017-04-23 RBINS A. R. Goncalves & P. Alvarez 23 24 41.051 Montejo de la Sierra, Pradena del Rincon 1 -3.5196667 Madrid 22 23 7 4 Madrid 3026462309 2017-04-23 A. R. Goncalves & P. Alvarez 41.044666 Montejo de la Sierra, Pradena del Rincon 1 -3.4913056 Madrid 23 24 3 Madrid 3026462409 2017-04-23 A. R. Goncalves & P. Alvarez 41.071667 Arroyo de la Fuentecilla 1 -3.4578333 Madrid 23 24 12 9 Madrid 3026462308 2017-04-23 A. R. Goncalves & P. Alvarez 41.083138 La Hiruela 1 -3.42925 Madrid 23 24 3 1 Madrid 3026462406 2017-04-23 A. R. Goncalves & P. Alvarez 41.096165 El Cardoso de la Sierra 1 -3.48225 Guadalajara 23 24 3 1 Madrid 3026462426 2017-04-24 A. R. Goncalves & P. Alvarez 40.950558 Pinilla de Buitrago 1 -3.719889 Madrid 23 24 6 ♂♂ 9 9 Madrid 3026462402 2017-04-24 P. Alvarez 40.84011 Miraflores de la Sierra 1 -3.8067777 Madrid 23 24 3 ♂♂ 2 2 Madrid 3026462398 2017-04-24 A. R. Goncalves & P. Alvarez 40.876553 Rascafria 1 -3.8455555 Madrid 23 24 9 5 Madrid 3026462355 2017-04-24 A. R. Goncalves & P. Alvarez 40.96886 Lozoya 1 -3.8004444 Madrid 23 24 7 2 Madrid 3026462354 2017-05-07 P. Alvarez 40.814194 Miraflores de la Sierra 1 -3.7839444 Miraflores de la Sierra 23 24 8 5 Madrid 3026462357 2017-05-07 P. Alvarez 40.822 Miraflores de la Sierra 1 -3.7893054 Madrid 23 24 8 3 Madrid 3026462403 2014-03-09 RBINS A. R. Goncalves Portugal 39.531834 Porto de Mos 1 -8.8724165 Mos 23 24 3 2 Porto 3026462365 2017-02-18 NHMUK S. Henriques Portugal 39.89264 Pombal 1 -8.598222 Leiria 23 24 1 Leiria 3026462323 2017-03-11 RBINS A. R. Goncalves & F. Barros Portugal 39.531834 Porto de Mos 1 -8.8724165 Mos 23 24 22 12 Porto 3026462445 2017-03-18 A. R. Goncalves & J. Rosete Portugal 39.89264 Pombal 1 -8.598222 Leiria 23 24 9 5 Leiria 3026462441 2018-04-08 A. R. Goncalves & S. Martins & F. Barros Portugal 39.531834 Arrimal 1 -8.8724165 Porto de Mos 23 24 10 7 Porto 3026462377 2018-04-16 A. R. Goncalves & S. Martins & F. Barros Portugal 39.531834 Arrimal 1 -8.8724165 Porto de Mos 23 24 28 13 Porto 3026462427 2018-04-16 A. R. Goncalves & S. Martins & F. Barros Portugal 39.532368 Porto de Mos 1 -8.871628 23 24 10 6 Porto 3026462334 2018-04-16 A. R. Goncalves & S. Martins & F. Barros Portugal 39.564556 Porto de Mos 1 -8.820297 23 24 1 Porto 3026462353 2018-04-16 A. R. Goncalves & S. Martins & F. Barros Portugal 39.538937 Porto de Mos 1 -8.822891 23 24 5 3 Porto 3026462362 2018-04-16 A. R. Goncalves & S. Martins & F. Barros Portugal 24 25 39.51038 Porto de Mos 1 -8.834203 23 24 4 2 Porto 3026462318 2018-04-16 A. R. Goncalves & S. Martins & F. Barros Portugal 39.43794 Porto de Mos 1 -8.918592 24 25 3 2 Porto