Sarcolaena bojeriana Baill. , Adansonia 10: 177 (1872)
Leptolaena bojeriana (Baill.) Cavaco, Mémoires de l’Institut
Xerochlamys pilosa Baker , Journal of Botany , British and Foreign 20: 45 (1882)
Sarcolaena grandidieri Baill. , Bulletin de la Société linnéenne de Paris 1: 565 (1886)
Xerochlamys grandidieri (Baill.) Baker , Journal of the Linnean Society , Botany 25: 296 (1889)
Xerochlamys pubescens Baker , Journal of the Linnean Society , Botany 25: 296 (1889)
Endemic families of Madagascar. XII. Resurrection and taxonomic revision of the genera Mediusella (Cavaco) Hutchinson and Xerochlamys Baker (Sarcolaenaceae)
Hong-Wa, Cynthia
Adansonia
2009
3
2009-12-31
31
2
311
339
3. Xerochlamys bojeriana(Baill.) Baker Journal of the Linnean Society, Botany25: 296 (1889). —
Sarcolaena bojerianaBaill., Adansonia10: 177 (1872). — Leptolaena bojeriana(Baill.) Cavaco, Mémoires de l’Institut
scientifique de Madagascar, sér. B, 4: 64 (1952). — Type: Madagascar, without precise locality, date unknown, fl., Bojer s. n. (holo-, P! [P00389113]).
Xerochlamys pilosa Baker, Journal of Botany, Britishand Foreign20: 45 (1882). — Type: Madagascar, on the top of a bleak stony hill in the west of the Betsileocountry, date unknown, fl., Baron134(holo-, K [image seen]; iso-, P! [ P00490727]). Sarcolaena grandidieri Baill., Bulletin de la Sociétélinnéenne de Paris1: 565 (1886). — Xerochlamys grandidieri(Baill.) Baker, Journalof the Linnean Society, Botany25: 296 (1889). — Type: Madagascar, Prov. Fianarantsoa, Ambatomenaloha, [ 20°37’S, 46°33’E], 1876, fl., Grandidier63(holo-, P! [3 sheets: P00389114-16]). Xerochlamys pubescens Baker, Journalof the Linnean Society, Botany25: 296 (1889). — Type: Madagascar, Imerina, Lahavohitramountain,dateunknown,fr., Baron5112(holo-, K [image seen]; iso-, P! [2 sheets: P00389111-12]). ADDITIONAL MATERIAL EXAMINED. — Madagascar.Prov.
Antananarivo, PK 36, route d’Antsirabe, [ 19°08’30’’S, 47°31’30’’E], 16.II.1966, Rakotozafy 457( TAN). — Ambatofotsy, [ 20°03’S, 47°05’E], 16.VII.1952, Service Forestier 107-R-222(P). — Ambatolampy, [ 19°22’S, 47°24’E], II.1953, Bosser 4828( TAN). — Ambohipo- nana, [ 20°04’S, 47°03”E], 1500 m, 20.XI.1912, Viguier & Humbert 1416(K, P). — Andramasina, [ 19°11’S, 47°35’E], II.1958, Descoings 3106(MO, TAN). — Idem, croupe rocailleuse aride entre Ambohimasina et Andramasina, 3.XII.1912, Viguier & Humbert 1915(MO, P). — Andrangaranga, [ 19°00’S, 47°08’E], 14.I.1964, Service Forestier 23206(MO, P). — Idem, Service Forestier 23206bis(MO, P). — Ankaratra, [ 19°22’S, 47°15’E], 2250 m, 5.VIII.1989, Du Puy & Du Puy MB279(TAN). — Idem, [ 19°20’S, 47°16’E], 1700-2200 m, 27.IV.1955, Humbert & Capuron 30301(P). — Antongona, environs de Tananarive, [ 18°56’S, 47°16’E], I.1956, Bosser 8947(MO, P, TAN). — Idem, 4.XII.1959, Peltier 1546(P, TAN). — Antsirabe, 5 kmof Antilarisona, north of Antsirabe, [ 19°51’S, 47°02’E], 1250-1300 m, 23.I.1975, Croat 29219(K, MO, P). — Idem, [ 19°51’S, 47°02’E], IV.1912, Perrier de la Bâthie 3017(P). — Arivonimano, [ 19°01’S, 47°11’E], 16.X.1992, Allorge 660(P). — Idem, 29.I.1960, Peltier 1822(P, TAN). — Idem, V.1956, Service Agricole 1088(MO, TAN). — Idem, massif de l’Ambohitrambo, 24.X.1965, Service Forestier 24176bis(P, TEF). — Behenjy, [ 19°12’S, 47°29’E], 1400-1500 m, 12.I.1972, Cremers 1934(TAN). — Idem, 11.V.1939, Decary 13897(P). — Idem, rocher d’Iaranandriana, 10.III.1984, Dorr et al. 2886(K, MO, P). — Idem, north of Behenjy on road from Antananarivoto Antsirabe, 12.I.1986, Dorr et al. 4571(K, MO, P). — Idem, 12.II.1938, Herbier du Jardin Botanique de Tananarive 3172(P). — Idem, Perrier de la Bâthie 14630(P). — Idem, entre Behenjy et Ambatolampy, PK 51, 1400 m, 1.IX.1949, Service Forestier 647(K, P, TEF). — Betafo, [ 19°50’S, 46°51’E], 19.XI.1912, Viguier & Humbert 1416(K, P, TAN). — Between Miarinarivo and Antananarivo, PK 60, [ 19°00’S, 47°03’E], I.1958, Descoings 2897(MO, TAN). — Faratsiho, [ 19°24’S, 46°57’E], IX.1921, Perrier de la Bâthie 13938(P). — Iarinandriana, 40 kmde Tananarive, [ 19°10’S, 47°30’E], IV.1957, Bosser 11062(TAN). — Ibity, southwest slope of Mt. Kiboy, 20°03’50”S, 46°59’58”E, 1624 m, 27.I.2001, Birkinshaw et al. 816(MO). — Idem, [ 20°07’S, 47°01’E], 22.VII.1989, Du Puy et al. MB271(MO, P, TAN). — Idem, Mt. Kiboy, 20°03’52”S, 47°00’03”E, 1662 m, 1.XI.2001, Hong-Wa et al. 1(MO, P, TAN, TEF). — Idem, 1552 m, 20. VI.2005, Hong-Wa et al. 321(MO, P, TAN). — Idem, [ 20°07’S, 47°01’E], 13.X.1970, Keraudren-Aymonin & Aymonin 24587(P). — Idem, 20°03’47”S, 47°00’02”E, 1650 m, 16.II.1997, Lowry & Schatz 4814(MO, P). — Idem, Ambohimanjaka, base est du Mt. Ibity, [ 19°45’S, 47°15’E], 1600 m, III.1920, Perrier de la Bâthie 13208(P). — Idem, 1800 m, III.1921, Perrier de la Bâthie 13573(P); Perrier de la Bâthie 13573bis(P). — 2000 m, IX.1921, Perrier de la Bâthie 13969(P). — [ 20°07’S, 47°01’E], 1200 m, III.1928, Perrier de la Bâthie 18495(P). — Idem, 20°04’10”S, 47°00’16”E, 1700 m, 17.II.2003, Schatz et al. 4126(MO). — Itasy, PK 68, route Tananarive à l’Itasy, [ 18°57’S, 47°05’E], 11.XI.1970, Keraudren-Aymonin & Aymonin 25416(P). — Manandona, versant droit de la basse Manandona, [ 20°03’S, 47°03’E], 1200-1800 m, V.1920, Perrier de la Bâthie 13165(MO, P). — Manazary, [ 19°03’S, 46°52’E], 1300 m, 8.XII.1912, Viguier & Humbert 1956(P). — Miarinarivo, [ 18°57’S, 46°54’E], VII.1912, Perrier de la Bâthie 3005(P). — VI.1926, Perrier de la Bâthie 17610(P). — [ 18°56’S, 46°51’E], 1200 m, III.1926, Perrier de la Bâthie 17615(P). — Ramainandro, [ 19°18’S, 47°00’E], I.1955, Bosser 7558(MO, P,TAN). — Sabotsy, [ 19°13’S, 47°36’E], II.1959, Bosser 12784(MO, P, TAN). — Sahanivotry, PK 202 de la route Tananarive-Fianarantsoa, [ 20°07’S, 47°04’E], 1500 m, 9.II.1949, Service Forestier 230(P, TEF). — Soamananety, 50 kmwest of Antananarivo, [ 18°59’S, 47°04’E], 1300-1400 m, 13.II.1985, Barnett et al. 459(K, MO, P). — 27.I.1937, Chardon & Bigorgne s. n.(P). — 57 kmwest of Antananarivo, 9.I.1985, Dorr et al. 3436(K, MO, P). — Idem, route Tananarive-Miarinarivo, PK 55, [ 18°58’S, 47°05’E], 1300 m, 14.XII.1989, Evrard 11300(P, TAN). — Talata-Volonondry, [ 18°45’S, 47°41’E], VIII.1906, d’Alleizette 1265(P). — Prov. Fianarantsoa, Ambandroja, [21°59’- 22°00’S, 46°36’-46- °37’E], 900-1360 m, 22.VII.1954, Service Forestier 14491(P, TEF). — Ambasy, [ 21°28’S, 46°11’E], 1100 m, 9. XII.1974, Cremers 3581(MO, P, TAN). — Ambatofinandrahana, 54 kmeast of Finandrohana, [ 20°35’S, 47°02’E], 1300 m, 25.I.1975, Croat 29670(MO, P). — Idem, 18 kmwest of Finandrahana, 1100 m, 26.I.1975, Croat 29726(MO). — Idem, [ 20°33’S, 46°48’E], 1600- 1800 m, 23.II.1938, Decary 13257(P). — 3.II.1942, Decary 17289(P); Decary 17358(MO, P). — Idem, 7 kmsouth-west of Ambatofinandrahana, on the route to Fenoarivo, 20°36’48”S, 46°49’31”E, 1300 m, 20.XI.1993, Du Puy et al. M627(K, MO, P, TAN, TEF). — Ambatomenaloha, [ 20°37’S, 46°33’E], 1876, Grandidier 63(P). — Ambohimanjaka, entre Antsirabe et Ambositra, [ 20°15’S, 47°06’E], 1500 m, 6.III.1985, Dorr et al. 3844(K, MO, P). — Idem, 20°14’10”S, 47°05’59”E, 1500 m, 23.III.1999, Labat et al. 3009(G, K, MO, P, TAN). — Ambositra, dans les bois de Tapia, [ 20°31’S, 47°15’E], 2.II.1942, Decary 17246(P). — Ankijana, [ 20°37’S, 47°05’E], 5.II.1955, Service Forestier 13470(P, TEF). — Col desTapia, route d’Ihosy àTuléar, [ 22°47’S, 45°01’E], 1000-1300 m, Aubréville s. n. (P). — Idem, a region of rocky wooded hills 48 kmnorth of Ambositra, [ 20°15’S, 47°09’E], 1300-1400 m, 24.I.1975, Croat 29348(MO, TAN). — Croat 29356(MO, TAN) — Idem, Haute Sahatsio, 1600 m, 24.XII.1928, Humbert 7110(K, P, TAN). — 20.VII.1928, Humbert & Swingle 4655(P). — Idem, PK 200 entre Antsirabe et Ambositra, II.1960, Keraudren 104(P). — Idem, près d’Ilaka, 1500 m, 26.X.1960, Léandri 3327(P). — Idem, massif de l’Isalo, second col des Tapia, entre Ranohira et Sakaraha, [ 22°47’S, 45°01’E], 1000-1300 m, 21.XI.1960, Léandri & Saboureau 3962(P). — Idem, premier col des Tapia, Ambositra, [ 20°15’S, 47°01’E], V.1969, Morat 3174(TAN). — Faliarivo, [ 20°39’S, 47°07’E], 24.I.1956, Descoings 2036(TAN). — 1600 m, III.1934, Humbert 14494(P). — Humbert 14495(MO, P). — 15.I.1955, Humbert & Capuron 28012(MO, P). — Idem, lisières de la forêt de Faliarivo, 15.I.1955, Service Forestier 11546(P, TEF). — Ilaka, [ 20°15’S, 47°09’E], 27.III.1952, Service Forestier 4632(P, TEF). — Itremo, [ 20°34’21”S, 46°34’54”E], I.1964, Bosser 18876(P, TAN). — Idem, montagnes à l’ouest d’Itremo, [ 20°35’S, 46°38’E], 1500- 1700 m, 17.I-22.IV.1955, Humbert 30021(MO, P). — Idem, [ 20°32’S, 46°33’E], 1.XII.1970, Keraudren- Aymonin & Aymonin 25756(P); Keraudren-Aymonin & Aymonin 25756bis(P); Keraudren-Aymonin & Aymonin 25780(P); Keraudren-Aymonin & Aymonin 25784(P). — Idem, eastern margin of the Itremo massif, c. 19 kmwest of Ambatofinanadrahana, 20°34’21”S, 46°3454”E, 1580 m, 11.III.2000, Schatzet al. 3982( MO); Schatzet al. 3985( MO). — Itremo, [ 20°32’S, 46°33’E], 4.III.1955, Service Forestier13994( MO, P, TEF). — Idem, aux environs du col de l’Itremo, [ 20°36’S, 46°34’E], 1600-1700 m, 27.XI.1969, Service Forestier28895( P, TEF). — Ivato, 12 kmà l’ouest d’Ivato, piste d’Ambatofinandrahana, [ 20°40’S, 47°08’E], VI .1969, Morat3316( TAN). — Idem, 12 kmà l’ouest d’Ivato, route de Morondava, XI.1970, Morat3676( P, TAN). — Parcnational d’Isalo, [ 22°11’S, 45°10’E], 1.XI.1940, Decary16335( P). — Idem, traversée de l’Isalo Nord, à l’est de Sahanafa, [ 22°19’S, 45°18’E], 1000 m, 28.XI-4.XII.1946, Humbert19543( P). — Idem, à l’ouest de Ranohira, [ 22°11’S, 45°10’E], 800-1250 m, 29.I-2.II.1955, Humbert29819( P). — 1000-1300 m, 19.XI.1960, Léandri& Saboureau3933( P). — 19.XI.1960, Réserves Naturelles11222( P). — Ranomafana, 20°30’43”S, 46°46’31”E, 1475 m, 7.II.2001, Andriamihajarivoet al. 38( MO, TAN, TEF). — Andriamihajarivoet al. 39( MO, TAN). — Sahambano, PK20, route de Ihosyà Ivohibe, [ 22°29’S, 46°16’E], V .1973, Morat4254bis( P, TAN). — Sahatsiho-Ambohimanjaka, entre Antsirabeet Ambositra, PK 202, [ 20°11’S, 47°05’E], 1400 m, IX.1956, Bosser9967( MO, P, TAN). — Vatomitombo, au sud d’Antsirabe, [ 20°14’S, 47°06’E], 1800 m, 3.V .1961, Service Forestier23496(K, MO, P, TEF). — Prov. Toamasina, Analarohy, au nord d’Andilamena, [ 16°48’S, 48°32’E], 1000 m, XI.1922, Perrier de la Bâthie15006( P). — Mangoro, [ 18°53’S, 48°07’E], 800 m, VIII.1912, Perrier de la Bâthie3003( P). — Tampoketsa d’Anosibe, [ 18°09’S, 49°23’E], 1500 m, 5.V .1967, Service Forestier26307(P, TEF). — Withoutprecise locality, Baron947(K, P); Baron1873(K, P); Baron5119(K, P). — 23.V .1931, Basses. n. (P). — 23.I .1975, Croat29208(MO). — Le Myre de Vilerss. n. (P). — Perrier de la Bâthie13606(P). DESCRIPTION Shrubs; young and older twigs pubescent. Leaf blades glossy dark green above, light green beneath, elliptic or occasionally ovate, 0.5-2.5 × 0.3-2 cm, chartaceous to sometimes subcoriaceous, sparsely pubescent above, densely pubescent beneath, base rounded, margin plane, apex retuse or occasionally acute, midrib light brown, flat above, slightly raised beneath, secondary veins indistinct, 6-12 per side, 1-2.5 mmapart, looping 0.2-1 mmfrom the margin; petiole 0.7-3 mmlong, pubescent. Flowers solitary or in inflorescences, terminal, with 2 flowers; peduncle 1-2 mmlong, pubescent, pedicel 1-2 mmlong, pubescent. Involucre brown, cupulate, 2-6 × 3-9 mm, with short brown tomentum interspersed with dense white trichomes, teeth 14-28, 0.4-2.4 mmlong; flowers 11-22 mmlong at anthesis from apex of pedicel to apex of petals; sepals oblong, 4-8 × 3-6 mm, deeply emarginate, exserted 2-4 mmbeyond the involucre; petals pink fading to white, oblong, 9-22 × 4-9 mm, exceeding the involucre by 13-16 mm; disc 2-2.5 mmtall; stamens 25-35, 6.5-13 mmlong; ovary globose, 3 mmhigh, style 6-13 mmlong, pubescent, stigma 0.4-1.4 mmwide. Fruits globose to subglobose, 5-9 × 5-10 mm, exceeding the accrescent involucre by 4-7 mm; seeds brown, ovoid, 2-3 mmlong, 2-11 per fruit. PHENOLOGY Flowering and fruiting all year round; peaking from September to April. VERNACULAR NAMES Hatsikana, Katikana. HABITAT Evergreen sclerophyllous Uapaca bojeriBaill.(tapia) woodland on various rocky substrates up to 2000 melevation within the subhumid bioclimatic zone.
DISTRIBUTION Central region of Madagascarfrom Miarinarivo- Arivonimamo to Isalo National Park ( Fig. 2).
REMARKS Xerochlamys bojerianacan be recognized by its small (< 3 cmlong), elliptic to ovate leaf blades covered with sparse white trichomes on both surfaces, and its flowers with pink petals. This species differs from X. undulataby its short petiole (< 3 mmlong vs. 3-7 mm), the length to width ratio of the elliptic leaf blades (3:1 vs. 2:1), its plane (vs. undulate) leaf margin, and its pink (vs. pale yellow to white) flowers. Xerochlamys bojerianacan be distinguished from X. ellipticamost easily by its having trichomes on the leaf blades (vs. entirely glabrous). FIG. 2. — Distributions of Xerochlamys bojeriana(Baill.) Baker(●) and X. coriaceaHong-Wa (★) mapped on the bioclimatic zones of Madagascar (after Cornet [1974], simplified by Schatz [2000]). Previous authors such as Perrier de la Bâthie (1931)and Cavaco (1952a, b) circumscribed Xerochlamys bojerianavery broadly to include material assigned here to X. ellipticaand X. undulata. The present circumscription includes the typesof three previously described taxa: 1) Baron 134, the typeof X. pilosa, has small (≤ 1 cmlong) elliptic, pubescent leaf blades with acute apices; 2) Grandidier 63, the typeof Sarcolaena grandidieri, whose leaf blades are ovate and more or less glabrous; and 3) Baron 5112, the typeof X. pubescens, whose leaves are larger (≥ 2 cmlong), ovate and pubescent. Although these typesseem to represent distinct morphological forms and other collections can be associated with each one, there are also intermediates between them, and when taken together they form a coherent albeit variable group. The specimen of Perrier de la Bâthiebearing the number 13988has been reassigned the number 13938based on information from the collector’s fieldbook, in which the number 13988refers to a species of AngraecumBorywhereas 13938refers to a species of Xerochlamys. Moreover, labels of the specimen bearing the number 13988have been overwritten, adding further support for reassigning it to 13938(P. B. Phillipson pers. comm.). Specimens of Perrier de la Bâthie 13989cited by Cavaco (1952b)and referred to as Xerochlamys bojerianahave not been located and their identity remains uncertain. CONSERVATION STATUS With an extent of occurrence of 36 055 km2 and an area of occupancy of 2900 km 2, Xerochlamys bojerianais provisionally considered to be Least Concern (LC) as it is widely distributed and occurs in many protected areas. However, the potential habitat of this species is locally threatened by mostly annual fires. 4. Xerochlamys coriaceaHong-Wa, sp. nov. ( Fig. 3) Arbuscula, foliis ellipticis pubinervis coriaceis ad apices obtusis et ad bases attenuatis, floribus axillaribus, involucro albo piloso 12-24 dentato, fructibus globosis polyspermis.
TYPUS. — Madagascar. Prov. Toliara, above Ankoba village, near east edge of Andohahela National Park, Parcel1, transitional forest along ridge above village, 24°46’4’5’’ S, 46°43’17’’E, 675 m, 22.I.2008, fl., Lowryet al. 6966(holo-, MO!; iso-, G, K, MO!, P!, TAN). PARATYPES. — Madagascar. Prov. Fianarantsoa, Malazarivo, [ 21°57’S, 46°36’E], 17.II.1955, Service Forestier13769( K, P, TEF). — Réservenaturelle intégrale d’Andringitra, [ 22°07’S, 46°46’E], 1200 m, IV.1921, Perrier de la Bâthie13604( P). — 26.XII.1952, Réserves Naturelles4877( MO, P, TAN). — 16. V.1955, Réserves Naturelles7179( P, TEF). — 23.XI.1955, Réserves Naturelles7495( P, TEF). — Prov. Toliara, Ampandrandava, [ 24°05’S, 45°41’E], 1100 m, I.1943, Herbier du Jardin Botanique de Tananarive5823( P). — IV.1943, Herbier du Jardin Botanique de Tananarive6412( P). — Idem, environs d’Ampandrandava, entre BekilyetTsivory, I.1943, Seyrig454( P). — IV.1943, Seyrig454 B( P). — Analamary, proche du village Fenoarivo, [ 23°13’S, 45°50’E], 800 m, 22.X.1954, Service Forestier12129( P, TEF). — Bekily, [ 24°13’S, 45°19’E], 400 m, 14. I.1954, Service Forestier8394( P, TEF). — Imonty, bassin de réception de la Mananara, affluent du Mandrare, pentes occidentales des montagnes entre l’Andohahela et l’Elakelaka, [ 24°48’S, 46°41’E], 900-950 m, II.1934, Humbert14098( P). — Ivakoany, [ 23°49’S, 46°23’E], 12.IV.1954, Service Forestier10200( P, TEF). — Mahamavo, bassin de réception de la Mananara, affluent du Mandrare, pentes occidentales des montagnes entre l’Andohahela et l’Elakelaka, [ 24°45’S, 46°43’E], 450 m, I-II.1934, Humbert13756( P). — Mt. Vohitrosy, vallée moyenne du Mandrareprès d’Anadabolava, [ 24°16’S, 46°43’E], 800-850 m, XII.1933, Humbert12680( K, MO, P). — Réservenaturelle intégrale d’Andohahela, [24°31’- 24°53’S, 46°37- 46°52’E], 6. I.1951, Réserves Naturelles2759( MO, P, TAN). — 7.VIII.1955, Réserves Naturelles7476( P, TEF). — Idem, sur la crête du Vataza, au sud-est d’Imonty, 16. I.1963, Service Forestier22452( K, P, TEF). — Vohidava, vallée moyenne du Mandrareprès d’Anadabolava, [ 24°09’S, 46°15’E], 750-810 m, XII.1933, Humbert12618( P). — 6.XI.1963, Service Forestier22599( P, TEF). — Vohipola, au nord de Betroka, [ 23°08’S, 46°05’E], 1100-1300 m, XI.1933, Humbert11633( P). DESCRIPTION Trees 4-8 mtall, trunk to 20 cmdbh; young twigs slightly tomentose, older twigs glabrous. Leaf blades FIG. 3. — Xerochlamys coriaceaHong-Wa: A, leaf; B, flowering branch; C, flower buds; D, fruit with and without involucre. Humbert 12680. Scale bars: A, C, D, 5 mm; B, 1 cm. light green above, darker green beneath, elliptic to narrowly ovate, 3-6 × 1-2 cm, coriaceous, rarely with trichomes on the abaxial midvein, base truncate to sometimes attenuate, margin irregularly undulate, apex obtuse to occasionally retuse, midrib green to yellowish, slightly raised above, distinctly raised beneath, secondary veins distinct, 7-12 per side, 2-6 mmapart, looping 0.5-2 mmfrom the margin; petiole 4-12 mmlong, with sparse trichomes. Flowers solitary or in inflorescences, axillary, with 2 or 3 flowers; peduncle 1-2 mmlong, glabrous, pedicel 1-2 mmlong, glabrous. Involucre green, cupulate, 3-6 × 4-10 mm, brown tomentose when young with a few white trichomes, teeth 12-24, 0.8-2 mmlong; flowers 19-30 mmlong at anthesis from apex of pedicel to apex of petals; sepals obovate, 6-8 × 4-7 mm, slightly emarginate, exserted 2-5 mmbeyond the involucre; petals white, obovate, 13-21 × 6-12 mm, exceeding the involucre by 10- 15 mm; disc 1.7-2 mmtall; stamens 18-42, 8.4- 19 mmlong; ovary globose, 3-3.4 mmhigh, style 6.5-16.3 mmlong, pubescent, stigma 0.5-1.5 mmwide. Fruits ovoid, 5-9 × 6-12.5 mm, exceeding the accrescent involucre by 2-6 mm; seeds brown, ellipsoid, 2-3 mmlong, 3 or 4 per fruit. PHENOLOGY Flowering and fruiting from November to February. VERNACULAR NAMES Fotona, Hary, Kotika, Vandrozo. HABITAT In subhumid to dry forests and thickets, on metamorphic and igneous rocks from 450 to 1200 m, at the border of the subarid and humid, and in the subhumid bioclimatic zones.
DISTRIBUTION From Andohahela to near Andringitra in SE Madagascar( Fig. 2).
REMARKS Xerochlamys coriaceais a small tree that can be recognized by its elliptic, coriaceous leaf blades borne on a long petiole (up to 12 mm). This species shows some variation in leaf size. Specimens from the northern part of its range (Andringitra) have larger leaf blades (> 4 cmlong) than those from material collected toward its southern limits, which also have thicker leaves, possibly because this species grows in less humid habitats in the south. Perrier de la Bâthie also mentioned on the label of one of his collections ( 13604) that the larger leaves were from a fertile resprouting shoot. Despite this variation in leaf size, specimens assigned to X. coriaceaform a coherent group with distinctive features that are also geographically correlated. Xerochlamys coriaceadiffers from X. villosain particular by its smaller, elliptic, coriaceous (vs. ovate, chartaceous) leaf blades with irregularly undulate (vs. plane) margins, its inconspicuous (vs. prominent) secondary veins and its brown tomentose (vs. yellow tomentose) involucre bearing sparse white trichomes. Its leaves differ from those of X. tampoketsensisby the same characters and additionally by their truncate to attenuate (vs. rounded) base.
CONSERVATION STATUS With an extent of occurrence of 22 006 km2, an area of occupancy of only 90 km2, and nine subpopulations of which two are located within protected areas (Réserves naturelles intégrales d’Andohahela and Andringitra), Xerochlamys coriaceais assigned a preliminary status of Vulnerable [VU B2ab(i,ii,iii)].
[294,351,1491,1515]
K, P
Madagascar
Baron
Journal of Botany
Betsileocountry
9
320
P00490727
1
[317,369,1644,1668]
P
Bulletin de la Societe & de Paris & Journal & Linnean Society & Botany
Madagascar
-20.616667
Grandidier
1267
46.55
Ambatomenaloha
9
320
P00389114-16
1
Fianarantsoa
[878,932,1383,1407]
K, P
Madagascar
Baron
Journal
Lahavohitramountain
9
320
P00389111-12
1
[675,1208,1538,1562]
-19.141666
d'Antsirabe
9
320
1
Antananarivo
[678,1172,1564,1589]
1966-02-16
TAN
47.525
9
320
1
[962,1209,1618,1642]
-19.366667
Ambatolampy
9
320
1
[678,1210,1644,1668]
1953-02
TAN
47.4
9
320
1
2000-03-11
MO
Schatz
-20.533333
Itremo
1267
46.55
Schatz
11
322
1
1955-03-04
MO, P, TEF
Service Forestier
1650
-20.6
l'Itremo
1267
46.566666
Idem
11
322
1
1969-11-27
P, TEF, VI
Service Forestier
Ivato
-20.666666
d'Ambatofinandrahana
1266
47.133335
d'Ivato
11
322
1
TAN
Morat
Idem
Morondava
d'Ivato
11
322
1
1970-11
P, TAN
Morat
-22.183332
d'Isalo
1261
45.166668
Parc
11
322
1
1940-11-01
P
Decary
Idem
1000
-22.316668
Sahanafa
1260
45.3
l'Isalo Nord
11
322
1
1946-11-28
1946-12-04
1946-11-28
P
Humbert
1025
-22.183332
Ranohira
1261
45.166668
Idem
11
322
1
1955-01-29
1955-02-02
1955-01-29
P
Humbert
1150
11
322
1
1960-11-19
P
Leandri & Saboureau
11
322
1
1960-11-19
P
Reserves Naturelles
1475
-20.511944
Ranomafana
21
46.775276
11
322
1
2001-02-07
MO, TAN, TEF, V
Andriamihajarivo & Sahambano, PK & de Ihosy
-22.483334
Ivohibe
1260
46.266666
Andriamihajarivo
11
322
1
P, TAN
Morat
Sahatsiho-Ambohimanjaka
1400
-20.183332
Ambositra
1268
47.083332
Antsirabe
11
322
1
1956-09
MO, P, TAN
Bosser
1800
-20.233334
d'Antsirabe
1268
47.1
Vatomitombo
11
322
1
[147,203,1247,1271]
K, MO, P, TEF
Service Forestier
Prov.
1000
-16.8
d'Andilamena
1281
48.533333
Analarohy
11
322
1
Toamasina
1922-11
P
Perrier de la Bathie
800
-18.883333
Mangoro
1273
48.116665
11
322
1
Toamasina
1912-08
P
Perrier de la Bathie
1500
-18.15
Tampoketsa d'Anosibe
1276
49.383335
11
322
1
Toamasina
[532,588,1379,1403]
P, TEF, K
Service Forestier & Baron
Baron
Without
11
322
1
Toamasina
[235,292,1458,1482]
P
Basse
11
322
1
Toamasina
[520,580,1458,1482]
MO, P
Croat & Perrier de la Bathie
Le Myre de Vilers
11
322
1
Toamasina
TYPUS
Madagascar
Prov.
Andohahela National Park
Ankoba village
13
324
1
Toliara
[786,1043,485,509]
S
Madagascar
675
46.72139
13
324
1
MO, G, K, P, TAN
Madagascar
Lowry
13
324
1
1955-02-17
K, P, TEF
Prov. & Malazarivo
Madagascar
-21.95
Service Forestier
1262
46.6
13
324
1
Fianarantsoa
paratype
1921-04
P
Reserve & d'Andringitra & Perrier de la Bathie
Madagascar
1200
-22.116667
1261
46.766666
13
324
1
paratype
1952-12-26
MO, P, TAN
Madagascar
Reserves Naturelles
13
324
1
paratype
1955-05-16
V, P, TEF
Madagascar
Reserves Naturelles
13
324
1
paratype
1955-11-23
P, TEF
Madagascar
Reserves Naturelles
13
324
1
paratype
1943-01
I, P
Prov. & Ampandrandava
Madagascar
1100
-24.083334
Herbier du Jardin Botanique de Tananarive
1252
45.683334
13
324
1
Toliara
paratype
1943-04
P
Madagascar
Herbier du Jardin Botanique de Tananarive
13
324
1
paratype
1943-01
I, P
Idem & d'Ampandrandava
Madagascar
Seyrig
Bekily
13
324
1
paratype
[841,1069,876,900]
1943-04
B, P
Madagascar
Seyrig
13
324
1
paratype
1954-10-22
P, TEF
Analamary & Fenoarivo
Madagascar
800
-23.216667
Service Forestier
1256
45.833332
13
324
1
paratype
1954-01-14
I, P, TEF
Bekily
Madagascar
400
-24.216667
Service Forestier
1252
45.316666
13
324
1
paratype
1934-02
P
Imonty & de la Mananara & du Mandrare
Madagascar
925
-24.8
Humbert
1249
46.683334
13
324
1
paratype
1954-04-12
P, TEF
Ivakoany
Madagascar
-23.816668
Service Forestier
1254
46.383335
13
324
1
paratype
P
Mahamavo & de la Mananara & du Mandrare
Madagascar
450
-24.75
Humbert
1249
46.716667
13
324
1
paratype
1933-12
K, MO, P
du Mandrare & d'Anadabolava
Madagascar
825
-24.266666
Humbert
1252
46.716667
Mt. Vohitrosy
13
324
1
paratype
1951-01-06
I, MO, P, TAN
Reserve & d'Andohahela
Madagascar
-24.883333
Reserves Naturelles
1249
46.866665
13
324
1
paratype
[678,1118,1352,1376]
1955-08-07
P, TEF
Madagascar
Reserves Naturelles
13
324
1
paratype
1963-01-16
I, K, P, TEF
Idem & du Vataza
Madagascar
Service Forestier
d'Imonty
13
324
1
paratype
1933-12
P
Vohidava & du Mandrare & d'Anadabolava
Madagascar
780
-24.15
Humbert
1252
46.25
13
324
1
paratype
[675,1081,1485,1509]
1963-11-06
P, TEF
Madagascar
Service Forestier
13
324
1
paratype
1933-11
P
Vohipola & de Betroka
Madagascar
1200
-23.133333
Humbert
1257
46.083332
13
324
1
paratype