On the genus Pachygnatha (Araneae, Tetragnathidae) in the Albertine Rift of Burundi, with the description of three new species Nzigidahera, Benoît Jocqué, Rudy European Journal of Taxonomy 2014 2014-08-13 93 1 16 4BS8W Nzigidahera & Jocqué, 2014 [606,884,1589,1616] Arachnida Tetragnathidae Pachygnatha Animalia Araneae 1 2 Arthropoda species bispiralis sp. nov.  urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:E6CDD3F2-0E67-4520-A794-E5D48E37EFC8  Figs 1A–C, 2A–D    Diagnosis Males are easily recognized by several unique features: the peculiar cymbium which is strongly narrowed at the mid-point, the very long conductor protruding beyond the cymbium, the tibia with a large ventrolateral apophysis and the very large, claw shaped, distal spur on the chelicerae.    Etymology The specific name  bispiralisrefers to the broad embolus with longitudinal groove giving the impression of a sclerite with two spirals.     Typematerial examined    Holotype   BURUNDI: ♂, Kibira National Park, Rwegura, Mt Musumba, 02.87696°S, 029.49709°E, site 1, mountain heather with  Philippia benguelensis,  10 Mar. 2008, 2650 m, pitfalls, B. Nzigidahera( MRAC 226712).    Paratypes   BURUNDI: 2 ♂♂, Kibira National Park, Rwegura, Mt Musumba, 02.86435°S, 029.49540°E, site 7, tea plantation,  10 Sep. 2008,  2100 m, pitfalls, B. Nzigidahera( INECN);  1 ♂, same locality, 02.86435°S, 029.49546°E, site 6, forest with  Carapa grandifloraand  Polyscias fulva,  25 Mar. 2008,  2150 m( MRAC 226711);  1 ♂, 1 juv., same locality,  10 Mar. 2008( MRAC 226730);  1 ♂, same locality, 02.86445°S, 029.49640°E, site 5, forest with  Carapa grandifloraand  Polyscias fulva,  25 Jul. 2008, 2252 m( MRAC 226722);  1 ♂, same locality,  10 Apr. 2008( MRAC 226724);  1 ♂, same locality,  25 Feb. 2008( MRAC 226731);  2 ♂♂, same locality,  10 Dec. 2008( MRAC 226732);  1 ♂, same locality,  25 Dec. 2008( MRAC 226725);  1 ♂, same locality,  15 Mar. 2008( MRAC 226719);  3 ♂♂, same locality,  26 Jan. 2008( MRAC 226721);  1 ♂, same locality, 02.87149°S, 029.49641°E, site 3, forest with  Hagenia abyssinica,  25 Apr. 2008,  2444 m( MRAC 226727);  1 ♂, same locality,  26 Jan. 2008( MRAC 226715);  1 ♂, same locality,  10 Mar. 2008( MRAC 226716);  1 ♂, same locality,  25 Nov. 2008( MRAC 226723);  3 ♂♂, same locality,  25 Feb. 2008( MRAC 226720);  1 ♂, same locality,  10 Nov. 2008( INECN);  1 ♂, same locality, 02.87060°S, 029.49669°E, site 2, forest with  Hagenia abyssinica,  25 Apr. 2008,  2548 m( INECN);  1 ♂, same locality, 02.87696°S, 029.49709°E, site 1, forest mountain heather,  Phillipia benguelensis,  25 Dec. 2008,  2650 m( MRAC 226717);  2 ♂♂, same locality,  10 Nov. 2008( MRAC 226729);  1 ♂, same locality,  25 Oct. 2008( MRAC 226726);  1 ♂, same locality,  25 Mar. 2008( MRAC 226564);  1 ♂, same locality,  25 Jun. 2008( INECN);  1 ♂, same locality,  10 Sep. 2008( INECN);  1 ♂, same locality,  25 Feb. 2008( INECN);  1 ♂, same locality, 0289891°S, 02950405°E, site 1, tea plantation,  15 May 2005,  1970 m( INECN);  1 ♂, Kibira National Park, Rusarenda Forest, 03.14228°S, 029.56235°E, forest with  Neoboutonia macrocalyxand  Myrianthus holstii,  12 Feb. 2003, 2237 m, pitfalls, B. Nzigidahera( INECN);  1 ♂, Kigwena Nature Reserve, Kigwena Forest, 02.89891°S, 029.50405°E, forest with  Newtonia buchananiiand  Albizia zygia,  5 Jan. 2004,  793 m, pitfalls, B. Nzigidahera( INECN).    Description   Male  Holotype, Figs 1A–C, 2A–D. MEASUREMENTS. Total length 2.70, carapace 1.20 long, 1.08 wide. CARAPACE. Pale brown, with two lateral dark brown bands; prominent in anterior part.  EYES. AME: 0.12, ALE: 0.12, PLE: 0.12, PME: 0.20, AME-AME: 0.02, PME-PME: 0.02, AME-ALE: 0.04, PME-PLE: 0.06, ALE-PLE: 0.00, MOQ: AW: 0.26, PW: 0.32, L: 0.32. CHELICERAE. ( Fig. 2C–D). Four promarginal teeth, four retromarginal teeth, large claw shaped prolateral spur with broad base and sharp, curved tip. STERNUM. Brownish grey with some setae, distal margin concave; intercoxal sclerites present. LEGS. Yellowish brown; one distal dorsal spine on patellae; no further spines. ABDOMEN. Yellowish grey with irregular, connected dark grey spots in almost three longitudinal lines, mixed with silvery spots. Spinnerets pale yellow.   Fig. 1. A–C.  Pachygnatha bispiralis sp. nov. A. Male habitus, dorsal view. B. Male habitus, ventral view. C. Male habitus, lateral view. D–I.  Pachygnatha intermedia sp. nov. D. Male habitus, dorsal view. E. Male habitus, ventral view. F. Male habitus, lateral view. G. Female habitus, dorsal view. H. Female habitus, ventral view. I. Female habitus, lateral view. J–O.  Pachygnatha ventricosa sp. nov. J. Male habitus, dorsal view. K. Male habitus, ventral view. L. Male habitus, lateral view. M. Female habitus, dorsal view. N. Female habitus, ventral view. O. Female habitus, lateral view. Scale bars = 2 mm. PALP. ( Fig. 2A–B). Sclerotised tibial apophysis very broad, large blade-shape retrolaterally high, ventrally short. Paracymbium long, straight with some long hairs at the sharp, slightly curved tip. Cymbium very broad at base, thin in middle and wider towards tip. Embolus long, running along tegulum and beyond to tip of cymbium, supported by conductor.  LEG MEASUREMENTS     Leg Fe Pa T Mt t Total   I 1.64 0.48 1.76 1.44 0.80 6.12   II 1.60 0.44 1.96 1.28 1.76 7.04   III 1.20 0.40 0.92 0.88 0.48 3.88   IV 1.48 0.40 1.40 1.28 0.64 5.20   Female Unknown.    Distribution Known from Kibira National Park and Kigwena Nature Reserve in Burundi. 1576150541 mountain heather with Philippia benguelensis 2008-03-10 pitfalls MRAC B. Nzigidahera Burundi 0 -2.87696 Kibira National Park 1 29.49709 2 3 MRAC 226712 1 1 holotype 1576150537 tea plantation 2008-09-10 pitfalls INECN B. Nzigidahera Burundi 2100 -2.86435 Kibira National Park 1 29.4954 2 3 2 2 paratype 1576150539 forest with Carapa grandiflora and Polyscias fulva 2008-03-25 pitfalls MRAC B. Nzigidahera Burundi 0 -2.86435 site 6 1 29.49546 2 3 MRAC 226711 1 1 paratype 1576150538 [303,1003,632,659] forest with Carapa grandiflora and Polyscias fulva 2008-03-10 pitfalls MRAC B. Nzigidahera Burundi 0 -2.86435 site 6 1 29.49546 2 3 MRAC 226730 2 1 1 paratype 1576150543 forest with Carapa grandiflora and Polyscias fulva 2008-07-25 pitfalls MRAC B. Nzigidahera Burundi 2252 -2.86445 site 5 1 29.4964 2 3 MRAC 226722 2253 2253 paratype 1576150542 [303,898,704,731] forest with Carapa grandiflora and Polyscias fulva 2008-04-10 pitfalls MRAC B. Nzigidahera Burundi 2252 -2.86445 site 5 1 29.4964 2 3 MRAC 226724 1 1 paratype 1576150551 forest with Carapa grandiflora and Polyscias fulva 2008-02-25 pitfalls MRAC B. Nzigidahera Burundi 2252 -2.86445 site 5 1 29.4964 2 3 MRAC 226731 1 1 paratype 1576150540 [301,909,740,767] forest with Carapa grandiflora and Polyscias fulva 2008-12-10 pitfalls MRAC B. Nzigidahera Burundi 2252 -2.86445 site 5 1 29.4964 2 3 MRAC 226732 2 2 paratype 1576150556 forest with Carapa grandiflora and Polyscias fulva 2008-12-25 pitfalls MRAC B. Nzigidahera Burundi 2252 -2.86445 site 5 1 29.4964 2 3 MRAC 226725 1 1 paratype 1576150553 [301,891,776,803] forest with Carapa grandiflora and Polyscias fulva 2008-03-15 pitfalls MRAC B. Nzigidahera Burundi 2252 -2.86445 site 5 1 29.4964 2 3 MRAC 226719 1 1 paratype 1576150547 forest with Carapa grandiflora and Polyscias fulva 2008-01-26 pitfalls MRAC B. Nzigidahera Burundi 2252 -2.86445 site 5 1 29.4964 2 3 MRAC 226721 3 3 paratype 1576150548 forest with Hagenia abyssinica 2008-04-25 pitfalls MRAC B. Nzigidahera Burundi 0 -2.87149 site 3 1 29.49641 2 3 MRAC 226727 1 1 paratype 1576150552 [576,1166,848,875] forest with Hagenia abyssinica 2008-01-26 pitfalls MRAC B. Nzigidahera Burundi 0 -2.87149 site 3 1 29.49641 2 3 MRAC 226715 1 1 paratype 1576150546 forest with Hagenia abyssinica 2008-03-10 pitfalls MRAC B. Nzigidahera Burundi 0 -2.87149 site 3 1 29.49641 2 3 MRAC 226716 1 1 paratype 1576150545 [595,1231,884,911] forest with Hagenia abyssinica 2008-11-25 pitfalls MRAC B. Nzigidahera Burundi 0 -2.87149 site 3 1 29.49641 2 3 MRAC 226723 1 1 paratype 1576150560 forest with Hagenia abyssinica 2008-02-25 pitfalls MRAC B. Nzigidahera Burundi 0 -2.87149 site 3 1 29.49641 2 3 MRAC 226720 3 3 paratype 1576150550 [666,1168,920,946] forest with Hagenia abyssinica 2008-11-10 pitfalls INECN B. Nzigidahera Burundi 0 -2.87149 site 3 1 29.49641 2 3 MRAC 226720 1 1 paratype 1576150549 forest with Hagenia abyssinica 2008-04-25 pitfalls INECN B. Nzigidahera Burundi 0 -2.8706 site 2 1 29.49669 2 3 1 1 paratype 1576150554 forest mountain heather, Phillipia benguelensis 2008-12-25 pitfalls MRAC B. Nzigidahera Burundi 0 -2.87696 site 1 1 29.49709 2 3 MRAC 226717 1 1 paratype 1576150558 [691,1330,1028,1055] forest mountain heather, Phillipia benguelensis 2008-11-10 pitfalls MRAC B. Nzigidahera Burundi 0 -2.87696 site 1 1 29.49709 2 3 MRAC 226729 2 2 paratype 1576150555 forest mountain heather, Phillipia benguelensis 2008-10-25 pitfalls MRAC B. Nzigidahera Burundi 0 -2.87696 site 1 1 29.49709 2 3 MRAC 226726 1 1 paratype 1576150544 [736,1335,1063,1090] forest mountain heather, Phillipia benguelensis 2008-03-25 pitfalls MRAC B. Nzigidahera Burundi 0 -2.87696 site 1 1 29.49709 2 3 MRAC 226564 1 1 paratype 1576150557 forest mountain heather, Phillipia benguelensis 2008-06-25 pitfalls INECN B. Nzigidahera Burundi 0 -2.87696 site 1 1 29.49709 2 3 MRAC 226564 1 1 paratype 1576150559 [649,1161,1100,1126] forest mountain heather, Phillipia benguelensis 2008-09-10 pitfalls INECN B. Nzigidahera Burundi 0 -2.87696 site 1 1 29.49709 2 3 MRAC 226564 1 1 paratype 1576150561 forest mountain heather, Phillipia benguelensis 2008-02-25 pitfalls INECN B. Nzigidahera Burundi 0 -2.87696 site 1 1 29.49709 2 3 MRAC 226564 1 1 paratype 1576150564 tea plantation 2005-05-15 pitfalls INECN B. Nzigidahera Burundi 0 -2.87696 site 1 1 29.49709 2 3 MRAC 226564 1 1 paratype 1576150563 forest with Neoboutonia macrocalyx and Myrianthus holstii 2003-02-12 pitfalls INECN B. Nzigidahera Burundi 0 -3.14228 Kibira National Park 1 29.56235 2 3 MRAC 226564 2238 2238 paratype 1576150562 forest with Newtonia buchananii and Albizia zygia 2004-01-05 pitfalls INECN B. Nzigidahera Burundi 0 -2.89891 Kigwena Nature Reserve 1 29.50405 2 3 1 1 paratype