Gasteruption brasiliense ( Blanchard, 1840 )
Foenus brasiliensis Blanchard, 1840: 300
Westwood, 1843: 260
Guérin-Méneville, 1844: 406
Brullé, 1846: 530–531
Westwood, 1851: 219
Gasteruption brasiliense: Schletterer, 1885: 304
Schletterer, 1890: 469–470
Dalla Torre, 1902: 1065
Kieffer, 1902: 7
Kieffer, 1912: 238
Hedicke, 1939: 35
De Santis, 1980: 297
Macedo, 2009: 7
Foenus gracillimus Westwood, 1843: 258
Gasteruption gracillimum: Schletterer, 1885: 307
Schletterer, 1890: 471–472
tenuicolle
Kieffer, 1902: 10
Kieffer, 1912: 239
Hedicke, 1939: 35
Gasteruption longicauda Kieffer, 1904: 18
Kieffer, 1912: 239
Hedicke, 1939: 35
De Santis, 1980: 297
Gasteruption annulitarse Schrottky, 1906: 59
Kieffer, 1912: 239
Hedicke, 1939: 34
Rasmussen et al., 2009: 20
Gasteruption petroselini Schrottky, 1906: 57–58
Kieffer, 1912: 239
Hedicke, 1939: 36
Rasmussen et al., 2009: 36
Gasteruption subtropicale Schrottky, 1906: 58
Kieffer, 1912: 239
Hedicke, 1939: 36
Rasmussen et al., 2009: 39
Foenus torridus Bradley, 1908: 118
Cresson, 1928: 11
Gasteruption torridum: Kieffer, 1912: 238–239
Hedicke, 1939: 36
Gasteruption Brasiliae Kieffer, 1911a: 305
Gasteruption brasiliae: Kieffer, 1912: 413-414
Hedicke, 1939: 35
De Santis, 1980: 297
Foenus floridanus Bradley, 1908: 112–113
Cresson, 1928: 11
Gasteruption floridanum: Kieffer, 1912: 238
Hedicke, 1939: 32
Smith, 1996: 492
Macedo, 2009: 7
Rhydinofoenus floridanus: Townes, 1950: 138
Alayo, 1972: 9
Rhydinofoenus floridanus bradleyi : Townes, 1950: 130
Townes, 1951: 661
LaBerge, 1956: 518
Walkley, 1967: 285
Gasteruption floridanum bradleyi : Carlson, 1979: 1117
Hoebeke, 1980: 25
Rhydinofoenus floridanus floridanus : Townes, 1950: 130
Townes, 1951: 661
Gasteruption floridanum floridanum : Carlson, 1979: 1117
A revision of Gasteruption Latreille (Hymenoptera: Gasteruptiidae) in the Neotropical Region 3030
Macedo, Antonio Carlos Cruz
Zootaxa
2011
2011-09-16
3030
1
1
62
Gasteruption brasiliense( Blanchard, 1840)( Fig. 8) Foenus brasiliensis Blanchard, 1840: 300(description); Westwood, 1843: 260(museum data); Guérin-Méneville, 1844: 406; Brullé, 1846: 530–531(redescription); Westwood, 1851: 219(redescription). Gasteruption brasiliense: Schletterer, 1885: 304(redescription), 317 (catalog); Schletterer, 1890: 469–470(redescription); Dalla Torre, 1902: 1065(catalog); Kieffer, 1902: 7(catalog); Kieffer, 1912: 238(in key), 311–312 (redescription); Hedicke, 1939: 35(catalog); De Santis, 1980: 297(catalog); Macedo, 2009: 7(cladistic analysis). Foenus gracillimus Westwood, 1843: 258(description). New synonymy Gasteruption gracillimum: Schletterer, 1885: 307(redescription), 319 (catalog); Schletterer, 1890: 471–472(= tenuicolle); Kieffer, 1902: 10(catalog); Kieffer, 1912: 239(in key), 315 (redescription); Hedicke, 1939: 35(catalog). Gasteruption longicauda Kieffer, 1904: 18(description); Kieffer, 1912: 239(in key), 313–314 (redescription); Hedicke, 1939: 35(catalog); De Santis, 1980: 297(catalog). New synonymy Gasteruption annulitarse Schrottky, 1906: 59(description), 61 (in key); Kieffer, 1912: 239(in key), 312 (redescription); Hedicke, 1939: 34(catalog); Rasmussen et al.,2009: 20(catalog). New synonymy Gasteruption petroselini Schrottky, 1906: 57–58(description), 61 (in key); Kieffer, 1912: 239(in key), 312–313 (redescription); Hedicke, 1939: 36(catalog); Rasmussen et al.,2009: 36(catalog). New synonymy Gasteruption subtropicale Schrottky, 1906: 58(description), 61 (in key); Kieffer, 1912: 239(in key), 313 (redescription); Hedicke, 1939: 36(catalog); Rasmussen et al.,2009: 39(catalog). New synonymy Foenus torridus Bradley, 1908: 118(description); Cresson, 1928: 11( lectotype). New synonymy Gasteruption torridum: Kieffer, 1912: 238–239(in key), 315 (redescription); Hedicke, 1939: 36(catalog). Gasteruption Brasiliae Kieffer, 1911a: 305(description). New synonymy Gasteruption brasiliae: Kieffer, 1912: 413-414(redescription); Hedicke, 1939: 35(in key); De Santis, 1980: 297(catalog).
Diagnosis.Differs from G. visaliaeby the occipital carina narrow dorsally and wider laterally ( Fig. 8b); and the mesosoma dark brown to black dorsally, and mostly red brown laterally ( Fig. 8d). Differs from other Neotropical species by the metacoxa with well-defined striae; the propleuron longer than or as long as the pronotum; the mesoscutum punctate ( Fig. 8c); the occipital carina narrow dorsally and wider laterally ( Fig. 8b); the mesepisternum ( Fig. 8d) and the propodeum areolate; the ovipositor sheath longer than the metasoma, and dark brown, with apex yellow brown ( Fig. 8e); and the fore wing discal cell present.
Redescription.Female( Fig. 8e). Length: 14.6 mm( 9.8–19.8 mm) (n=40); ovipositor sheath length 0.92 (0.77–1.08) × body length. Head.Subtrapezoidal in dorsal view, as long as wide ( Fig. 8a), punctulate; mandible pre-apical tooth distinct; malar space short, almost separated from gena; posterior ocellus inserted at the level of upper eye margin; occipital carina narrow dorsally and wider laterally ( Fig. 8b). Head length 1.26 (1.20–1.36) × eye length; eye length 18.81 (12.50–26.33) × malar space; distance from posterior ocellus to occipital margin 1.94 (1.38–2.71) × distance between posterior ocelli; 1 stflagellomere 1.18 (1.00–1.35) × as long as scape, 1.63 (1.38–2.00) × as long as pedicel, 0.62 (0.51–0.86) × as long as 2 ndflagellomere. Color: black, clypeus partially to entirely yellow brown, scape yellow brown to black, pedicel usually black to dark brown, proximal flagellomeres black (or dark brown), most distal flagellomeres lighter. FIGURE 8. Gasteruption brasiliense. a: head in dorsal view; b: head in lateral view; c: mesonotum in dorsal view; d: mesosoma in lateral view; e. habitus. Scale bar: 1.0 mm. Mesosoma.Propleuron imbricate, with irregular striae; pronotal process distinct; pronotum imbricate rugulose, area between lobes crenulate; mesonotum rounded in lateral view ( Fig. 8d); mesoscutum usually densely punctate (with sparse punctation in some specimens) ( Fig. 8c); mesoscutelum rugulose, with sparse punctation; mesepisternum imbricate (or rugulose) dorsally and areolate ventrally; mesepimeron scrobiculate; metapleuron areolate, ventral region with a reduced smooth portion; propodeum areolate, longitudinal carina indistinct or present; metacoxa finely striate. Mesosoma (excluding propleuron) 1.80 (1.56–1.92) × as long as high; propleuron 1.83 (1.56–2.19) × longer than its largest wide, 1.20 (1.01–1.40) × pronotum length; metacoxa 3.07 (2.60–3.60) × as long as wide; metatibia 5.06 (3.50–5.80) × as long as wide, 1.39 (1.27–1.45) × as long as femur, 2.85 (2.32–3.44) × as long as 1 sttarsomere. Fore wing discal cell subtriangular or subtrapezoidal (rarely petiolate); hind wing with 3 hamuli (rarely 2 or 4), not equidistant. Color: propleuron and mesonotum dark brown to black; pronotum red brown to black dorsally and red brown ventrally; mesopleuron and metapleuron red brown (with some black areas in several specimens), propodeum black to red brown (mesosoma, except for legs, can be entirely black or entirely red brown in some specimens); fore and middle legs with coxa, trochanter, femur and tibia red brown to dark brown, tibia with a yellow longitudinal stripe, tarsus yellow, with apical tarsomeres gradually darker than basal ones; hind leg with coxa black to red brown, trochanter, femur and tibia dark brown, subbasal portion of tibia yellow, 1 sttarsomere yellow, with base dark brown, 2 nd–3 rdyellow (rarely dark brown), 4 thdark brown (rarely yellow), 5 thdark brown. Metasoma.Imbricate, 3.15 (2.84–3.46) × as long as mesosoma; subgenital sternun notched, Y-shaped; ovipositor sheath 1.43 (1.16–1.65) × as long as metasoma. Color: metasoma red brown to dark brown; ovipositor sheath black to dark brown, with apex yellow brown. Male.First record. Similar to female; hind tarsus usually entirely dark brown. Geographic distribution: Argentina( Entre Ríos, Jujuy, La Rioja, Santiago del Estero), Bolivia, Brazil( Amazonas, Espírito Santo, Goiás, Maranhão, Minas Gerais, Mato Grosso, Pará, Paraná, Rio de Janeiro, Santa Catarina, São Paulo), Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guyana, Honduras, Mexico( Chiapas, Oaxaca, Puebla, Quintana Roo, Veracruz), Panama, Paraguay( Schrottky 1906), Peru, Trinidad and Tobago, Uruguay, Venezuela.
Material examined. Foenus gracillimus, syntypemale ( BMNHno. 3a 229): GUYANA: Demerara. Gasteruption longicauda, syntypefemale ( MNHN). BRAZIL: Goiás:Jataí. Foenus torridus, lectotypefemale ( ANSPno. 4848) designated by Cresson (1928): MEXICO:unspecified locality. Other material. ARGENTINA: Entre Ríos: Pronunciamiento, XI.1963, 1♀( CNCI); Jujuy: Yuto, 11.I.1966, H. & M. Townes, 4♀( AEIC); La Rioja: Miranda, 31.I.1970, L.E. Peña, 2♀( BMNH); Santiago del Estero: Bords du Rio Salado, 1904, E. R. Wagner, 1♀( MNHN); BOLIVIA: Beni: 20 kmW Laranjeiras, 3–5.VIII.1964, J.K. Bouseman& J. Lussenhop, 1♀, 1♂( AMNH); Rio Itenezat mouth Rio Baures, 10.X.1964, J.K. Bouseman& J. Lussenhop, 1♂( AMNH); Rio Itenez, opposite costa Marques( Brazil), 3.IX.1964, J.K. Bouseman& J. Lussenhop, 1♀( AMNH); BRAZIL: Amazonas: Mamirauá, várzea, 3º02'54,4"S 64º51'02,1"W, Malaise, 19–21.IX.1993, I.S. Gerayeb& O. T. Silveira, 1♀( MPEG); São Pedro da Água Branca, Faz. Esplana, 04º59'05"S 48º08'03"W, 07.XII.2001, J.A. Rafael& J. Vidal, 1♀, 3♂( INPA); Espírito Santo: Linhares, Res. Biol. Sooretama, 19º58'19.5"S40º32'10.3", Malaise, 24–27.III.2002, C.O. Azevedo, 1♀( MZSP); Goiás: Jataí, XI.1972, F.M. Oliveira, 1♀( AEIC); Maranhão: Imperatriz, Ribeirãozinho, Malaise, 5–10.VIII.1989, F.F. Ramos, 2♀, 1♂( MPEG); Minas Gerais: Águas Vermelhas, 15º45'S 11º28'W, 800 m, XII.1983, M. Alvarenga, 1♀( AEIC); Cáceres, XI.1984, M. Alvarenga, 1♀( AEIC); São Gonçalo Rio Abaixo, Est. Amb. Peti Cemig, 26.IX.2003, A.F. Kumagai, 1♀( MZSP); Mato Grosso: Chapadanear Cuiabá; 5♀( ANSP); Cuiabá, Horto, 12.VII.2006, A. Menezes Jr., 1♀( UEL); Pará: Belém, Utinga, 10–22.XI.1963, F.M. Oliveira& Wygodzinsky, 1 unknown gender ( AMNH); Benevides, 23– 24.III.1993, J.A. Pena, 1♀( MPEG); Ourém, Patauateua, Malaise, 23.VIII.1992, B. Mascarenhas, 1♂( MPEG); Primavera, Quaitipurpu, Faz. Feitoria, 26–27.XI.1992, J. Dias, 1♂( MPEG); São João das Pirabas, Boa Esperança, Malaise, 26–30.X.1989, N. Bittencourt, 1♀( MPEG); São João das Pirabas, Ilha Conceição, 20.XII.1992, J. Dias, 1♀( MPEG); Serra Norte, Est. Fofoca, 10. VI.1983, W. Franca, 1♀( MPEG); Serra Norte, Est. Manganês, 5– 9.IX.1983, R. B. Nets, 1♀( MPEG); Paraná: 8 kmNW Antonina, Rio Catitu, PR 405, 15. VI.2001, G.A. R. Melo, 1♀( DZUP); Céu Azul, Parque Nacional do Iguaçu, S22J0216997 W 7215744, 12–19.XII.05, Univ. Est. Londrina, 1♀( MZSP) Curitiba, XII.1938, Claretiano, 1♀( MZSP); Ponta Grossa, Caraquatá, Faz. And. Justus, XII.1942, unspecified collector, 1♀( DZUP); Ponta Grossa, IV.1948, C. Bruhn, 1♀( DZUP); Rolândia, IX.1948, R. Dirings, 1♀( MZSP); Rio de Janeiro: Guaratiba, I.1956, J.H. Guimarães, 1♀( MNRJ); Mangaratiba, VII.1838– II.1939, R. C. Shannon, 1♀( USNM); Rio de Janeiro, 1♀( MNHN); Santa Catarina: Nova Teutônia, 7.VIII.1937, 8.VIII.1938, 27.IX.1977, F. Plaumann, 4♀( BMNH); Nova Teutônia, 2.X.1941, 28.XI.1952, IX.1970, F. Plaumann, 5♀( AEIC); Nova Teutônia, 2.IX.1948, 31.III.1960, 25.IV.1960, 2.I.1961, 12.III.1961, II.1967, XI.1968, F. Plaumann, 7♀( CNCI); São Paulo: Ribeirão Preto, Campus USP, 23.VIII.1998, G.A. R. Melo, 1♀( DZUP); Teodoro Sampaio, XI.1977, M. Alvarenga, 1♀( AEIC); Teodoro Sampaio, XII.1985, F.M. Oliveira, 2♀( AEIC); COLOM- BIA: Arauca: Tame, 20–27.VII.1967, M. Cooper, 1♀( BMNH); Caldas: Norcasia, Moscovita, El Encanto, 5 o32’10”N 74 o52’33”W, 600 m, 10.I.2004, D. Quintana, 1♀( UNAB); Magdalena:PNN Tayrona Cañaveral, 11º20`N 74º2´W, 30 m, 30.VIII–19.IX.2000, R. Henriquez, 1♀( IAVH); PNN Tayrona, Cerro San Lucas, La Antena, 11º20`N 74º2´W, 700m, 19–24.VII.2002, M. Sharkey, D. Arias& E. Torres, 1♂( IAVH); Meta:PNN Tinigua Caño Nevera, 2º11`N 73º48´W, 390 m, 23.XII.2002– 7.I.2003, C. Sánchez, 1♀( IAVH); Valle del Cauca: 15 kmNW Cali, Rio Caucacom Rio Amaíme, 5.IX.1975, L.A. Stange, 1♀( IMLA); COSTA RICA:unspecified locality, 1920, P. Serre, 2♂( MNHN); Guanacaste: Baganes, P.N. Palo Verde, Sendero Guayacán, 20 m, Manual, 2–21.III.2000, Jiménez, 1♀( INBC); Est. Maritza, 1 kmE Estradaa Guajiniquil, 9–14. V.1996, Parataxonomos, 1♀( INBC); Est. Maritza, 600 m, lado O Vol. Orosi, 1992, 2♀( INBC); Est. Maritza, 600 m, lado O Vol. Orosi, 27.II– 10.III.1992, G. Rodrigues, 1♂( INBC); Est. Maritza, 600 m, lado O Vol. Orosi, 27.II–10.III.1992, R. Vargas, 1♀( INBC); Est. Maritza, 600 m, lado O Vol. Orosi, 28.II–10.III.1992, C. Cano, 1♀( INBC); Est. Sta Rosa, P.N. Guanacaste, 300 m, I.1991, I Curso Microhym., 1♀( INBC); Estacion Exper. Enrique Jimenez Nuñes, 20 kmSW Cañas, Malaise, 5–17.XI.1991, A.S. Menke, 1♀( USNM); Finca Loaiciga, 500 m, 6 kmS Sta. Cecília, P.N.Guanacaste, 6–28.I.1992, C. Moraga, 1♀( INBC); Finca Montezuma, 3 kmSE Rio Navanjo, 5–16.XI.1991, A.S. Menke, 1♂( USNM); Hojancha, Z.P. Nosara, Send. ShannonL. Ward, 500 m, 11–15.IV.2002, I.J. Morera, 1♀( INBC); Nosara, Sendero La Ceiba, 600 m, 19.I.2002, 20.III.2002, I.J. Morera, 2♀( INBC); Reserva PrivadaK. Magensen, 9º52.096'N 85º3.056'W, 500 m, 2–4.IV.2005, B. Brown, 5♂( HIC); Santa Rosa Park, Dry Hill, 17.V.1976, 6.XII.1976, 2.I.1978, 5.I.1978, D.H. Janzen, 1♀, 3♂( AEIC); Santa Rosa Park, Riparian, 14.V.1976, 15.V.1976, 16.V.1976, 8.V.1978, D.H. Janzen, 4♀( AEIC); Heredia: Estacion Biol. La Selva, 10º25'N 84º0'W, 80 m, 7. VI.1996, G.A. R. Melo, 1♀( DZUP); Limón: Sector Cerro Cocori, 150 m, VI.1991, E. Rojas, 1♀( INBC); Puntarenas: 8 kmS Rio Rincón, Coopemartí, 30 m, II.1991, P. Hanson& C. Godoy, 2♀( MUCR); San Luis, Fca. Buen Amigo, Monteverde, 4 km S de la Reserva, 1350m, VII.1997, Z. Fuentes, 1♀( INBC); San Vito, Estac. Biol. Las Alturas, 1500 m, I.1992, P. Hanson& C. Godoy, 2♀( MUCR); San José: Escazú, 20.V.1987, 21.V.1987, 22.V.1987, 24.V.1987, 25.V.1987, 26.V.1987, H. & M. Townes, 1♀, 19♂( AEIC); Escazú, 10.I.1988, W. T. Wcislo, 1♂( AEIC); ECUADOR: Chimborazo: Huigra, 4500 ft, 15. VI.1914, H.S. Parish, 1♀( USNM); Loja: La Toma, 18–19.XI.1970, L.E. Peña, 1♂( AEIC); Manabí: Portoviejo, 90 m, 22.XII.1971, M. Cooper, 1♀( BMNH); Napo: Res. Ethnica Waorani, 1 kmS Onkone Gare Camp., Camp. Trans. Ent., 00 o39´10"S 076 o26`W, 220 m, insectidal fogging, 8.II.1995, 6.X.1994, 2.VII.1995, T. L. Erwin, 2♀, 1♂( USNM); GUYANA: Barima-Waini: N.W.D. Mabaruma, VII.1929, L.D. Cleare, Jr., 1♀( BMNH); HONDURAS: Colón: Sangrelaya, 13.IV.1924, 1♀( USNM); MEXICO:unspecified locality, 1♀, 1♂( ANSP); unspecified locality, Deppe, 1♀( ZMHB); Chiapas: 20 miN Bachil, Yerba Buena, 5700 ft, Malaise, 8. VI.1969, H.J. Teskey, 1♂( CNCI); San Cristoballas Casas, 7200 ft, Malaise, 18. VI.1969, H.J. Teskey, 1♀( CNCI); Oaxaca: 6 miS Valle Nacional, 20. V.1971, H. Howden, 1♀( AEIC); Puebla: 2 miSE Tehuacán, 1.III.1972, F. Parker& D. Miller, 1♂( USNM); Quintana Roo:X-can, VIII.1963, E. Welling, 6♀, 4♂( CNCI); Veracruz: S. Lucrecia, Crawford, 1♀( USNM); PANAMA: Panama: P.N. Metropol., Mini Malaise, 6–10. V.1994, V. Rodrigues, 1♀( GBFM); Veraguas: Cabima, 24. V.1911, Busck, 1♀( USNM); PERU: Ica: Chanchamayo, 8.VIII.1949, J.M. Schunke, 1♀( BMNH); Lima: 4 kmNE Santa Eulalia, 2.VII.1995, J.G. Rozen& A. Ugarte, 1♀, 1 unknown gender ( AMNH); Chosica, 900 m, 10.I.1949, Weyrauch, 1♀, 1♂( IMLA); Madre de Dios: Pto. Maldonado, 1–6.XI.1984, Huggert, 1♀( AEIC); TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO:unspecified locality, IV.1935, F. Gerald, 1♀( BMNH); Morne Bleu, 7–28.VIII.1969, H. & A. Howden, 1♀( AEIC); URU- GUAY: Tacuarembo: 40 kmNW Tacuarembo, 2–9.II.1963, J.K. Bouseman, 1♀( AMNH); VENEZUELA: Aragua: 2 kmN Ocumare de la Costa, 31.III–2.IV.1981, A.S. Menke& L. Hollenberg, 1♂( USNM); El Límon, 480 m, 19.II.1973, 25.II.1973, 28.II.1973, 19.III.1973, 25.IV.1973, C.J. Rosales, 2♀, 3♂( MIZA); Lara: Yacambú N.P., 1200 m, 10.V.1981, 13.V.1981, H.K. Townes, 3♂( AEIC); Yacambú N.P., 1200 m, 13. V.1981, H.K. Townes, 1♂( CNCI); Miranda: P.N. Guatapo, 24 kmN Altagracia de Orituco, 640 m, Malaise, 5.IX.1975, 1♀( MIZA); Táchira: Pregonero, Camp. Siberia, Hospital, 1280 m, 10–31.VII.1989, S. & J. Peck, 1♀, 1♂( AEIC); Zulia: 6 kmN La Concepcion, 18. VI.1976, A.S. Menke& D. Vincent, 1♂( USNM); Puerto de Cata, 10–11. VI.1976, A.S. Menke& D. Vincent, 1♀( USNM).
Comments:Specimens designated as syntypesof Foenus brasiliensiswere not found. The locality data cited by Blanchard (1840)in the description is BRAZIL. However, there is an identified specimen in the MNHN with the following label data: “Rio-Janeiro, Foenus brasiliensis, Blanch”. This specimen lacked the head and the propleuron. Blanchard (1840)wrote “Cette espèce a été rapportée du Brésil par M. August Saint-Hilaire”. Brullé (1846)stated “Brésil (Rio-Janeiro), Aug. Saint-Hilaire”. So, this examined specimen may be a syntypeand it is supposed the type locality is Rio de Janeiro. Holotypesor syntypesof the following four species were not found. They are synonymyzed with G. brasiliensebased on original descriptions, and present the following combination of character states: discal cell present, ovipositor sheath longer than metasoma, and mesoscutum punctate. - Gasteruption brasiliae, syntypefemale. The locality data cited by Kieffer (1911a)in the description is BRA- ZIL Kieffer (1912)stated as locality “Santos”. - Gasteruption annulitarse, holotypefemale. Thelocality data cited by Schrottky (1906)in the description is PARAGUAY: Villa Encarnación, 6.II.1905. - Gasteruption petroselini, 3 female syntypes. Thelocality data cited by Schrottky (1906)in the description is PARAGUAY: Villa Encarnación, 31.I.1905, 6.II.1905, 8.II.1905. - Gasteruption subtropicale, holotypefemale. Thelocality data cited by Schrottky (1906)in the description is PARAGUAY: Villa Encarnación, 3.I.1905. The characteristics used by Schrottky (1906)to separate G. annulitarse, G. petroselini,and G. subtropicalerepresent slight difference in ovipositor length, relative size of color spots in ovipositor sheath, and superficial sculpture density, which vary between the specimens of G. brasiliense. The three Schrottky’s species presumably were lost with part of his collection ( De Santis 1996; Rasmussen et al.2009). Gasteruption floridanum( Bradley, 1908)
Foenus floridanus Bradley, 1908: 112–113(description); Cresson, 1928: 11( lectotype). Gasteruption floridanum: Kieffer, 1912: 238(in key), 307 (redescription); Hedicke, 1939: 32(catalog); Smith, 1996: 492(in key), 496 (diagnosis); Macedo, 2009: 7(cladistic analysis). Rhydinofoenus floridanus: Townes, 1950: 138(redescription); Alayo, 1972: 9(in key), 10 (redescription). Rhydinofoenus floridanus bradleyi: Townes, 1950: 130(in key), 139–140 (description); Townes, 1951: 661(catalog); LaBerge, 1956: 518(female paratype); Walkley, 1967: 285(host record). Gasteruption floridanum bradleyi: Carlson, 1979: 1117(catalog); Hoebeke, 1980: 25( paratypes). Rhydinofoenus floridanus floridanus: Townes, 1950: 130(in key), 140 (description); Townes, 1951: 661(catalog). Gasteruption floridanum floridanum: Carlson, 1979: 1117(catalog).
Diagnosis.Differs from other Neotropical species by the combination of the following characters: fore tibia red brown, without a yellow longitudinal stripe; occipital carina narrow dorsally and wider laterally; ovipositor sheath longer than metasoma, and dark brown, with apex yellow brown; fore wing discal cell subtriangular or subtrapezoidal; mesonotum rounded; mesoscutum densely punctate; propodeum areolate; mesepisternum areolate ventrally; metacoxa striate; head and mesosoma usually black (except legs).
Hosts. Hylaeus cressoni(Cockerell)and Trypoxylon frigidumSmith ( Walkley 1967). Geographic distribution: Canada( Townes 1950; Smith 1996), USA( Bradley 1908; Townes 1950; Smith 1996), Cuba( Bradley 1908; Alayo 1972).
Material examined. Lectotypefemale ( ANSPno. 4847): USA: Florida:Enterprise.
Comments. Bradley (1908)stated a paratypefrom Cuba( Havana) and Alayo (1972)identified two specimensfrom Laguna de Ariguanabo, Havana. I was not able to examine this material.
[504,1179,808,832]
Argentina
Entre Rios
23
24
1
Entre Rios
Amazonas
Bolivia
Para
23
24
1
Espirito Santo
Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guyana, Honduras
Chiapas
23
24
1
Chiapas
[430,1078,988,1013]
BMNH
Guyana
Demerara
23
24
1
syntype
[493,779,1024,1049]
MNHN
23
24
1
syntype
[789,1052,1024,1049]
Brazil
Goias
23
24
1
Goias
syntype
[391,1161,1132,1157]
1963-11
CNCI
Argentina
Pronunciamiento
23
24
1
1
Entre Rios
1966-01-11
AEIC
H. & M. Townes
Argentina
Yuto
23
24
4
4
Jujuy
[491,1111,1168,1193]
1970-01-31
BMNH
L. E. Pena
Argentina
Miranda
23
24
2
2
La Rioja
R, MNHN
Bords du Rio Salado & Wagner
Argentina
23
24
1
1
1964-08-03
1964-08-05
1964-08-03
AMNH
J. K. Bouseman & J. Lussenhop
Bolivia
20 km W Laranjeiras
23
24
2
1
1
Beni
1964-10-10
AMNH
J. K. Bouseman & J. Lussenhop
Bolivia
Rio Baures
Rio Itenez
23
24
1
1
1964-09-03
AMNH
J. K. Bouseman & J. Lussenhop
Bolivia
Rio Itenez
Brazil
Marques
23
24
1
1
1993-09-19
1993-09-21
1993-09-19
T, MPEG
I. S. Gerayeb & Silveira
Brazil
-3.0484445
Malaise
1
-64.85058
Mamiraua
23
24
1
1
Amazonas
2001-12-07
INPA
J. A. Rafael & J. Vidal
Brazil
-4.9847226
Faz. Esplana
21
-48.134167
Sao Pedro da Agua Branca
23
24
4
1
3
2002-03-24
2002-03-27
2002-03-24
MZSP
C. O. Azevedo
Brazil
Linhares
-19.972084
Malaise
Res. Biol. Sooretama
23
24
1
1
Espirito Santo
1972-11
AEIC
F. M. Oliveira
Brazil
Jatai
23
24
1
1
Goias
[253,1347,1456,1481]
1989-08-05
1989-08-10
1989-08-05
MPEG
F. F. Ramos
Brazil
Imperatriz
Malaise
Ribeiraozinho
23
24
3
2
1
Maranhao
1983-12
AEIC
M. Alvarenga
Brazil
800
-15.75
Aguas Vermelhas
1284
-11.466666
23
24
1
1
Minas Gerais
1984-11
AEIC
M. Alvarenga
Brazil
Caceres
23
24
1
1
[423,1431,1528,1552]
2003-09-26
MZSP
A. F. Kumagai
Brazil
Est. Amb. Peti Cemig
Rio Abaixo
23
24
1
1
[151,716,1564,1589]
ANSP
Cuiaba
Brazil
Chapada
23
24
5
5
Mato Grosso
[728,1356,1564,1588]
2006-07-12
UEL
A. Menezes Jr.
Brazil
Horto
Cuiaba
23
24
1
1
1963-11-10
1963-11-22
1963-11-10
AMNH
F. M. Oliveira & Wygodzinsky
Brazil
Utinga
Belem
23
24
1
Para
1993-03-23
1993-03-24
1993-03-23
MPEG
J. A. Pena
Brazil
Benevides
23
24
1
1
[562,1383,1636,1660]
1992-08-23
MPEG
B. Mascarenhas
Brazil
Ourem
Malaise
Patauateua
23
24
1
1
1992-11-26
1992-11-27
1992-11-26
MPEG
J. Dias
Brazil
Primavera
Faz. Feitoria
Quaitipurpu
23
24
1
1
1989-10-26
1989-10-30
1989-10-26
MPEG
Sao Joao das Pirabas & N. Bittencourt
Brazil
Malaise
Boa Esperanca
23
24
1
1
1992-12-20
MPEG
Sao Joao das Pirabas & J. Dias
Brazil
Ilha Conceicao
23
24
1
1
[313,1049,1744,1768]
1983-06-10
VI, MPEG
W. Franca
Brazil
Est. Fofoca
Serra Norte
23
24
1
1
1983-09-05
1983-09-09
1983-09-05
R, MPEG
B. Nets
Brazil
Est. Manganes
Serra Norte
23
24
1
1
2001-06-15
VI, R, DZUP
Melo
Brazil
Rio Catitu
23
24
1
1
Parana
MZSP
Parque Nacional do Iguacu, S & Univ. Est. Londrina
Brazil
Ceu Azul
23
24
1
1
[298,801,1852,1876]
1938-12
MZSP
Claretiano
Brazil
Curitiba
23
24
1
1
1942-12
DZUP
Brazil
Ponta Grossa
Faz. And. Justus
Caraquata
23
24
1
1
[550,1075,1888,1912]
1948-04
DZUP
C. Bruhn
Brazil
Ponta Grossa
23
24
1
1
1948-09
R, MZSP
Dirings
Brazil
Rolandia
23
24
1
1
[305,1058,1924,1949]
1956-01
MNRJ
J. H. Guimaraes
Brazil
Guaratiba
23
24
1
1
Rio de Janeiro
1838-07
1939-02
1838-07
R, USNM
C. Shannon
Brazil
Mangaratiba
23
24
1
1
[509,866,1960,1984]
MNHN
Brazil
Rio de Janeiro
23
24
1
1
Rio de Janeiro
7. VIII. 1937, 8. VIII. 1938, 27. IX. 1977
BMNH
F. Plaumann
Brazil
Nova Teutonia
23
24
4
4
Santa Catarina
2. X. 1941, 28. XI. 1952, IX. 1970
AEIC
F. Plaumann
Brazil
24
25
Nova Teutonia
23
24
5
5
2. IX. 1948, 31. III. 1960, 25. IV. 1960, 2. I. 1961, 12. III. 1961, II. 1967, XI. 1968
CNCI
F. Plaumann
Brazil
Nova Teutonia
24
25
7
7
[376,1329,187,212]
1998-08-23
USP, R, DZUP
Melo
Brazil
Campus
Ribeirao Preto
24
25
1
1
Sao Paulo
1977-11
AEIC
M. Alvarenga
Brazil
Teodoro Sampaio
24
25
1
1
1985-12
AEIC, COLOM-, BIA
F. M. Oliveira
Brazil
Teodoro Sampaio
24
25
2
2
[223,917,259,284]
1967-07-20
1967-07-27
1967-07-20
BMNH
M. Cooper
Brazil
Tame
24
25
1
1
Arauca
2004-01-10
UNAB
D. Quintana
Brazil
Norcasia
600
5.536111
El Encanto
21
-74.87583
Moscovita
24
25
1
1
Caldas
2000-08-30
2000-09-19
2000-08-30
R, IAVH
Henriquez
Brazil
30
11.333333
Tayrona Canaveral
1295
-74.03333
24
25
1
1
Magdalena
2002-07-19
2002-07-24
2002-07-19
IAVH
M. Sharkey & D. Arias & Torres
Brazil
Tayrona
700
11.333333
La Antena
1295
-74.03333
Cerro San Lucas
24
25
1
1
2002-12-23
2003-01-07
2002-12-23
IAVH
C. Sanchez
Brazil
390
2.1833334
Tinigua Cano Nevera
1307
-73.8
24
25
1
1
Meta
Brazil
15 km NW Cali
24
25
1
Valle del Cauca
[347,1103,442,466]
1975-09-05
IMLA
L. A. Stange
Brazil
Rio Amaime
24
25
1
1
Rio Cauca
MNHN
Serre
Costa Rica
COSTA RICA
24
25
2
2
2000-03-02
2000-03-21
2000-03-02
INBC
Baganes, P. N. Palo Verde & Baganes, P. N. & Palo Verde & Sendero Guayacan & Jimenez
Costa Rica
20
Manual
24
25
1
1
Guanacaste
1996-05-09
1996-05-14
1996-05-09
V, INBC
Parataxonomos
Costa Rica
Guajiniquil
Est. Maritza
24
25
1
1
[252,904,551,575]
INBC
O Vol. Orosi
Costa Rica
600
Est. Maritza
24
25
2
2
1992-02-27
1992-03-10
1992-02-27
INBC
O Vol. Orosi & G. Rodrigues
Costa Rica
600
Est. Maritza
24
25
1
1
1992-02-27
1992-03-10
1992-02-27
R, INBC
O Vol. Orosi & Vargas
Costa Rica
600
Est. Maritza
24
25
1
1
[256,1198,623,647]
1992-02-28
1992-03-10
1992-02-28
INBC
O Vol. Orosi & C. Cano
Costa Rica
600
Est. Maritza
24
25
1
1
1991-01
INBC
Rosa, P. N. & I Curso Microhym.
Costa Rica
300
Guanacaste
Sta
24
25
1
1
1991-11-05
1991-11-17
1991-11-05
USNM
A. S. Menke
Costa Rica
Malaise
Estacion Exper. Enrique Jimenez Nunes
24
25
1
1
1992-01-06
1992-01-28
1992-01-06
INBC
P. N. Guanacaste & C. Moraga
Costa Rica
500
Finca Loaiciga
24
25
1
1
1991-11-05
1991-11-16
1991-11-05
USNM
A. S. Menke
Costa Rica
Finca Montezuma
24
25
1
1
[313,1431,767,791]
2002-04-11
2002-04-15
2002-04-11
INBC
Hojancha, Z. P & I. J. Morera
Costa Rica
Nosara
500
Ward
Send. Shannon
24
25
1
1
[151,1077,802,826]
19. I. 2002, 20. III. 2002
INBC
I. J. Morera
Costa Rica
600
Sendero La Ceiba
Nosara
24
25
2
2
2005-04-02
2005-04-04
2005-04-02
HIC
B. Brown
Costa Rica
500
9.868267
Magensen
1
-85.050934
Reserva Privada
24
25
5
5
17. V. 1976, 6. XII. 1976, 2. I. 1978, 5. I. 1978
AEIC
D. H. Janzen
Costa Rica
Dry Hill
Santa Rosa Park
24
25
4
1
3
14. V. 1976, 15. V. 1976, 16. V. 1976, 8. V. 1978
AEIC
D. H. Janzen
Costa Rica
Riparian
Santa Rosa Park
24
25
4
4
1996-06-07
VI, R, DZUP
Melo
Costa Rica
80
10.416667
Estacion Biol. La Selva
1298
-84.0
24
25
1
1
Heredia
[588,1366,946,971]
1991-06
VI, INBC
E. Rojas
Costa Rica
150
Sector Cerro Cocori
24
25
1
1
Limon
1991-02
MUCR
P. Hanson & C. Godoy
Costa Rica
30
Coopemarti
24
25
2
2
Puntarenas
1997-07
INBC
S de la Reserva & Z. Fuentes
Costa Rica
San Luis
1350
Monteverde
Fca. Buen Amigo
24
25
1
1
1992-01
MUCR
P. Hanson & C. Godoy
Costa Rica
1500
Estac. Biol. Las Alturas
San Vito
24
25
2
2
20. V. 1987, 21. V. 1987, 22. V. 1987, 24. V. 1987, 25. V. 1987, 26. V. 1987
AEIC
H. & M. Townes
Costa Rica
Escazu
24
25
20
1
19
San Jose
1988-01-10
T, AEIC
Wcislo
Costa Rica
Escazu
24
25
1
1
[293,1241,1126,1151]
1914-06-15
VI, USNM
H. S. Parish
Ecuador
1372
Huigra
24
25
1
1
Chimborazo
1970-11-18
1970-11-19
1970-11-18
AEIC
La Toma & L. E. Pena
Ecuador
Loja
24
25
1
1
Loja
[601,1351,1162,1187]
1971-12-22
BMNH
M. Cooper
Ecuador
90
Portoviejo
24
25
1
1
Manabi
8. II. 1995, 6. X. 1994, 2. VII. 1995
T, USNM
L. Erwin
Ecuador
220
-0.65277773
Camp. Trans. Ent.
925
-76.433334
Res. Ethnica Waorani
24
25
3
2
1
Napo
1929-07
BMNH
N. W. D. Mabaruma & L. D. Cleare & Jr.
Guyana
Barima-Waini
24
25
1
1
Barima-Waini
[746,1432,1273,1298]
1924-04-13
USNM
Honduras
Sangrelaya
24
25
1
1
Colon
[151,716,1309,1334]
ANSP
Mexico
MEXICO
24
25
2
1
1
[730,1206,1309,1333]
ZMHB
Mexico
Deppe
24
25
1
1
1969-06-08
VI, CNCI
H. J. Teskey
Mexico
1737
Malaise
Yerba Buena
24
25
1
1
Chiapas
1969-06-18
VI, CNCI
H. J. Teskey
Mexico
San Cristobal
2195
Malaise
Casas
24
25
1
1
[646,1431,1381,1406]
1971-05-20
V, AEIC
H. Howden
Mexico
6 mi S Valle Nacional
24
25
1
1
Oaxaca
[151,1003,1417,1441]
1972-03-01
USNM
F. Parker & D. Miller
2 mi SE Tehuacan
24
25
1
1
Puebla
1963-08
CNCI
E. Welling
Quintana Roo
24
25
10
6
4
Quintana Roo
[449,991,1453,1478]
USNM
S. Lucrecia & Crawford
Veracruz
24
25
1
1
Veracruz
1994-05-06
1994-05-10
1994-05-06
V, GBFM
P. N. Metropol. & Rodrigues
Panama
Panama
24
25
1
1
Panama
[821,1432,1489,1513]
1911-05-24
V, USNM
Busck
Panama
Cabima
24
25
1
1
Veraguas
[151,938,1525,1550]
1949-08-08
BMNH
J. M. Schunke
Peru
Chanchamayo
24
25
1
1
Ica
1995-07-02
AMNH
J. G. Rozen & A. Ugarte
Peru
4 km NE Santa Eulalia
24
25
1
1
Lima
[812,1432,1561,1585]
1949-01-10
IMLA
Weyrauch
Peru
900
Chosica
24
25
2
1
1
Lima
[151,935,1597,1622]
1984-11-01
1984-11-06
1984-11-01
AEIC
Huggert
Peru
Pto. Maldonado
24
25
1
1
Madre de Dios
1935-04
BMNH
Gerald
Trinidad and Tobago
TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO
24
25
1
1
Madre de Dios
[649,1351,1633,1657]
1969-08-07
1969-08-28
1969-08-07
AEIC
H. & A. Howden
Trinidad and Tobago
Morne Bleu
24
25
1
1
Madre de Dios
1969-08-07
1969-08-28
1969-08-07
URU-, GUAY
H. & A. Howden
Trinidad and Tobago
true
Morne Bleu
24
25
1
Madre de Dios
[245,1177,1669,1694]
1963-02-02
1963-02-09
1963-02-02
AMNH
J. K. Bouseman
Trinidad and Tobago
40 km NW Tacuarembo
24
25
1
1
Tacuarembo
1981-03-31
1981-04-02
1981-03-31
USNM
A. S. Menke & L. Hollenberg
Venezuela
2 km N Ocumare de la Costa
24
25
1
1
Aragua
19. II. 1973, 25. II. 1973, 28. II. 1973, 19. III. 1973, 25. IV. 1973
MIZA
C. J. Rosales
Venezuela
480
El Limon
24
25
5
2
3
Aragua
10. V. 1981, 13. V. 1981
AEIC
Yacambu N. P. & H. K. Townes
Venezuela
1200
Lara
24
25
3
3
Lara
1981-05-13
V, CNCI
Yacambu N. P. & Townes
Venezuela
1200
24
25
1
1
Lara
[251,1347,1813,1838]
1975-09-05
MIZA
P. N. Guatapo
Venezuela
640
Malaise
24
25
1
1
Miranda
1989-07-10
1989-07-31
1989-07-10
AEIC
S. & J. Peck
Venezuela
Pregonero
1280
Hospital
Camp. Siberia
24
25
2
1
1
Tachira
1976-06-18
VI, USNM
A. S. Menke & D. Vincent
Venezuela
6 km N La Concepcion
24
25
1
1
Zulia
1976-06-10
1976-06-11
1976-06-10
VI, USNM
A. S. Menke & D. Vincent
Venezuela
Puerto de Cata
24
25
1
1
Zulia
1905-02-06
Paraguay
The
Villa Encarnacion
25
26
1
holotype
31. I. 1905, 6. II. 1905, 8. II. 1905
Paraguay
The
Villa Encarnacion
25
26
3
3
syntype
1905-01-03
Paraguay
The
Villa Encarnacion
25
26
1
holotype
[439,1150,1578,1603]
ANSP
United States of America
Florida
25
26
1
lectotype