Gasteruption brasiliense ( Blanchard, 1840 ) Foenus brasiliensis Blanchard, 1840: 300 Westwood, 1843: 260 Guérin-Méneville, 1844: 406 Brullé, 1846: 530–531 Westwood, 1851: 219 Gasteruption brasiliense: Schletterer, 1885: 304 Schletterer, 1890: 469–470 Dalla Torre, 1902: 1065 Kieffer, 1902: 7 Kieffer, 1912: 238 Hedicke, 1939: 35 De Santis, 1980: 297 Macedo, 2009: 7 Foenus gracillimus Westwood, 1843: 258 Gasteruption gracillimum: Schletterer, 1885: 307 Schletterer, 1890: 471–472 tenuicolle Kieffer, 1902: 10 Kieffer, 1912: 239 Hedicke, 1939: 35 Gasteruption longicauda Kieffer, 1904: 18 Kieffer, 1912: 239 Hedicke, 1939: 35 De Santis, 1980: 297 Gasteruption annulitarse Schrottky, 1906: 59 Kieffer, 1912: 239 Hedicke, 1939: 34 Rasmussen et al., 2009: 20 Gasteruption petroselini Schrottky, 1906: 57–58 Kieffer, 1912: 239 Hedicke, 1939: 36 Rasmussen et al., 2009: 36 Gasteruption subtropicale Schrottky, 1906: 58 Kieffer, 1912: 239 Hedicke, 1939: 36 Rasmussen et al., 2009: 39 Foenus torridus Bradley, 1908: 118 Cresson, 1928: 11 Gasteruption torridum: Kieffer, 1912: 238–239 Hedicke, 1939: 36 Gasteruption Brasiliae Kieffer, 1911a: 305 Gasteruption brasiliae: Kieffer, 1912: 413-414 Hedicke, 1939: 35 De Santis, 1980: 297 Foenus floridanus Bradley, 1908: 112–113 Cresson, 1928: 11 Gasteruption floridanum: Kieffer, 1912: 238 Hedicke, 1939: 32 Smith, 1996: 492 Macedo, 2009: 7 Rhydinofoenus floridanus: Townes, 1950: 138 Alayo, 1972: 9 Rhydinofoenus floridanus bradleyi : Townes, 1950: 130 Townes, 1951: 661 LaBerge, 1956: 518 Walkley, 1967: 285 Gasteruption floridanum bradleyi : Carlson, 1979: 1117 Hoebeke, 1980: 25 Rhydinofoenus floridanus floridanus : Townes, 1950: 130 Townes, 1951: 661 Gasteruption floridanum floridanum : Carlson, 1979: 1117 A revision of Gasteruption Latreille (Hymenoptera: Gasteruptiidae) in the Neotropical Region 3030 Macedo, Antonio Carlos Cruz Zootaxa 2011 2011-09-16 3030 1 1 62     Gasteruption brasiliense( Blanchard, 1840)( Fig. 8)     Foenus brasiliensis Blanchard, 1840: 300(description);  Westwood, 1843: 260(museum data);  Guérin-Méneville, 1844: 406;  Brullé, 1846: 530–531(redescription);  Westwood, 1851: 219(redescription).     Gasteruption brasiliense: Schletterer, 1885: 304(redescription), 317 (catalog);  Schletterer, 1890: 469–470(redescription);  Dalla Torre, 1902: 1065(catalog);  Kieffer, 1902: 7(catalog);  Kieffer, 1912: 238(in key), 311–312 (redescription);  Hedicke, 1939: 35(catalog);  De Santis, 1980: 297(catalog);  Macedo, 2009: 7(cladistic analysis).     Foenus gracillimus Westwood, 1843: 258(description). New synonymy     Gasteruption gracillimum: Schletterer, 1885: 307(redescription), 319 (catalog);  Schletterer, 1890: 471–472(=  tenuicolle);  Kieffer, 1902: 10(catalog);  Kieffer, 1912: 239(in key), 315 (redescription);  Hedicke, 1939: 35(catalog).     Gasteruption longicauda Kieffer, 1904: 18(description);  Kieffer, 1912: 239(in key), 313–314 (redescription);  Hedicke, 1939: 35(catalog);  De Santis, 1980: 297(catalog). New synonymy     Gasteruption annulitarse Schrottky, 1906: 59(description), 61 (in key);  Kieffer, 1912: 239(in key), 312 (redescription);  Hedicke, 1939: 34(catalog);  Rasmussen et al.,2009: 20(catalog). New synonymy     Gasteruption petroselini Schrottky, 1906: 57–58(description), 61 (in key);  Kieffer, 1912: 239(in key), 312–313 (redescription);  Hedicke, 1939: 36(catalog);  Rasmussen et al.,2009: 36(catalog). New synonymy     Gasteruption subtropicale Schrottky, 1906: 58(description), 61 (in key);  Kieffer, 1912: 239(in key), 313 (redescription);  Hedicke, 1939: 36(catalog);  Rasmussen et al.,2009: 39(catalog). New synonymy     Foenus torridus Bradley, 1908: 118(description);  Cresson, 1928: 11( lectotype). New synonymy     Gasteruption torridum: Kieffer, 1912: 238–239(in key), 315 (redescription);  Hedicke, 1939: 36(catalog).     Gasteruption Brasiliae Kieffer, 1911a: 305(description). New synonymy     Gasteruption brasiliae: Kieffer, 1912: 413-414(redescription);  Hedicke, 1939: 35(in key);  De Santis, 1980: 297(catalog).   Diagnosis.Differs from  G. visaliaeby the occipital carina narrow dorsally and wider laterally ( Fig. 8b); and the mesosoma dark brown to black dorsally, and mostly red brown laterally ( Fig. 8d). Differs from other Neotropical species by the metacoxa with well-defined striae; the propleuron longer than or as long as the pronotum; the mesoscutum punctate ( Fig. 8c); the occipital carina narrow dorsally and wider laterally ( Fig. 8b); the mesepisternum ( Fig. 8d) and the propodeum areolate; the ovipositor sheath longer than the metasoma, and dark brown, with apex yellow brown ( Fig. 8e); and the fore wing discal cell present.    Redescription.Female( Fig. 8e). Length: 14.6 mm( 9.8–19.8 mm) (n=40); ovipositor sheath length 0.92 (0.77–1.08) × body length.  Head.Subtrapezoidal in dorsal view, as long as wide ( Fig. 8a), punctulate; mandible pre-apical tooth distinct; malar space short, almost separated from gena; posterior ocellus inserted at the level of upper eye margin; occipital carina narrow dorsally and wider laterally ( Fig. 8b). Head length 1.26 (1.20–1.36) × eye length; eye length 18.81 (12.50–26.33) × malar space; distance from posterior ocellus to occipital margin 1.94 (1.38–2.71) × distance between posterior ocelli; 1 stflagellomere 1.18 (1.00–1.35) × as long as scape, 1.63 (1.38–2.00) × as long as pedicel, 0.62 (0.51–0.86) × as long as 2 ndflagellomere. Color: black, clypeus partially to entirely yellow brown, scape yellow brown to black, pedicel usually black to dark brown, proximal flagellomeres black (or dark brown), most distal flagellomeres lighter.   FIGURE 8.  Gasteruption brasiliense. a: head in dorsal view; b: head in lateral view; c: mesonotum in dorsal view; d: mesosoma in lateral view; e. habitus. Scale bar: 1.0 mm.  Mesosoma.Propleuron imbricate, with irregular striae; pronotal process distinct; pronotum imbricate rugulose, area between lobes crenulate; mesonotum rounded in lateral view ( Fig. 8d); mesoscutum usually densely punctate (with sparse punctation in some specimens) ( Fig. 8c); mesoscutelum rugulose, with sparse punctation; mesepisternum imbricate (or rugulose) dorsally and areolate ventrally; mesepimeron scrobiculate; metapleuron areolate, ventral region with a reduced smooth portion; propodeum areolate, longitudinal carina indistinct or present; metacoxa finely striate. Mesosoma (excluding propleuron) 1.80 (1.56–1.92) × as long as high; propleuron 1.83 (1.56–2.19) × longer than its largest wide, 1.20 (1.01–1.40) × pronotum length; metacoxa 3.07 (2.60–3.60) × as long as wide; metatibia 5.06 (3.50–5.80) × as long as wide, 1.39 (1.27–1.45) × as long as femur, 2.85 (2.32–3.44) × as long as 1 sttarsomere. Fore wing discal cell subtriangular or subtrapezoidal (rarely petiolate); hind wing with 3 hamuli (rarely 2 or 4), not equidistant. Color: propleuron and mesonotum dark brown to black; pronotum red brown to black dorsally and red brown ventrally; mesopleuron and metapleuron red brown (with some black areas in several specimens), propodeum black to red brown (mesosoma, except for legs, can be entirely black or entirely red brown in some specimens); fore and middle legs with coxa, trochanter, femur and tibia red brown to dark brown, tibia with a yellow longitudinal stripe, tarsus yellow, with apical tarsomeres gradually darker than basal ones; hind leg with coxa black to red brown, trochanter, femur and tibia dark brown, subbasal portion of tibia yellow, 1 sttarsomere yellow, with base dark brown, 2 nd–3 rdyellow (rarely dark brown), 4 thdark brown (rarely yellow), 5 thdark brown.  Metasoma.Imbricate, 3.15 (2.84–3.46) × as long as mesosoma; subgenital sternun notched, Y-shaped; ovipositor sheath 1.43 (1.16–1.65) × as long as metasoma. Color: metasoma red brown to dark brown; ovipositor sheath black to dark brown, with apex yellow brown.  Male.First record. Similar to female; hind tarsus usually entirely dark brown.  Geographic distribution:  Argentina( Entre Ríos, Jujuy, La Rioja, Santiago del Estero),  Bolivia, Brazil( Amazonas, Espírito Santo, Goiás, Maranhão, Minas Gerais, Mato Grosso, Pará, Paraná, Rio de Janeiro, Santa Catarina, São Paulo),   Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guyana, Honduras, Mexico( Chiapas, Oaxaca, Puebla, Quintana Roo, Veracruz), Panama, Paraguay( Schrottky 1906),  Peru, Trinidad and Tobago, Uruguay, Venezuela.   Material examined.   Foenus gracillimus,  syntypemale ( BMNHno. 3a 229):  GUYANA: Demerara.   Gasteruption longicauda,  syntypefemale ( MNHN).   BRAZIL: Goiás:Jataí.   Foenus torridus, lectotypefemale ( ANSPno. 4848) designated by Cresson (1928):  MEXICO:unspecified locality. Other material.   ARGENTINA: Entre Ríos: Pronunciamiento,  XI.1963, 1♀( CNCI);   Jujuy: Yuto,  11.I.1966, H. & M. Townes, 4♀( AEIC);   La Rioja: Miranda,  31.I.1970, L.E. Peña, 2♀( BMNH);   Santiago del Estero: Bords du Rio Salado, 1904, E. R. Wagner, 1♀( MNHN);   BOLIVIA: Beni:  20 kmW Laranjeiras,  3–5.VIII.1964, J.K. Bouseman& J. Lussenhop, 1♀, 1♂( AMNH);  Rio Itenezat mouth Rio Baures,  10.X.1964, J.K. Bouseman& J. Lussenhop, 1♂( AMNH);  Rio Itenez, opposite costa Marques( Brazil),  3.IX.1964, J.K. Bouseman& J. Lussenhop, 1♀( AMNH);   BRAZIL: Amazonas: Mamirauá, várzea, 3º02'54,4"S 64º51'02,1"W, Malaise,  19–21.IX.1993, I.S. Gerayeb& O. T. Silveira, 1♀( MPEG);  São Pedro da Água Branca, Faz. Esplana, 04º59'05"S 48º08'03"W,  07.XII.2001, J.A. Rafael& J. Vidal, 1♀, 3♂( INPA);   Espírito Santo: Linhares, Res. Biol. Sooretama, 19º58'19.5"S40º32'10.3", Malaise,  24–27.III.2002, C.O. Azevedo, 1♀( MZSP);   Goiás: Jataí,  XI.1972, F.M. Oliveira, 1♀( AEIC);   Maranhão: Imperatriz, Ribeirãozinho, Malaise,  5–10.VIII.1989, F.F. Ramos, 2♀, 1♂( MPEG);   Minas Gerais: Águas Vermelhas, 15º45'S 11º28'W,  800 m,  XII.1983, M. Alvarenga, 1♀( AEIC);  Cáceres,  XI.1984, M. Alvarenga, 1♀( AEIC); São Gonçalo Rio Abaixo, Est. Amb. Peti Cemig,  26.IX.2003, A.F. Kumagai, 1♀( MZSP);   Mato Grosso: Chapadanear Cuiabá; 5♀( ANSP);  Cuiabá, Horto,  12.VII.2006, A. Menezes Jr., 1♀( UEL);   Pará: Belém, Utinga,  10–22.XI.1963, F.M. Oliveira& Wygodzinsky, 1 unknown gender ( AMNH);  Benevides,  23– 24.III.1993, J.A. Pena, 1♀( MPEG);  Ourém, Patauateua, Malaise,  23.VIII.1992, B. Mascarenhas, 1♂( MPEG);  Primavera, Quaitipurpu, Faz. Feitoria,  26–27.XI.1992, J. Dias, 1♂( MPEG);  São João das Pirabas, Boa Esperança, Malaise,  26–30.X.1989, N. Bittencourt, 1♀( MPEG);  São João das Pirabas, Ilha Conceição,  20.XII.1992, J. Dias, 1♀( MPEG);  Serra Norte, Est. Fofoca,  10. VI.1983, W. Franca, 1♀( MPEG);  Serra Norte, Est. Manganês,  5– 9.IX.1983, R. B. Nets, 1♀( MPEG);   Paraná:  8 kmNW Antonina, Rio Catitu, PR 405,  15. VI.2001, G.A. R. Melo, 1♀( DZUP);  Céu Azul, Parque Nacional do Iguaçu, S22J0216997 W 7215744, 12–19.XII.05, Univ. Est. Londrina, 1♀( MZSP)  Curitiba,  XII.1938, Claretiano, 1♀( MZSP);  Ponta Grossa, Caraquatá, Faz. And. Justus,  XII.1942, unspecified collector, 1♀( DZUP);  Ponta Grossa,  IV.1948, C. Bruhn, 1♀( DZUP);  Rolândia,  IX.1948, R. Dirings, 1♀( MZSP);   Rio de Janeiro: Guaratiba,  I.1956, J.H. Guimarães, 1♀( MNRJ);  Mangaratiba,  VII.1838–  II.1939, R. C. Shannon, 1♀( USNM);  Rio de Janeiro, 1♀( MNHN);   Santa Catarina: Nova Teutônia,  7.VIII.1937, 8.VIII.1938, 27.IX.1977, F. Plaumann, 4♀( BMNH);  Nova Teutônia,  2.X.1941, 28.XI.1952, IX.1970, F. Plaumann, 5♀( AEIC);  Nova Teutônia,  2.IX.1948, 31.III.1960, 25.IV.1960, 2.I.1961, 12.III.1961, II.1967, XI.1968, F. Plaumann, 7♀( CNCI);   São Paulo: Ribeirão Preto, Campus USP,  23.VIII.1998, G.A. R. Melo, 1♀( DZUP);  Teodoro Sampaio,  XI.1977, M. Alvarenga, 1♀( AEIC);  Teodoro Sampaio,  XII.1985, F.M. Oliveira, 2♀( AEIC); COLOM- BIA:   Arauca: Tame,  20–27.VII.1967, M. Cooper, 1♀( BMNH);   Caldas: Norcasia, Moscovita, El Encanto, 5 o32’10”N 74 o52’33”W,  600 m,  10.I.2004, D. Quintana, 1♀( UNAB);   Magdalena:PNN Tayrona Cañaveral, 11º20`N 74º2´W,  30 m,  30.VIII–19.IX.2000, R. Henriquez, 1♀( IAVH); PNN Tayrona, Cerro San Lucas, La Antena, 11º20`N 74º2´W,  700m,  19–24.VII.2002, M. Sharkey, D. Arias& E. Torres, 1♂( IAVH);   Meta:PNN Tinigua Caño Nevera, 2º11`N 73º48´W,  390 m,  23.XII.2002–  7.I.2003, C. Sánchez, 1♀( IAVH);   Valle del Cauca:  15 kmNW Cali,  Rio Caucacom Rio Amaíme,  5.IX.1975, L.A. Stange, 1♀( IMLA);   COSTA RICA:unspecified locality, 1920, P. Serre, 2♂( MNHN);   Guanacaste: Baganes, P.N. Palo Verde, Sendero Guayacán,  20 m, Manual,  2–21.III.2000, Jiménez, 1♀( INBC);  Est. Maritza,  1 kmE Estradaa Guajiniquil,  9–14. V.1996, Parataxonomos, 1♀( INBC);  Est. Maritza,  600 m, lado O Vol. Orosi, 1992, 2♀( INBC);  Est. Maritza,  600 m, lado O Vol. Orosi,  27.II– 10.III.1992, G. Rodrigues, 1♂( INBC);  Est. Maritza,  600 m, lado O Vol. Orosi,  27.II–10.III.1992, R. Vargas, 1♀( INBC);  Est. Maritza,  600 m, lado O Vol. Orosi,  28.II–10.III.1992, C. Cano, 1♀( INBC); Est. Sta Rosa, P.N. Guanacaste,  300 m,  I.1991, I Curso Microhym., 1♀( INBC);  Estacion Exper. Enrique Jimenez Nuñes,  20 kmSW Cañas, Malaise,  5–17.XI.1991, A.S. Menke, 1♀( USNM);  Finca Loaiciga,  500 m,  6 kmS Sta. Cecília, P.N.Guanacaste,  6–28.I.1992, C. Moraga, 1♀( INBC);  Finca Montezuma,  3 kmSE Rio Navanjo,  5–16.XI.1991, A.S. Menke, 1♂( USNM);  Hojancha, Z.P. Nosara, Send. ShannonL. Ward,  500 m,  11–15.IV.2002, I.J. Morera, 1♀( INBC);  Nosara, Sendero La Ceiba,  600 m,  19.I.2002, 20.III.2002, I.J. Morera, 2♀( INBC);  Reserva PrivadaK. Magensen, 9º52.096'N 85º3.056'W,  500 m,  2–4.IV.2005, B. Brown, 5♂( HIC);  Santa Rosa Park, Dry Hill,  17.V.1976, 6.XII.1976, 2.I.1978, 5.I.1978, D.H. Janzen, 1♀, 3♂( AEIC);  Santa Rosa Park, Riparian,  14.V.1976, 15.V.1976, 16.V.1976, 8.V.1978, D.H. Janzen, 4♀( AEIC);   Heredia: Estacion Biol. La Selva, 10º25'N 84º0'W,  80 m,  7. VI.1996, G.A. R. Melo, 1♀( DZUP);   Limón: Sector Cerro Cocori,  150 m,   VI.1991, E. Rojas, 1♀( INBC);   Puntarenas:  8 kmS Rio Rincón, Coopemartí,  30 m,  II.1991, P. Hanson& C. Godoy, 2♀( MUCR);  San Luis, Fca. Buen Amigo, Monteverde, 4 km S de la Reserva,  1350m,  VII.1997, Z. Fuentes, 1♀( INBC);  San Vito, Estac. Biol. Las Alturas,  1500 m,  I.1992, P. Hanson& C. Godoy, 2♀( MUCR);   San José: Escazú,  20.V.1987, 21.V.1987, 22.V.1987, 24.V.1987, 25.V.1987, 26.V.1987, H. & M. Townes, 1♀, 19♂( AEIC);  Escazú,  10.I.1988, W. T. Wcislo, 1♂( AEIC);   ECUADOR: Chimborazo: Huigra,  4500 ft,  15. VI.1914, H.S. Parish, 1♀( USNM);   Loja: La Toma,  18–19.XI.1970, L.E. Peña, 1♂( AEIC);   Manabí: Portoviejo,  90 m,  22.XII.1971, M. Cooper, 1♀( BMNH);   Napo: Res. Ethnica Waorani,  1 kmS Onkone Gare Camp., Camp. Trans. Ent., 00 o39´10"S 076 o26`W,  220 m, insectidal fogging,  8.II.1995, 6.X.1994, 2.VII.1995, T. L. Erwin, 2♀, 1♂( USNM);   GUYANA: Barima-Waini: N.W.D. Mabaruma,  VII.1929, L.D. Cleare, Jr., 1♀( BMNH);   HONDURAS: Colón: Sangrelaya,  13.IV.1924, 1♀( USNM);   MEXICO:unspecified locality, 1♀, 1♂( ANSP); unspecified locality, Deppe, 1♀( ZMHB);   Chiapas:  20 miN Bachil, Yerba Buena,  5700 ft, Malaise,  8. VI.1969, H.J. Teskey, 1♂( CNCI);  San Cristoballas Casas,  7200 ft, Malaise,  18. VI.1969, H.J. Teskey, 1♀( CNCI);   Oaxaca:  6 miS Valle Nacional,  20. V.1971, H. Howden, 1♀( AEIC);    Puebla:  2 miSE Tehuacán,  1.III.1972, F. Parker& D. Miller, 1♂( USNM);   Quintana Roo:X-can,  VIII.1963, E. Welling, 6♀, 4♂( CNCI);   Veracruz: S. Lucrecia, Crawford, 1♀( USNM);   PANAMA: Panama: P.N. Metropol., Mini Malaise,  6–10. V.1994, V. Rodrigues, 1♀( GBFM);   Veraguas: Cabima,  24. V.1911, Busck, 1♀( USNM);   PERU: Ica: Chanchamayo,  8.VIII.1949, J.M. Schunke, 1♀( BMNH);   Lima:  4 kmNE Santa Eulalia,  2.VII.1995, J.G. Rozen& A. Ugarte, 1♀, 1 unknown gender ( AMNH);  Chosica,  900 m,  10.I.1949, Weyrauch, 1♀, 1♂( IMLA);   Madre de Dios: Pto. Maldonado,  1–6.XI.1984, Huggert, 1♀( AEIC);   TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO:unspecified locality,  IV.1935, F. Gerald, 1♀( BMNH);  Morne Bleu,  7–28.VIII.1969, H. & A. Howden, 1♀( AEIC);  URU- GUAY:   Tacuarembo:  40 kmNW Tacuarembo,  2–9.II.1963, J.K. Bouseman, 1♀( AMNH);   VENEZUELA: Aragua:  2 kmN Ocumare de la Costa,  31.III–2.IV.1981, A.S. Menke& L. Hollenberg, 1♂( USNM);  El Límon,  480 m,  19.II.1973, 25.II.1973, 28.II.1973, 19.III.1973, 25.IV.1973, C.J. Rosales, 2♀, 3♂( MIZA);   Lara: Yacambú N.P.,  1200 m,  10.V.1981, 13.V.1981, H.K. Townes, 3♂( AEIC);  Yacambú N.P.,  1200 m,  13. V.1981, H.K. Townes, 1♂( CNCI);   Miranda: P.N. Guatapo,  24 kmN Altagracia de Orituco,  640 m, Malaise,  5.IX.1975, 1♀( MIZA);   Táchira: Pregonero, Camp. Siberia, Hospital,  1280 m,  10–31.VII.1989, S. & J. Peck, 1♀, 1♂( AEIC);   Zulia:  6 kmN La Concepcion,  18. VI.1976, A.S. Menke& D. Vincent, 1♂( USNM);  Puerto de Cata,  10–11. VI.1976, A.S. Menke& D. Vincent, 1♀( USNM).   Comments:Specimens designated as syntypesof  Foenus brasiliensiswere not found. The locality data cited by Blanchard (1840)in the description is  BRAZIL. However, there is an identified specimen in the MNHN with the following label data: “Rio-Janeiro,  Foenus brasiliensis, Blanch”. This specimen lacked the head and the propleuron. Blanchard (1840)wrote “Cette espèce a été rapportée du Brésil par M. August Saint-Hilaire”. Brullé (1846)stated “Brésil (Rio-Janeiro), Aug. Saint-Hilaire”. So, this examined specimen may be a syntypeand it is supposed the type locality is Rio de Janeiro.  Holotypesor syntypesof the following four species were not found. They are synonymyzed with  G. brasiliensebased on original descriptions, and present the following combination of character states: discal cell present, ovipositor sheath longer than metasoma, and mesoscutum punctate.  - Gasteruption brasiliae, syntypefemale. The locality data cited by Kieffer (1911a)in the description is BRA- ZIL Kieffer (1912)stated as locality “Santos”.  - Gasteruption annulitarse,  holotypefemale. Thelocality data cited by Schrottky (1906)in the description is  PARAGUAY: Villa Encarnación,  6.II.1905.  - Gasteruption petroselini,  3 female syntypes. Thelocality data cited by Schrottky (1906)in the description is  PARAGUAY: Villa Encarnación,  31.I.1905, 6.II.1905, 8.II.1905.  -  Gasteruption subtropicale,  holotypefemale. Thelocality data cited by Schrottky (1906)in the description is  PARAGUAY: Villa Encarnación,  3.I.1905. The characteristics used by Schrottky (1906)to separate  G. annulitarse,  G. petroselini,and  G. subtropicalerepresent slight difference in ovipositor length, relative size of color spots in ovipositor sheath, and superficial sculpture density, which vary between the specimens of  G. brasiliense. The three Schrottky’s species presumably were lost with part of his collection ( De Santis 1996; Rasmussen et al.2009).    Gasteruption floridanum( Bradley, 1908)      Foenus floridanus Bradley, 1908: 112–113(description);  Cresson, 1928: 11( lectotype).     Gasteruption floridanum: Kieffer, 1912: 238(in key), 307 (redescription);  Hedicke, 1939: 32(catalog);  Smith, 1996: 492(in key), 496 (diagnosis);  Macedo, 2009: 7(cladistic analysis).     Rhydinofoenus floridanus: Townes, 1950: 138(redescription);  Alayo, 1972: 9(in key), 10 (redescription).     Rhydinofoenus floridanus bradleyi: Townes, 1950: 130(in key), 139–140 (description);  Townes, 1951: 661(catalog);  LaBerge, 1956: 518(female paratype);  Walkley, 1967: 285(host record).     Gasteruption floridanum bradleyi: Carlson, 1979: 1117(catalog);  Hoebeke, 1980: 25( paratypes).     Rhydinofoenus floridanus floridanus: Townes, 1950: 130(in key), 140 (description);  Townes, 1951: 661(catalog).     Gasteruption floridanum floridanum: Carlson, 1979: 1117(catalog).   Diagnosis.Differs from other Neotropical species by the combination of the following characters: fore tibia red brown, without a yellow longitudinal stripe; occipital carina narrow dorsally and wider laterally; ovipositor sheath longer than metasoma, and dark brown, with apex yellow brown; fore wing discal cell subtriangular or subtrapezoidal; mesonotum rounded; mesoscutum densely punctate; propodeum areolate; mesepisternum areolate ventrally; metacoxa striate; head and mesosoma usually black (except legs).   Hosts.  Hylaeus cressoni(Cockerell)and  Trypoxylon frigidumSmith ( Walkley 1967).  Geographic distribution: Canada( Townes 1950; Smith 1996), USA( Bradley 1908; Townes 1950; Smith 1996), Cuba( Bradley 1908; Alayo 1972).   Material examined.  Lectotypefemale ( ANSPno. 4847):  USA: Florida:Enterprise.   Comments. Bradley (1908)stated a paratypefrom Cuba( Havana) and Alayo (1972)identified two specimensfrom Laguna de Ariguanabo, Havana. I was not able to examine this material. [504,1179,808,832] Argentina Entre Rios 23 24 1 Entre Rios Amazonas Bolivia Para 23 24 1 Espirito Santo Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guyana, Honduras Chiapas 23 24 1 Chiapas [430,1078,988,1013] BMNH Guyana Demerara 23 24 1 syntype [493,779,1024,1049] MNHN 23 24 1 syntype [789,1052,1024,1049] Brazil Goias 23 24 1 Goias syntype [391,1161,1132,1157] 1963-11 CNCI Argentina Pronunciamiento 23 24 1 1 Entre Rios 1966-01-11 AEIC H. & M. Townes Argentina Yuto 23 24 4 4 Jujuy [491,1111,1168,1193] 1970-01-31 BMNH L. E. Pena Argentina Miranda 23 24 2 2 La Rioja R, MNHN Bords du Rio Salado & Wagner Argentina 23 24 1 1 1964-08-03 1964-08-05 1964-08-03 AMNH J. K. Bouseman & J. Lussenhop Bolivia 20 km W Laranjeiras 23 24 2 1 1 Beni 1964-10-10 AMNH J. K. Bouseman & J. Lussenhop Bolivia Rio Baures Rio Itenez 23 24 1 1 1964-09-03 AMNH J. K. Bouseman & J. Lussenhop Bolivia Rio Itenez Brazil Marques 23 24 1 1 1993-09-19 1993-09-21 1993-09-19 T, MPEG I. S. Gerayeb & Silveira Brazil -3.0484445 Malaise 1 -64.85058 Mamiraua 23 24 1 1 Amazonas 2001-12-07 INPA J. A. Rafael & J. Vidal Brazil -4.9847226 Faz. Esplana 21 -48.134167 Sao Pedro da Agua Branca 23 24 4 1 3 2002-03-24 2002-03-27 2002-03-24 MZSP C. O. Azevedo Brazil Linhares -19.972084 Malaise Res. Biol. Sooretama 23 24 1 1 Espirito Santo 1972-11 AEIC F. M. Oliveira Brazil Jatai 23 24 1 1 Goias [253,1347,1456,1481] 1989-08-05 1989-08-10 1989-08-05 MPEG F. F. Ramos Brazil Imperatriz Malaise Ribeiraozinho 23 24 3 2 1 Maranhao 1983-12 AEIC M. Alvarenga Brazil 800 -15.75 Aguas Vermelhas 1284 -11.466666 23 24 1 1 Minas Gerais 1984-11 AEIC M. Alvarenga Brazil Caceres 23 24 1 1 [423,1431,1528,1552] 2003-09-26 MZSP A. F. Kumagai Brazil Est. Amb. Peti Cemig Rio Abaixo 23 24 1 1 [151,716,1564,1589] ANSP Cuiaba Brazil Chapada 23 24 5 5 Mato Grosso [728,1356,1564,1588] 2006-07-12 UEL A. Menezes Jr. Brazil Horto Cuiaba 23 24 1 1 1963-11-10 1963-11-22 1963-11-10 AMNH F. M. Oliveira & Wygodzinsky Brazil Utinga Belem 23 24 1 Para 1993-03-23 1993-03-24 1993-03-23 MPEG J. A. Pena Brazil Benevides 23 24 1 1 [562,1383,1636,1660] 1992-08-23 MPEG B. Mascarenhas Brazil Ourem Malaise Patauateua 23 24 1 1 1992-11-26 1992-11-27 1992-11-26 MPEG J. Dias Brazil Primavera Faz. Feitoria Quaitipurpu 23 24 1 1 1989-10-26 1989-10-30 1989-10-26 MPEG Sao Joao das Pirabas & N. Bittencourt Brazil Malaise Boa Esperanca 23 24 1 1 1992-12-20 MPEG Sao Joao das Pirabas & J. Dias Brazil Ilha Conceicao 23 24 1 1 [313,1049,1744,1768] 1983-06-10 VI, MPEG W. Franca Brazil Est. Fofoca Serra Norte 23 24 1 1 1983-09-05 1983-09-09 1983-09-05 R, MPEG B. Nets Brazil Est. Manganes Serra Norte 23 24 1 1 2001-06-15 VI, R, DZUP Melo Brazil Rio Catitu 23 24 1 1 Parana MZSP Parque Nacional do Iguacu, S & Univ. Est. Londrina Brazil Ceu Azul 23 24 1 1 [298,801,1852,1876] 1938-12 MZSP Claretiano Brazil Curitiba 23 24 1 1 1942-12 DZUP Brazil Ponta Grossa Faz. And. Justus Caraquata 23 24 1 1 [550,1075,1888,1912] 1948-04 DZUP C. Bruhn Brazil Ponta Grossa 23 24 1 1 1948-09 R, MZSP Dirings Brazil Rolandia 23 24 1 1 [305,1058,1924,1949] 1956-01 MNRJ J. H. Guimaraes Brazil Guaratiba 23 24 1 1 Rio de Janeiro 1838-07 1939-02 1838-07 R, USNM C. Shannon Brazil Mangaratiba 23 24 1 1 [509,866,1960,1984] MNHN Brazil Rio de Janeiro 23 24 1 1 Rio de Janeiro 7. VIII. 1937, 8. VIII. 1938, 27. IX. 1977 BMNH F. Plaumann Brazil Nova Teutonia 23 24 4 4 Santa Catarina 2. X. 1941, 28. XI. 1952, IX. 1970 AEIC F. Plaumann Brazil 24 25 Nova Teutonia 23 24 5 5 2. IX. 1948, 31. III. 1960, 25. IV. 1960, 2. I. 1961, 12. III. 1961, II. 1967, XI. 1968 CNCI F. Plaumann Brazil Nova Teutonia 24 25 7 7 [376,1329,187,212] 1998-08-23 USP, R, DZUP Melo Brazil Campus Ribeirao Preto 24 25 1 1 Sao Paulo 1977-11 AEIC M. Alvarenga Brazil Teodoro Sampaio 24 25 1 1 1985-12 AEIC, COLOM-, BIA F. M. Oliveira Brazil Teodoro Sampaio 24 25 2 2 [223,917,259,284] 1967-07-20 1967-07-27 1967-07-20 BMNH M. Cooper Brazil Tame 24 25 1 1 Arauca 2004-01-10 UNAB D. Quintana Brazil Norcasia 600 5.536111 El Encanto 21 -74.87583 Moscovita 24 25 1 1 Caldas 2000-08-30 2000-09-19 2000-08-30 R, IAVH Henriquez Brazil 30 11.333333 Tayrona Canaveral 1295 -74.03333 24 25 1 1 Magdalena 2002-07-19 2002-07-24 2002-07-19 IAVH M. Sharkey & D. Arias & Torres Brazil Tayrona 700 11.333333 La Antena 1295 -74.03333 Cerro San Lucas 24 25 1 1 2002-12-23 2003-01-07 2002-12-23 IAVH C. Sanchez Brazil 390 2.1833334 Tinigua Cano Nevera 1307 -73.8 24 25 1 1 Meta Brazil 15 km NW Cali 24 25 1 Valle del Cauca [347,1103,442,466] 1975-09-05 IMLA L. A. Stange Brazil Rio Amaime 24 25 1 1 Rio Cauca MNHN Serre Costa Rica COSTA RICA 24 25 2 2 2000-03-02 2000-03-21 2000-03-02 INBC Baganes, P. N. Palo Verde & Baganes, P. N. & Palo Verde & Sendero Guayacan & Jimenez Costa Rica 20 Manual 24 25 1 1 Guanacaste 1996-05-09 1996-05-14 1996-05-09 V, INBC Parataxonomos Costa Rica Guajiniquil Est. Maritza 24 25 1 1 [252,904,551,575] INBC O Vol. Orosi Costa Rica 600 Est. Maritza 24 25 2 2 1992-02-27 1992-03-10 1992-02-27 INBC O Vol. Orosi & G. Rodrigues Costa Rica 600 Est. Maritza 24 25 1 1 1992-02-27 1992-03-10 1992-02-27 R, INBC O Vol. Orosi & Vargas Costa Rica 600 Est. Maritza 24 25 1 1 [256,1198,623,647] 1992-02-28 1992-03-10 1992-02-28 INBC O Vol. Orosi & C. Cano Costa Rica 600 Est. Maritza 24 25 1 1 1991-01 INBC Rosa, P. N. & I Curso Microhym. Costa Rica 300 Guanacaste Sta 24 25 1 1 1991-11-05 1991-11-17 1991-11-05 USNM A. S. Menke Costa Rica Malaise Estacion Exper. Enrique Jimenez Nunes 24 25 1 1 1992-01-06 1992-01-28 1992-01-06 INBC P. N. Guanacaste & C. Moraga Costa Rica 500 Finca Loaiciga 24 25 1 1 1991-11-05 1991-11-16 1991-11-05 USNM A. S. Menke Costa Rica Finca Montezuma 24 25 1 1 [313,1431,767,791] 2002-04-11 2002-04-15 2002-04-11 INBC Hojancha, Z. P & I. J. Morera Costa Rica Nosara 500 Ward Send. Shannon 24 25 1 1 [151,1077,802,826] 19. I. 2002, 20. III. 2002 INBC I. J. Morera Costa Rica 600 Sendero La Ceiba Nosara 24 25 2 2 2005-04-02 2005-04-04 2005-04-02 HIC B. Brown Costa Rica 500 9.868267 Magensen 1 -85.050934 Reserva Privada 24 25 5 5 17. V. 1976, 6. XII. 1976, 2. I. 1978, 5. I. 1978 AEIC D. H. Janzen Costa Rica Dry Hill Santa Rosa Park 24 25 4 1 3 14. V. 1976, 15. V. 1976, 16. V. 1976, 8. V. 1978 AEIC D. H. Janzen Costa Rica Riparian Santa Rosa Park 24 25 4 4 1996-06-07 VI, R, DZUP Melo Costa Rica 80 10.416667 Estacion Biol. La Selva 1298 -84.0 24 25 1 1 Heredia [588,1366,946,971] 1991-06 VI, INBC E. Rojas Costa Rica 150 Sector Cerro Cocori 24 25 1 1 Limon 1991-02 MUCR P. Hanson & C. Godoy Costa Rica 30 Coopemarti 24 25 2 2 Puntarenas 1997-07 INBC S de la Reserva & Z. Fuentes Costa Rica San Luis 1350 Monteverde Fca. Buen Amigo 24 25 1 1 1992-01 MUCR P. Hanson & C. Godoy Costa Rica 1500 Estac. Biol. Las Alturas San Vito 24 25 2 2 20. V. 1987, 21. V. 1987, 22. V. 1987, 24. V. 1987, 25. V. 1987, 26. V. 1987 AEIC H. & M. Townes Costa Rica Escazu 24 25 20 1 19 San Jose 1988-01-10 T, AEIC Wcislo Costa Rica Escazu 24 25 1 1 [293,1241,1126,1151] 1914-06-15 VI, USNM H. S. Parish Ecuador 1372 Huigra 24 25 1 1 Chimborazo 1970-11-18 1970-11-19 1970-11-18 AEIC La Toma & L. E. Pena Ecuador Loja 24 25 1 1 Loja [601,1351,1162,1187] 1971-12-22 BMNH M. Cooper Ecuador 90 Portoviejo 24 25 1 1 Manabi 8. II. 1995, 6. X. 1994, 2. VII. 1995 T, USNM L. Erwin Ecuador 220 -0.65277773 Camp. Trans. Ent. 925 -76.433334 Res. Ethnica Waorani 24 25 3 2 1 Napo 1929-07 BMNH N. W. D. Mabaruma & L. D. Cleare & Jr. Guyana Barima-Waini 24 25 1 1 Barima-Waini [746,1432,1273,1298] 1924-04-13 USNM Honduras Sangrelaya 24 25 1 1 Colon [151,716,1309,1334] ANSP Mexico MEXICO 24 25 2 1 1 [730,1206,1309,1333] ZMHB Mexico Deppe 24 25 1 1 1969-06-08 VI, CNCI H. J. Teskey Mexico 1737 Malaise Yerba Buena 24 25 1 1 Chiapas 1969-06-18 VI, CNCI H. J. Teskey Mexico San Cristobal 2195 Malaise Casas 24 25 1 1 [646,1431,1381,1406] 1971-05-20 V, AEIC H. Howden Mexico 6 mi S Valle Nacional 24 25 1 1 Oaxaca [151,1003,1417,1441] 1972-03-01 USNM F. Parker & D. Miller 2 mi SE Tehuacan 24 25 1 1 Puebla 1963-08 CNCI E. Welling Quintana Roo 24 25 10 6 4 Quintana Roo [449,991,1453,1478] USNM S. Lucrecia & Crawford Veracruz 24 25 1 1 Veracruz 1994-05-06 1994-05-10 1994-05-06 V, GBFM P. N. Metropol. & Rodrigues Panama Panama 24 25 1 1 Panama [821,1432,1489,1513] 1911-05-24 V, USNM Busck Panama Cabima 24 25 1 1 Veraguas [151,938,1525,1550] 1949-08-08 BMNH J. M. Schunke Peru Chanchamayo 24 25 1 1 Ica 1995-07-02 AMNH J. G. Rozen & A. Ugarte Peru 4 km NE Santa Eulalia 24 25 1 1 Lima [812,1432,1561,1585] 1949-01-10 IMLA Weyrauch Peru 900 Chosica 24 25 2 1 1 Lima [151,935,1597,1622] 1984-11-01 1984-11-06 1984-11-01 AEIC Huggert Peru Pto. Maldonado 24 25 1 1 Madre de Dios 1935-04 BMNH Gerald Trinidad and Tobago TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO 24 25 1 1 Madre de Dios [649,1351,1633,1657] 1969-08-07 1969-08-28 1969-08-07 AEIC H. & A. Howden Trinidad and Tobago Morne Bleu 24 25 1 1 Madre de Dios 1969-08-07 1969-08-28 1969-08-07 URU-, GUAY H. & A. Howden Trinidad and Tobago true Morne Bleu 24 25 1 Madre de Dios [245,1177,1669,1694] 1963-02-02 1963-02-09 1963-02-02 AMNH J. K. Bouseman Trinidad and Tobago 40 km NW Tacuarembo 24 25 1 1 Tacuarembo 1981-03-31 1981-04-02 1981-03-31 USNM A. S. Menke & L. Hollenberg Venezuela 2 km N Ocumare de la Costa 24 25 1 1 Aragua 19. II. 1973, 25. II. 1973, 28. II. 1973, 19. III. 1973, 25. IV. 1973 MIZA C. J. Rosales Venezuela 480 El Limon 24 25 5 2 3 Aragua 10. V. 1981, 13. V. 1981 AEIC Yacambu N. P. & H. K. Townes Venezuela 1200 Lara 24 25 3 3 Lara 1981-05-13 V, CNCI Yacambu N. P. & Townes Venezuela 1200 24 25 1 1 Lara [251,1347,1813,1838] 1975-09-05 MIZA P. N. Guatapo Venezuela 640 Malaise 24 25 1 1 Miranda 1989-07-10 1989-07-31 1989-07-10 AEIC S. & J. Peck Venezuela Pregonero 1280 Hospital Camp. Siberia 24 25 2 1 1 Tachira 1976-06-18 VI, USNM A. S. Menke & D. Vincent Venezuela 6 km N La Concepcion 24 25 1 1 Zulia 1976-06-10 1976-06-11 1976-06-10 VI, USNM A. S. Menke & D. Vincent Venezuela Puerto de Cata 24 25 1 1 Zulia 1905-02-06 Paraguay The Villa Encarnacion 25 26 1 holotype 31. I. 1905, 6. II. 1905, 8. II. 1905 Paraguay The Villa Encarnacion 25 26 3 3 syntype 1905-01-03 Paraguay The Villa Encarnacion 25 26 1 holotype [439,1150,1578,1603] ANSP United States of America Florida 25 26 1 lectotype