Pfeiffer 1842: 38
Möllendorff, 1897: 66
Plectotropis leucomphala f. subfasciata Möllendorff, 1897: 67
Plectotropis leucomphala f. castanea Möllendorff, 1897: 67
von dem Busch in Philippi 1842
Pfeiffer 1851 in
Boettger 1890: 144
Martens 1892: 234
Wiegmann 1893: 166
van Benthem Jutting 1950: 461
Zilch 1966: 294
Landouria rotatoria
Revision of the land snail genus Landouria Godwin-Austen, 1918 (Gastropoda, Camaenidae) from Java
Nurinsiyah, Ayu Savitri
Neiber, Marco T.
Hausdorf, Bernhard
European Journal of Taxonomy
2019
2019-05-21
526
1
73
3S6S5
(Pfeiffer, 1842)
Pfeiffer
1842
[579,1009,1027,1054]
Gastropoda
Camaenidae
Landouria
GBIF,CoL
Animalia
Stylommatophora
18
19
Mollusca
species
rotatoria
Figs 5, 12–14, 16, 30, 54; Tables 3–4
Helix rotatoria Pfeiffer 1842: 38(“ Java”). Plectotropis leucomphala Möllendorff, 1897: 66(“ Java”; more exactly ( Zilch 1966): “W-Java: Gunung Gedeh (4000′)”). Plectotropis leucomphalaf. subfasciata Möllendorff, 1897: 67(“ Java”; more exactly ( Zilch 1966): “W-Java: Gunung Gedeh (3000′) ”). Plectotropis leucomphalaf. castanea Möllendorff, 1897: 67(“ Java”; more exactly ( Zilch 1966): “W-Java: Gunung Salak”). Helix rotatoria– von dem Busch in Philippi 1842in 1842–1845: 10, pl. I.4, fig. 5. — Pfeiffer 1851 in 1849–1853: pl. 95, figs 3–5; 1852 in 1849–1853: 163. Helix( Plectotropis) rotatoria– Boettger 1890: 144. — Martens 1892: 234. — Wiegmann 1893: 166, pl. 12, figs 11–14. Landouria rotatoria– van Benthem Jutting 1950: 461(in part). — Zilch 1966: 294, pl. 7, figs 3–5 (in part).
Diagnosis Landouria rotatoriais characterized by a large, depressed conical, keeled shell, a penis with a small globular bulge at the proximal end and an externally smooth, longish lemon-shaped flagellum.
Material examined Typematerial INDONESIA– West Java• neotypeof Helix rotatoria(designated here) (det. anat.); Bogor, Blokkancil, Gunung Salak, Halimun Salak National Park; 6°44′42″ S, 106°42′46″ E; 1166 ma.s.l.; 17 Jun. 2015; A.S. Nurinsiyah, I. Fauziah, T. Setiadiand Y. Prasetioleg.; measurements: D = 17.0 mm, H = 9.5 mm; MZB19205• holotypeof Plectotropis leucomphalaf. castanea; Gunung Salak; 6°44′ S, 106°42′ E; SMF8916• holotypeof Plectotropis leucomphalaf. subfasciata; Gunung Gede; 6°47′ S, 106°59′ E; ca 900 ma.s.l.; SMF8914• holotypeof Plectotropis leucomphala; Gunung Gede; 6°47′ S, 106°59′ E; ca 1200 ma.s.l.; SMF8912. Other material INDONESIA• 4 spec.; Java; SMF24221• 3 spec.; same data as for preceding; ZMB47683• 3 spec.; same data as for preceding; ZMB47684• 1 spec., same data as for preceding; ZMH17719• 5 spec.; same data as for preceding; ZMH17720• 4 spec.; same data as for preceding; ZMH17721• 3 spec.; same data as for preceding; ZMH17722. – West Java• 2 spec.(vouchers for van Benthem Jutting 1950); Gora S of Bogor; RMNH309846• 7 spec.(vouchers for Boettger 1890); Bogor, Gunung Salak; 6°44′ S, 106°42′ E; SMF8917• 3 spec.(vouchers for Boettger 1890); same data as for preceding; SMF24200• 4 spec.(vouchers for Boettger 1890); same data as for preceding; SMF24204• 2 spec.(vouchers for Boettger 1890); same data as for preceding; ZMA407645• 4 spec.(vouchers for van Benthem Jutting 1950); Bogor, Situ Gunung, Sslope of Mt Gede, forest; 6°50′ S, 106°55′ E; 1000 ma.s.l.; ZMA407632• 6 spec.; Gunung Gede; 6°47′ S, 106°59′ E; ZMA 407630• 2 spec.; same data as for preceding; ZMA 407690• 9 spec.; Gunung Gede; 6°47′ S, 106°59′ E; ca 900 ma.s.l.; SMF 8915• 16 spec.; Gunung Gede; 6°47′ S, 106°59′ E; ca 1200 ma.s.l.; SMF 89136• 3 spec.; Gunung Gede; 6°47′ S, 106°59′ E; ca 1500 ma.s.l.; ZMB 46035.
Description SHELL ( Figs 5, 12–14; Tables 3–4). Depressed conical, with 5.75–6.5 slightly convex whorls; protoconch almost smooth; teleoconch with fine, irregular wrinkles; apical side with indistinct incised spiral lines, umbilical side with more distinct spiral lines; scaly processes sparse, mainly at periphery; tuberculate around umbilicus; brown or brownish-corneous; body whorl keeled; aperture rounded rhombic; upper insertion of peristome descending; peristome expanded, reflexed and slightly thickened; umbilicus slightly eccentric, wide, comprising 24–32% of shell diameter, hardly obscured by columellar edge. GENITALIA ( Figs 16, 30; Table 4). Atrium short; penis long, distal part cylindrical, with a small globular bulge at proximal end, without penis coecum; membranaceous sheath around distal part of penis connected with epiphallus by tissue; penial retractor runs from diaphragm to proximal part of cylindrical epiphallus; flagellum moderately long, very broad, without node, tapering at its proximal end; vas deferens narrow and long; vagina long; oviduct long, very broad, proximally tapering; peduncle of bursa copulatrix subdivided into a globular distal part, a proximally tapering middle part and a narrower and longer proximal part, ending in an elongate oval bursa beside albumen gland. Right ommatophoral retractor runs between penis and vagina.
Remarks The name Helix rotatoriagoes back to von dem Busch and is often cited with von dem Busch (in Philippi 1842in 1842–1845: 10, pl. I.4, fig. 5) as author. However, von dem Busch cited Pfeiffer (1842), who made the name available first (see also remarks under L. winteriana). Pfeiffer (1842)described the species based on specimens from von dem Busch and specimens he got from Winter. The material from Winter was in Pfeiffer’s own collection (Pfeiffer 1852 in 1849–1853), which was destroyed during the Second World War (see L. winteriana). A part of the collection of von dem Busch is kept in the Geosciences Collection of the University of Bremen. However, we could not locate type specimens of H. rotatoriain this collection or in other museums (e.g., SMF, ZMH). Thus, a neotypemust be designated to clarify the taxonomic status and the type locality of H. rotatoria. Figs 12–14(opposite page). Shells of Landouria rotatoria( Pfeiffer, 1842)from Java. 12. West Java, Gunung Gede ( holotypeof Plectotropis leucomphala Möllendorff, 1897, SMF 8912). 13. West Java, Gunung Salak ( holotypeof P. leucomphalaf. castanea Möllendorff, 1897, SMF 8916). 14. West Java, Gunung Gede ( holotypeof P. leucomphalaf. subfasciata Möllendorff, 1897, SMF 8914). Scale bar: 5 mm. Figs 15–24.Genitalia of species of Landouriafrom Java. 15. L. winteriana( Pfeiffer, 1842), West Java, Padalarang, Gunung Masigit ( neotype, ZMA 376193a). 16. L. rotatoria( Pfeiffer, 1842), West Java, Gunung Salak, 1166 ma.s.l. ( neotype, MZB 19205). 17. L. epiplatia( Möllendorff, 1897)?, West Java, Bogor, Gunung Gede (ZMH 79946). 18. L. nusakambangensis sp. nov., Central Java, Nusa Kambangan Island, nature monument Gligir ( holotype, ZMA 412298a). 19. L. petrukensis sp. nov., Central Java, Karangbolong, way to Petruk Cave ( holotype, MZB 19203). 20. L. tholiformis sp. nov., Yogyakarta, Gunung Kidul, Tepus, near Poktunggal Beach ( holotype, MZB 17999). 21. L. abdidalem sp. nov., Yogyakarta, Kulonprogo, Sabrang Kidul ( holotype, MZB 17664). 22. L. madurensis sp. nov., East Java, Madura Island, Sampang, Nepa Monkey lowland rainforest ( paratype, MZB 19209). 23. L. sewuensis sp. nov., Yogyakarta, Gunung Kidul, Tepus, Mbajo Hill ( holotype, MZB 19255). 24. L. sukoliloensis sp. nov., Central Java, Kayen, near Watu Payung ( holotype, MZB 19219). Scale bars: 1 mm. Table 4(continued on next 3 pages). Diagnostic characteristics of the species of Landouria Godwin-Austen, 1918from Java. Characteristics most important for distinguishing similar taxa are printed in bold. D (in mm) H (in mm) whorls D/H U/D shell periphery shell coloration scale sculpture spiral lines on apical side penis penis coecum flagellum node at flagellum L. winteriana 9.7–12.6 (mean 11.8) 5.5–7.8 (mean 6.7) 5–5.75 (mean 5.3) 1.55–2.07 (mean 1.76) 0.29–0.51 (mean 0.35) keeled brownish- corneous scaly processes sparse, at periphery indistinct with large globular bulge at proximal end absent distal part crenated, proximal part short absent L. conoidea 7.6–8.7 (mean 8.1) 5.2–5.6 (mean 5.3) 4.75–5 (mean 4.9) 1.48–1.54 (mean 1.52) 0.30–0.33 (mean 0.31) sharply keeled brownish- corneous tubercles all over teleoconch not discernible ? ? ? ? L. rotatoria 15.6–19.1 (mean 17.4) 8.3–10.6 (mean 9.5) 5.75–6.5 (mean 6.1) 1.57–2.09 (mean 1.85) 0.24–0.32 (mean 0.29) keeled brown scaly processes sparse, at periphery indistinct with small globular bulge at proximal end absent longish lemon-shaped absent L. naggsi sp. nov. 11.6–14.0 (mean 12.5) 8.5–10.6 (mean 9.6) 6.25–7 (mean 6.6) 1.21–1.37 (mean 1.31) 0.28–0.33 (mean 0.31) angular brownish- corneous scaly processes all over teleoconch not discernible ? ? ? ? L. epiplatia 11.8–17.0 (mean 15.3) 5.7–6.9 (mean 6.0) 5.25–6.25 (mean 5.7) 2.03–2.94 (mean 2.52) 0.30–0.43 (mean 0.37) sharply keeled brownish- corneous scaly processes sparse, at periphery indistinct very long, with small bulge at proximal end absent very long, tapering towards proximal end absent L. parahyangensissp. nov. 14.7–16.9 (mean 15.7) 8.4–9.3 (mean 8.7) 6.5–7 (mean 6.8) 1.69–1.94 (mean 1.80) 0.39–0.45 (mean 0.42) sharply keeled brownishcorneous scaly processes sparse, at periphery not discernible ? ? ? ? L. nusakambangensissp. nov. 11.9–15.0 (mean 13.5) 6.6–9.1 (mean 7.9) 5.25–6 (mean 5.7) 1.65–1.83 (mean 1.72) 0.32–0.40 (mean 0.36) keeled brownishcorneous scaly processes sparse, at periphery indistinct with small globular bulge at proximal end absent distal part slightly crenated, proximal part long absent L. petrukensis sp. nov. 8.1–9.8 (mean 9.0) 5.2–6.3 (mean 5.5) 4.75–5.5 (mean 5.1) 1.49–1.79 (mean 1.62) 0.24–0.37 (mean 0.27) sharply keeled brownish- corneous scaly processes all over teleoconch indistinct divided by narrowing into long, cylindrical distal part and slightly dilated proximal part absent slightly crenated, abruptly tapering at proximal end absent L. tholiformis sp. nov. 13.0–14.4 (mean 13.9) 7.4–7.8 (mean 7.7) 6–6.25 (mean 6.1) 1.77–1.88 (mean 1.82) 0.32–0.40 (mean 0.35) sharply keeled brownish- corneous scaly processes all over teleoconch indistinct slightly broader proximally short crenated, slightly longer than epiphallus absent Table 4(continued). Diagnostic characteristics of the species of Landouria Godwin-Austen, 1918from Java. D (in mm) H (in mm) whorls D/H U/D shell periphery shell coloration scale sculpture spiral lines on apical side penis penis coecum flagellum node at flagellum L. abdidalem sp. nov. 13.1–16.4 (mean 14.0) 6.3–7.8 (mean 6.9) 5.75–6 (mean 5.9) 1.93–2.14 (mean 2.03) 0.33–0.48 (mean 0.38) sharply keeled brownish- corneous scaly processes sparse, at periphery indistinct long and narrow, without proximal buldge absent crenated, shorter than epiphallus absent long, broadest in L. madurensis sp. nov. 11.4–12.0 (mean 11.6) 5.5–6.5 (mean 5.9) 5.5–5.75 (mean 5.7) 1.75–2.11 (mean 1.98) 0.38–0.40 (mean 0.39) sharply keeled brownish- corneous scaly processes protruding into hairs no spiral lines long, divided into longer, broader distal and shorter, narrower proximal part absent middle part, gradually tapering towards proximal end, slightly crenated absent L. sewuensis sp. nov. 11.4–16.3 (mean 13.7) 6.3–8.7 (mean 7.2) 5.25–6 (mean 5.7) 1.61–2.25 (mean 1.90) 0.30–0.40 (mean 0.36) sharply keeled brownish- corneous scaly processes sparse, at periphery indistinct with globular swelling at proximal end absent broad, with two rows of tubercles absent L. sukoliloensissp. nov. 10.4–12.3 (mean 11.2) 6.0–7.4 (mean 6.5) 5–5.75 (mean 5.5) 1.60–1.93 (mean 1.72) 0.22–0.41 (mean 0.29) sharply keeled brownish- corneous scaly processes sparse, at periphery indistinct slightly dilated at proximal end absent abruptly tapering at proximal end, not distinctly crenated absent L. tonywhitteni sp. nov. 14.3–17.6 (mean 16.2) 7.0–8.5 (mean 7.5) 5.75–6 (mean 5.8) 1.93–2.34 (mean 2.15) 0.32–0.41 (mean 0.37) sharply keeled brownish- corneous radial scaly processes indistinct divided into long, cylindrical distal part and dilated proximal part absent short, broadest at base, not distinctly crenated present L. nodifera sp. nov. 14.7–16.1 (mean 15.2) 6.4–8.1 (mean 7.2) 5–5.75 (mean 5.5) 1.93–2.29 (mean 2.12) 0.26–0.38 (mean 0.32) sharply keeled brownish- corneous scaly processes sparse, at periphery indistinct divided into cylindrical distal and dilated proximal part present moderately long, tuberculated present L. pacitanensis sp. nov. 10.6–14.7 (mean 13.1) 6.2–8.2 (mean 7.1) 5.25–6 (mean 5.7) 1.57–2.18 (mean 1.84) 0.28–0.34 (mean 0.31) sharply keeled brownish- corneous scaly processes sparse, at periphery indistinct divided by narrowing into long distal and short proximal section present moderately long, not crenated absent Table 4(continued). Diagnostic characteristics of the species of Landouria Godwin-Austen, 1918from Java. D (in mm) H (in mm) whorls D/H U/D shell periphery shell coloration scale sculpture spiral lines on apical side penis penis coecum flagellum node at flagellum L. intumescens 11.6–14.1 (mean 13.2) 6.1–8.7 (mean 7.5) 5–5.75 (mean 5.3) 1.50–1.98 (mean 1.76) 0.22–0.34 (mean 0.27) sharply keeled brownish- corneous without scaly processes indistinct divided by narrowing into long distal and short proximal section absent distal part crenated, proximal part short absent L. moussoniana 10.2–12.0 (mean 11.1) 5.5–6.7 (mean 6.3) 5–6.25 (mean 5.7) 1.73–1.81 (mean 1.77) 0.37–0.38 (mean 0.38) keeled brownish- corneous ? indistinct ? ? ? ? L. schepmani 10.5–10.9 6.1–6.2 5–5.25 1.72–1.76 0.21 sharply keeled brownish- corneous no scales discernible distinct ? ? ? ? L. monticola 8.5–9.5 (mean 9.0) 5.3–6.0 (mean 5.8) 4.5–5.25 (mean 4.8) 1.49–1.60 (mean 1.56) 0.18–0.25 (mean 0.21) keeled yellowish or brownish- corneous no scales discernible distinct ? ? ? ? slightly crenated, L. smimensis 6.3–11.9 (mean 8.2) 4.1–8.4 (mean 5.6) 4.5–5.5 (mean 4.9) 1.28–1.64 (mean 1.48) 0.18–0.32 (mean 0.25) angular or rounded brownish- corneous hair-like processes indistinct long, gradually tapering towards its proximal end absent gradually tapering towards proximal end absent L. leucochila 16.3–17.5 8.5–9.5 5.25 1.92 0.30 angular yellowish scaly processes all over teleoconch indistinct ? ? ? ? L. zonifera sp. nov. 12.5–13.2 (mean 12.8) 6.9–7.6 (mean 7.2) 5.5–5.75 (mean 5.6) 1.73–1.81 (mean 1.77) 0.40 keeled corneous with brownish zone at periphery scaly processes sparse, at periphery indistinct slightly dilated at proximal end absent slightly crenated, more than twice as long as epiphallus absent L. ciliocincta 12.4–15.6 (mean 13.6) 6.0–8.3 (mean 7.0) 5–6 (mean 5.4) 1.86–2.12 (mean 1.94) 0.22–0.30 (mean 0.27) keeled whitish- corneous with brownish band at periphery scaly processes sparse, at periphery indistinct with small bulge at proximal end absent short, very broad, tapering towards proximal end absent Table 4(continued). Diagnostic characteristics of the species of Landouria Godwin-Austen, 1918from Java. D (in mm) H (in mm) whorls D/H U/D shell periphery shell coloration scale sculpture spiral lines on apical side penis penis coecum flagellum node at flagellum moderately whitish, long, almost L. pakidulan sp. nov. 12.5–14.0 (mean 13.4) 6.9–8.1 (mean 7.4) 5.25–5.5 (mean 5.4) 1.70–1.86 (mean 1.81) 0.24–0.30 (mean 0.27) angular with reddish- brown band at without scaly processes indistinct short, with large bulge at proximal end absent smooth, gradually tapering near absent periphery proximal end whitish, with L. dharmai sp. nov. 9.9 7.2 5.5 1.39 0.18 angular reddish- brown not observed indistinct ? ? ? ? band at periphery whitish- corneous, with one L. davini 11–14.8 7.1–10.3 5–5.5 1.41–1.67 0.29 angular reddish- brown band without scaly processes indistinct ? ? ? ? above and one below periphery whitish, L. menorehensissp. nov. 12.4–14.5 (mean 13.4) 8.3–10.4 (mean 9.3) 5.25–5.75 (mean 5.5) 1.31–1.51 (mean 1.44) 0.16–0.24 (mean 0.19) rounded with distinct brown band above without scaly processes indistinct short, distal part cylindrical, proximal part slightly dilated absent long, broad absent periphery According to the original description of Pfeiffer (1842), H. rotatoriais a brown, sharply keeled, large species with a diameter of 16 mm. There are several sharply keeled species in Javaand some reach a diameter of 16 mm. The figures of Pfeiffer ( 1851 in 1849–1853: pl. 95, figs 3–5) show a specimen with a rather high spire (D/H ratio 1.82). The species that best fits the figure occurs on Gunung Salak and Gunung Gede south of Bogor in West Java(compare the shell of the holotypeof P. leucomphalaMoellendorff, 1897(Fig. 12) with Pfeiffer 1851 in 1849–1853: pl. 95, figs 3–5). Thus, we designate an anatomically examined specimen from Gunung Salak in West Java(MZB 19205; Fig. 5) as the neotypeof Helix rotatoria Pfeiffer, 1842. The same species was later described by Möllendorff (1897)as Plectotropis leucomphalawith two colour varieties, P. leucomphalaf. subfasciataand P. leucomphalaf. castanea. Plectotropis leucomphalawas synonymized with L. rotatoriaby van Benthem Jutting (1950). Landouria rotatoriadiffers from L. winteriana( Figs 2–3), which also occurs on Gunung Salak, and from L. epiplatia(Figs 26–28, 31), which also occurs on Gunung Gede, in the larger, more intensively brownish coloured shell and an externally smooth, longish, lemon-shaped flagellum.
Distribution
Landouria rotatoriais endemic to Gunung Salak and Gunung Gede south of Bogor in West Java (Fig. 54). It has also been recorded from other Sunda Islands, as well as the Philippines( Martens 1867; Rensch 1932, 1934; van Benthem Jutting 1941, 1950; Vermeulen & Whitten 1998), but these records refer to other species.
2243137417
2015-06-17
MZB
A. S. Nurinsiyah & I. Fauziah & T. Setiadi & Y. Prasetio
Indonesia
Bogor
1166
-6.7450004
Gunung Salak
21
106.712776
Blok
18
19
1
Jawa Barat
neotype
2243137388
SMF
Indonesia
19
20
-6.7333336
Gunung Salak
1304
106.7
18
19
SMF 8916
1
Jawa Barat
holotype
2243137515
SMF
Indonesia
900
-6.7833333
Gunung Gede
1304
106.98333
19
20
SMF 8914
1
Jawa Barat
holotype
2243137311
SMF
Indonesia
1200
-6.7833333
Gunung Gede
1304
106.98333
19
20
SMF 8912
1
Jawa Barat
holotype
2243137456
[189,705,438,465]
SMF
Indonesia
Java
19
20
4
Jawa Timur
2243137334
[740,1349,438,465]
ZMB
Indonesia
Java
19
20
3
Jawa Barat
2243137390
ZMB
Indonesia
Java
19
20
3
Jawa Barat
2243137513
[786,1378,473,500]
ZMH
Indonesia
Java
19
20
1
Jawa Barat
2243137464
[189,770,509,536]
ZMH
Indonesia
Java
19
20
5
Jawa Barat
2243137505
[798,1379,509,535]
ZMH
Indonesia
Java
19
20
4
Jawa Barat
4865376308
[189,786,544,570]
ZMH
Indonesia
Java
19
20
3
Jawa Barat
4865376328
ZMH
Indonesia
Java
19
20
RMNH 309846
3
Jawa Barat
2243137340
SMF
Gunung Salak
Indonesia
-6.7333336
Bogor
1304
106.7
19
20
SMF 8917
7
Jawa Barat
2243137503
SMF
Gunung Salak
Indonesia
-6.7333336
Bogor
1304
106.7
19
20
3
Jawa Barat
2243137423
[358,1287,649,676]
SMF
Gunung Salak
Indonesia
-6.7333336
Bogor
1304
106.7
19
20
4
Jawa Barat
2243137372
ZMA
Gunung Salak
Indonesia
-6.7333336
Bogor
1304
106.7
19
20
ZMA 407645
2
Jawa Barat
2243137460
ZMA
Situ Gunung, S & Mt Gede
Indonesia
1000
-6.8333335
Bogor
1303
106.916664
19
20
ZMA 407632
4
Jawa Barat
2243137350
[447,1123,753,782]
ZMA
Gunung Gede
Indonesia
-6.7833333
1304
106.98333
19
20
ZMA 407630
6
Jawa Barat
2243137558
ZMA
Gunung Gede
Indonesia
-6.7833333
1304
106.98333
19
20
ZMA 407690
2
Jawa Barat
2243137484
[550,1380,789,817]
SMF
Gunung Gede
Indonesia
900
-6.7833333
Gunung Gede
1304
106.98333
19
20
SMF 8915
9
Jawa Barat
4865376309
[189,1020,824,852]
SMF
1200
-6.7833333
Gunung Gede
1304
106.98333
Gunung Gede
19
20
SMF 89136
16
4865376338
ZMB
1500
-6.7833333
Gunung Gede
1304
106.98333
19
20
ZMB 46035
3