Nephepeltia aequisetis Calvert, 1909 A synopsis of the Neotropical genus Nephepeltia (Odonata: Libellulidae), including description of a new species, synonymies, and a key to males Ellenrieder, Natalia Von Zootaxa 2014 3796 1 121 146 6S8Z7 Calvert, 1909 Calvert 1909 [151,597,943,970] Insecta Libellulidae Nephepeltia Animalia Odonata 2 123 Arthropoda species aequisetis    Nephepeltia aequisetis Calvert, 1909(244; description of syntypes♂ and ♀ from Braziland Bolivia);— Ris (1911: 393, 395; in key);— Santos (1950: 16–20, figs. 7–8, 11, 17, 27–28, 47–48; redescription based on ♂ and ♀ from Brazil; illustrations of ♂ anterior lamina, genital fossa, S10, and vesica, and of ♀ pronotum and S9–10);— Costa et al.(2000: 16, record from São Paulo State, Brazil).    Typespecimens examined.♂ Lectotype, designated here: BRAZIL, Mato Grosso State, Cachoeira Cuiabá, flooded campo { 15°35'N, 56°5'W, 194 m}, 26 i 1886, leg. H.H. Smith [ CMNH]; 3 ♂, 1 ♀ paralectotypes, same as lectotype[ CMNH]; 1 ♂, 1 ♀ paralectotypes, same but [ UMMZ]; 1 ♀, same but Chapada, leg. H.H. Smith [ CMNH]; 1 ♂, Bolivia, Piedra Blanca { 10°11'N, 65°19'W, 114 m}, iv, leg. H.H. Smith [ CMNH].  Other specimens examined.Total 8 ♂, 4 ♀: ARGENTINA, FormosaProv.: 1 ♀, Parque Nacional Pilcomayo, Laguna Blanca, marshes by pond ( 25°10'29''S, 58°07'44''W, 74 m), 16 ii 2008, NVE & RWG leg. [RWG]; 3 ♂, 2 ♀, Estancia Guaycola, 25 kmN of Formosa( 25°59'S, 58°12'W, 185m), 26 ii 1999– 10 iii 1999, J. Ledford leg. [ACR]; Corrientes Prov.: 1 ♂, Mercedes, Arroyo Pay Ubre ( 29°01'41''S, 58°10'28''W, 65 m), 27 ii 2003, P. Pessacq & J. Muzón leg. [ MLP]. PARAGUAY, San PedroDep.: 1 ♀, Antequera, along road to San Pedro( 24°08'S, 57°05'W, 64 m) 13 xii 1979, L. Strickman leg. [ FSCA]. BOLIVIA, Santa Cruz Dep.: 3 ♂, Guarayos Prov., 13 kmsouth of Ascensiónde Guarayos on Hwy 9, Hacienda Progreso, pond and wetlands ( 15°59'24''S, 63°07'10'' W, 234 m), 17–18 viii 2003, B. Mauffray leg. [ FSCA]; 1 ♂, Velasco Prov., pond NW of El Carmen de la Ruiza, 14 kmNW on hwy to Concepción, marsh and pond ( 16°02'10''S, 61°05'56''W, 345 m), 11 xi 1999, B. Mauffray leg. [ FSCA].   Lectotypedesignation for  Nephepeltia aequisetis. Calvert (1906: 244)described  N. aequisetisbased on a large series of specimens including 13 malesand 14 femalesfrom Brazil, ‘Cachoeira Cuyabá’, one female from Brazil, Chapada, three males and three females from Brazil, Corumbá, and two males and one female from Bolivia, Piedra Blanca, without designating a holotypenor providing illustrations. I borrowed some of the syntypes, and since the large typeseries could include more than one species, in order to preserve stability of nomenclature and ensure a consistent application of the name, I hereby designate one of the male syntypesillustrated here ( Figs. 6a; 9a; 10a; 13a) and deposited at the CMNHas lectotypeof  Nephepeltia aequisetis Calvert, 1909, to act as the unique namebearing typeof this taxon. Original typelabels accompanying lectotypeare as follows (handwriting in italics): [ Nephepeltia aequisetis Cal./ PPCalvert det. 1909/ AnCarMus.VIp.244/   TYPE♂] [ Cachoeira 6] [ Cachoeira Cuyabá/ Flooded campo. Jan.26]. The lectotypeagrees well with Calvert’s (1909) description of the male.   Diagnosis.Males of  Nephepeltia aequisetiscan be distinguished from all congeners by the level of the distal end of ventral toothed carina of cercus at about distal fourth of cercus length ( Fig. 13a; at about distal half to third in other species, Figs. 13b–i). They share the tubercle on venter of thorax with  N. berlai,  N. flavifrons, and  N. flavipennis( Figs. 6a–c; 7; smoothly convex or with a spine as long as twice its width in other species, Figs. 6d; 8), and the spurs of inner row of male hind tibiae of about uniform placement and length with  N. berlai,  N. flavipennis, and  N. phryne( Figs. 2a–b, e, g; closely set and peg-like at medial 0.33 in  N. leonardinaor shorter and more closely set at basal 0.50–0.75 in  N. flavifrons, Figs. 2c–d, f). Male vesica spermalis is most similar to that of  N. berlai, but its medio-ectal distal process is only slightly shorter than the latero-ectal distal lobes ( Fig. 11a; medio-ectal distal process distinctly shorter than latero-ectal lobes in  N. berlai, Fig. 11b, and longer than latero-ectal lobes or vestigial to absent in other species, Figs. 11c–f). Females of  N. aequisetiscan be recognized from those of  N. leonardinaby the radial planate consisting of three cells and the base of Fw discoidal field with one cell (as in Fig. 3a; four or five and two respectively in  N. leonardina, Fig. 3f), and from those of  N. phryne(and possibly  N. flavipennis, female unknown) by the presence of one cell between Fw subtriangle and hind margin of wing (as in Fig. 3a; two cells in  N. phryne, as in Fig. 3g). The number of cells between Fw subtriangle and hind margin of wing is variable in  N. berlaiand  N. flavifrons(one or two), and females of these species with one cell between Fw subtriangle and hind margin of wing are undistinguishable morphologically from those of  N. aequisetis.   Distribution.  Nephepeltia aequisetisis found from Brokopondo District in Surinameand Maranhão State in Brazil( Santos 1950, not examined) south to E Bolivia, Paraguay, and NE Argentina( Fig. 15), associated with ponds and marshes.