Culex ( Culex ) apicinus Philippi, 1865 Culex apicinus Philippi, 1865: 596 Dyar 1928: 360 Culex ( Phalangomyia ) Edwards 1932: 206 Culex ( Culex ) Lane 1953: 341 Forattini 1965: 143 Bram 1967: 26 Phalangomyia debilis Dyar & Knab 1914: 58 Phalangomyia Dyar 1926: 42 Culex ( Phalangomyia ) Dyar 1928: 359 Edwards 1930: 107 1932: 206 apicinus Philippi Culex ( Culex ) Culex escomeli Brèthes 1920: 41 Dyar 1926: 42 Culex ( Phalangomyia ) Dyar 1928: 359 Edwards 1930: 107 1932: 206 apicinus Philippi Culex ( Culex ) Culex ( Phalangomyia ) alticola Martini 1931: 216 Lane 1953: 341 apicinus Philippi Bram 1967: 26 Morphological description of the pupa and redescription of the adults and larva of Culex (Culex) apicinus Philippi (Diptera: Culicidae) Rossi, Gustavo Carlos Laurito, Magdalena Almirón, Walter Ricardo Zootaxa 2008 2008-11-24 1941 1 31 42 8BMH5 Philippi Philippi. Ce 1865 [151,537,746,772] Insecta Culicidae Culex Animalia Diptera 1 32 Arthropoda species apicinus Culex    Culex( Culex) apicinus Philippi, 1865. (asterisk means drawings are available)     Culex apicinus Philippi, 1865: 596(A). Typelocality: Santiago, Chile. Typenon existent, Belkin et al. 1968.  Dyar 1928: 360as  Culex( Phalangomyia)(M*, F, L*).  Edwards 1932: 206as  Culex( Culex).  Lane 1953: 341(M*, F, L*).  Forattini 1965: 143(M*, F).  Bram 1967: 26(M*, F, L; syn).     Phalangomyia debilis Dyar & Knab 1914: 58(M*, F;  Phalangomyia). Typelocality: Matucana, ( Lima), Perú(USNM).  Dyar 1926: 42as  Culex( Phalangomyia).  Dyar 1928: 359(M*, F, L*).  Edwards 1930: 107and  1932: 206(syn. with  apicinusPhilippias  Culex( Culex).     Culex escomeli Brèthes 1920: 41(M*, F). Typelocality: Arequipa, Perú(BA).  Dyar 1926: 42as  Culex( Phalangomyia).  Dyar 1928: 359(M*, F, L*).  Edwards 1930: 107and  1932: 206(syn. with  apicinusPhilippias  Culex( Culex).     Culex( Phalangomyia) alticola Martini 1931: 216(A). Typelocality: Serrata, 2,300 m, Bolivia(BM).  Lane 1953: 341(M*, F, L; syn. with  apicinusPhilippi). Stone 1956(1957): 340 (M*). Belkin 1968: 12 (tax.).  Bram 1967: 26.  FEMALE: Head: Occiput with decumbent whitish scales, narrow and curved, broad decumbent white scales lengthwise ocular line and posterior margin of occiput, erect scales dark brown, sometimes yellowish scaled near midline. Ocular seta brown and interocular brown or golden. Antenna 1.68-2.08 mm( 1.91 mm), pedicel homogeneously colored with pruinosity on surface. Flagellomeres dark, Flm1 with decumbent white scales except on the outer side. Clypeus dark brown with golden sheen. Labial basal setae golden. Proboscis 2.28– 2.78 mm( 2.54 mm), golden scaled, 0.3 distal ventrally dark scaled. Maxillary palpus 0.37–0.39 mm( 0.38 mm), dark brown scaled, 0.25 distal golden scaled, fourth palpomere vestigial. Thorax:scutum integument dark brown. Covered by narrow pale scales except by two thin denuded stripes between achrostical and dorsocentral areas, extending to 0.75 of scutum, narrow bronze scales between achrostical setae. Scutal fossa and supralar area with narrow scales that not cover uniformly the surface (scattered), bronze and pale, respectively. Anterior promontory white scaled. Prescutelar area without scales. Achrostical, dorsocentral and supralar setae dark brown. Pleural integument brown, velvety aspect, margin of each tergite pale. Spots of broad pale scales as follows: upper and lower mesokatepisternal, upper and anterior mesanepimeral and lower proepisternal. Antepronotum integument brownish with scattered, pale scales, wide intermediate between narrow occipital scales and broad scales of ocular line; mainly with golden setae, sometimes with strong dark brown setae. Postpronotum with 3–5 (4) golden setae, scales wide as in antepronotum, pale to dorsal; remain- der of pleural setae yellow to golden: 4 proepisternal, 4–7 (4) prealar, 5–6 (5) and 4–5 (4) upper and lower mesokatepisternal, respectively, 6–11 (7) and 1–2 (2) upper and lower mesanepimeral, respectively. Pre- and postspiracular setae absent. Scutellum with pale scales confined to the lobes, wide as in antepronotum; 7–8 (7) and 5–7 (5) median and lateral large scutellar setae, brown with golden sheen. Mediotergite brownish, without setae or scales. Wing: Length 3.82–4.88 mm( 4.39 mm), narrow brown scaled, darker on Costa and Radius, broader pale scales at base until humeral crossvein, with sparse and equidistant white decumbent narrow scales along Costa, and forming a spot at apex of wing from Costa to vein M 3+4over the cells SC, R1, R2, R3, and M 3+4, other veins with sparse decumbent white scales.  Halter:Homogeneouslyyellow to tan or capitellum darker; capitellum with grey scales. Legs: Coxal integument yellowish to tan. Anterior region of fore and midcoxa pale scaled; hindcoxa pale scaled in mid region. Golden setae as follows: Forecoxa, between pale scales and ventro-posterior region; midcoxa, laterally; hindcoxa, longitudinal line posteriorly and ventro-medial region. Trochanters, bronze integument with ventral dark brown spot. Fore, mid and hindtrochanters pale scaled on posterior and ventral region and laterally in hindtrochanter. Golden weak setae, ventrally. Femora brown scaled dorsally and pale scaled ventrally, golden scaled ring on distal extreme, Fe-1 2.25–3.00 mm ( 2.54 mm), Fe-2 2.25-2.95 mm( 2.54 mm), Fe-3 2.45–3.15 mm( 2.75 mm). Tibiae golden scaled apically. Fore and midtibia dark scaled dorsally and pale scaled ventrally; hindtibia entirely dark scaled. Ti-1 1.95–3.05 mm( 2.75 mm), Ta-1-I 1.00– 1.80 mm( 1.62 mm), Ta-2-5-I 1.00– 1.80 mm( 1.51 mm). Tarsi dark scaled; joints between tarsomeres dark scaled, sometimes few golden scales never as a ring. Pulvillus pale; unguis dark and simple. Abdomen: Integument tan to brown. Tergum I with a spot of pale scales in medioapical region, golden setae. Terga II-VII dark brown scaled with a complete basal band of pale scales in following proportions: II-Te 0.48, III-Te 0.44, IV-Te 0.48, V-Te 0.49, VI-Te 0.54 and VII-Te 0.58. Tergum VIII golden scaled, complete basal band of pale scales 0.71 of segment. Sternum pale scaled, golden setae on apical margin; IV-VI-S sometimes dark scaled distally. Genitalia( Fig. 1): Cerci long, near 210 µm, cover by the tergum, postgenital plate long and not very wide (80x 125 µm), insula normal, upper and lower vaginal lip hardly chitinized. MALE: Smaller than female, otherwise like female except as follows. Head: Erect scales of vertex yellowish, sometimes dark in latero-posterior region. Antenna strongly verticillate, 1.95–2.15 mm( 2.03 mm); flagellomeres dark scaled. Proboscis 2.50–3.00 mm ( 2.71 mm); golden scaled dorsally, pale scaled ventrally. Maxillary palpus pale scaled ventrally, length 2.35–2.90 mm( 2.60 mm). Thorax: Scutum integument darker than female. Postpronotum with 3–6 (3) setae. Mediotergite darker. Pleural setae as follows: 3–5 proepisternal, 5–8 (6) prealar, 3–6 and 2–4 (3) upper and lower mesokatepisternal, respectively, 3–7 (5) and 1,2 (1) upper and lower mesanepimeral, respectively. Scutellum darker; 6–7 (7) and 4–5 (5) median and lateral large scutellar setae, respectively. Wing: Length 3.09–3.76 mm( 3.57 mm). Legs: Fe-1 2.30–2.60 mm( 2.36 mm); Fe-2 2.10–2.75 mm( 2.40 mm); Fe-3 2.15–2.75 mm( 2.43 mm); Ti-I 1.45–3.00 mm ( 2.55 mm); Ta-1-I 0.55– 2.15 mm 1.59 mm); Ta-2,5-I 1.00– 1.85mm( 1.51 mm). Unguis with secondary teeth. Abdomen: Tergum II-VI with a complete basal band of pale scales in following proportions: II-Te 0.57, III-Te 0.50, IV-Te 0.47, V-Te 0.51, VI-Te 0.59. Genitalia( Fig. 2, 3, 4): Gonocoxite short, length approximately 1.5 the widest part, with 16–20 strong setae along the external border of the gonocoxite. Subapical lobe with two structures, a large leaflet with serration on upper margin and ending in a long filament, and a tubular process ending as open arms. Median lobe of gonocoxite with 3 setae as rods, a short blunt rod, a strong hooked rod somewhat longer, and a modified rod, the longest and with the apex shaped as a flag with a furcate tip. Adjacent to these setae and to the middle of gonocoxite a semicircular lobe with 9–28 strong setae as rods with twisted apices and 2,3 normal setae, and a small dome with a patch of 16–20 setae. Gonostyle different, curved, of normal appearance in lateral view, in ventral view wide with an oval depression toward the apex where among 5–8 setae can be found, and ending in two divergent branches. The apex appears rough, has the normal claw of  Culex, and distally forms a conical protuberance (spiny crest according to Stone, 1956) ( Fig. 3). Phallosome: Dorsal arm short, rough, reaching the first teeth of lateral arm. Ventral arm less differentiated of the 3–5 teeth of lateral arm, all striated. Lateral plate curved, partly surrounding the teeth, with the external edge toward the tergum. Dorsal process almost triangular. Proctiger: With a tuft of short pointed spines, basal arm very short with round apex, with 15–19 cercal setae. IX thtergal lobe small, with 5–9 setae in 1–3 rows.  Observations.  Adultspecimens of different Argentineprovinces show great differences in size and other features such as presence and position of white scales on wing veins, as well as, the extent of the apical patch. Themales from Mendoza Provinceare the biggest followed by males from Río Negro Province, reaching the mean length of Fe-I 3.00 mm and 2.33 mm, respectively. Adultsfrom Buenos Aires Provinceshowed white scales on 0.96 of the length of the R 2vein (vein length = 1.55 mm), and 0.95 of the M 3+4vein (vein length = 1.15 mm), while the proportion for adults from Mendoza Provincewere 0.56 of the R 2vein and 0.8 of the M 3+4vein (vein length = 1.35 mmand 1.00 mm, respectively). Males and females from Río Negro Provincepresented small patches of whitish scales in all tarsal joints. Males from Santa Fe Provinceshowed a whitish ring at middle of proboscis.   FIGURE 1.Female genitalia structures of  Culex( Culex) apicinusPhilippi. Ce= cercus; PGL = postgenital lobe; I = insula. PUPA ( Fig. 5a, b). Placement and character of setae as figured; range and modal number of branches in Table 1. Cephalothorax:Integument yellow to tan, postscutal area, scutum (including medial keel) and distal extreme of legs darker. Metanotum tanned, dark brown in medial region, 11-Mtn the strongest of the segment. Trumpet conical, tan to brown, homogeneously or darker in traqueolar region and/or reticular area bordering the pinna; length 0.53–0.74 mm( 0.61 mm), width 0.13–0.17 mm( 0.15 mm), index 3.60–5.43 (4.019). Abdomen: Length 2.68–3.51 mm( 3.08 mm); integument tanned, mid area of tergum I brown. Terga III–V with a dark brown spot in midline which could extends as a basal band until seta 4-III-V. Seta 1-I among 10–26 (15) branches; 0-II-VIII present in all terga, simple; 8-II absent in general if present, simple; 14-III-VIII simple, almost  15 µ.In some specimens seta 13-IV and its alveolus was observed on segments III,V,VI. Genital lobe: Slightly tan, homogeneous, the shape varying from round to square, mid-apical region with tiny spicules, midlateral margin irregular, length 0.23–0.27 mm( 0.25 mm) in females. In males, tanned coloration, like a rectangle, with 4 lobes, 2 latero-external on the distal third, and others 2 lobes at apex of the genital lobe, length 0.51–0.55 mm. Paddle: Length 0.85–1.14 mm( 0.94 mm), width 0.65–1.00 mm ( 0.83 mm), index 1.01–1.29 (1.14). Yellowish, outer margin visible until half; midrib evident lengthwise of paddle. Without spicules on margin, tiny spicules on surface; setae 1-P sometimes double or triple, 2-P always simple.  Observations.According to Harbach & Peyton (1992), the seta 6-I,II can be used as a differential character to separate the subgenera  Phenacomyia(hardly if at all longer than 7-I,II) and  Culex(usually distinctly longer than 7-I,II), but in Cx.( Cux.)  apicinusdescribed here the seta 6-I,II was as long as 7-I,II. The presence of supernumerary setae was observed in some specimens as follows: two setae 9-V on left side (RN 6-21), two setae 11-IV (RN 6-12), and seta 9b-CT bilateral (RN 7-11); seta 13-IV was present in several specimens: RN 6-109, BA 50-103, MZ 3-10, 15 bilateral, RN 6-13, BA 50-12, BA 50-109 on the left side, in RN 7–12 inthe right side, the alveolus of this seta was usually present in the segments III,VI.   TABLE 1.Number of branches for pupal setae of  Culex( Culex) apicinusPhilippi(88 specimens, modes in parentheses).    Seta no. CT Abdominal segments Paddle  I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX  0 - - 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 - -  1 2-5 (3) 10-28 (15) 7-14 (9) 3-6 (4) 2-4 (3) 2,3 (3) 1,2 (2) 2 - - 1,3 (1)  2 2-4 (4) 1,3 (1) 1-3 (1) 1 1 1 1 1 - - 1  3 2-6 (3) 2,3 (2) 1-3 (3) 2-4 (3) 5-8 (7) 2 1-3 (2) 1,2 (2) - - -  4 2-5 (3) 4-6 (6) 2-4 (4) 4-7 (5) 1,2 (1) 3-5 (5) 2-4 (3) 1-3 (2) 1-3 (1) - -  5 3-5 (4) 1-4 (3) 3-5 (3) 3-6 (3) 2,3 (2) 2 2 1,2 (2) - - -  6 1-3 (2) 1-3 (2) 1-3 (2) 1-3 (1) 1-3 (2) 1,2 (2) 1,2 (2) 3-8 (4) - - -  7 1-5 (2) 2 1,2 (2) 2-4 (3) 1,2 (1) 3-7 (2) 1 1 - - -  8 2-5 (2) - 1? 2-4 (3) 1-3 (3) 3,4 (3) 2-4 (3) 1-3 (3) - - -  9 1,2 (2) 1-3 (1) 1-3 (2) 1 1 1 1 3-5 (4) 4-9 (7) - -  10 9-21 (12) 1,2 1-3 (1) 1,2 (2) 1,2 (2) 1 1 1 - - -  11 2,3 1-4 (2) 1-7 (2) 1 1 1 1,2 (1) 1 - - -  12 2-5 (3) - - - - - - - - - -  13 - - - a 1 a a - - - -  14 - - - 1 1 1 1 1 1 - -   FIGURE 2.Male genitalia structures of  Culex( Culex) apicinusPhilippi: a: Gonocoxopodite; b: Phallosome and Paraproct (dorsal); c: tergum IX (dorsal). BL = basal arm; DA = dorsal arm; DP = dorsal process; GC = gonostylar claw; Gc = gonocoxopodite; Gs = gonostylus; LA = lateral arm; PpC = paraproct crown; Ppr = paraproct; Pr = proctiger; SL = subapical lobe; ML = median lode; VA = ventral arm; IX-Te = tergum IX. LARVA (fourth instar) ( Figs. 5, 6): Setae as figured, range and mode of setal branches given in Table 2. Head:Wider than long, hardly tanned, lateralia and dorsal apotome tanned. Dorsomentum with 6,7 (6) teeth on both sides of median tooth. Maxilla ( Fig. 5c, d)  Culex type. Setae 0-2-C present, 1-C not tanned with barbs, 4-C usually single 5,7-C aciculate strongly developed, 8-C usually with 2 branches, 9-C usually with 4 branches, 10-C with 1–3 branches, 11,12-C usually with 2-6 branches, 13-C with 2–5 branches, 14-C usually single, 15-C usually double with 1-4 branches, 16,17-C absent, 6-Mx single, longer than 4-C ( Fig. 5). Collar dark. Antenna: Length 0.54–0.66 mm( 0.60 mm), slightly tanned with dark ring at base, proximal part aciculate, less aciculate laterally on distal part. Seta 1-A with 15–30 (24) aciculate branches, inserted about 2/3 from base. Thorax:Integument hyaline, smooth, tubercles of all large setae tanned. Seta 0-P with 6–12 branches, seta 1-P usually 1,2 (2), seta 2-P single, mainly same length that 1-P, seta 3-P usually 2,3 (2), 4-P usually triple (1–4), 5-P usually double, 6-P single, 7,8-P normally triple, 11-P with 1–4 branches, others single. Seta 1-M with 1–4 branches, 3-M single, similar in length to 1-M. Setae 1-T with 2-6 branches, usually quadruple, 3-T long, usually with 3 branches (2–7). Abdomen:Cuticle smooth, except on segment VIII around comb area. Tubercles of setae 6-I,VI, 7-I, 1,3-VIII tanned. Seta 1-I with 3–9 branches, 1-II with 1–6 branches, 1-III,V usually with 4 branches. Segment VIII: Comb with 24–32 scales arranged in 3 or 4 irregular rows, normally fringed. Segment X: Saddle complete, length 0.39–0.45 mm( 0.41 mm), tanned, with distinct spicules on posterolateral margin. Seta 1-X usually double (2–4), 2-X with 1–5 branches, 4-X with 11–15 (12) setae. Siphon: Length 1.23–1.59 mm( 1.36 mm), width 0.37–0.52 mm( 0.45 mm), and in specimens with the major width near the middle 0.40–0.59 mm( 0.49 mm), siphon index 2.53–3.30 (2.97), tanned, pecten on basal 0.65, with 5–11 spines with 1–4 basal denticles on one side. Seta 1-S usually in 5 pairs, 1a, 1b-S inserted into the pecten spines, 1e/f-S out of line, 1a,d/e-S usually with 9 branches, if 1e/f-S present usually with 6 branches.   TABLE 2.Number of branches for fourth-stage larval setae of  Culex( Culex) apicinusPhilippi(86 specimens, modes in parentheses).    Seta Head Thorax Abdominal segments  no. C P M T I II III IV V VI VII VIII X  0 1 6-12 (8) - - - 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 -  1 1 1,2 (2) 1-4 (2) 2-6 (4) 3-9 (6) 1-6 (3) 2-5 (4) 3-5 (3) 3-5 (4) 2-5 (3) 1,2 (2) 4-8 (4) 2-4 (2)  2 1 1 1-3 (1) 1-4 (1) 1 1-3 (1) 1 1 1 1 1 1 1-5 (4)  3 1 2,3 (2) 1 2-7 (3) 1-3 (4) 1-3 (1) 1-4 (1) 1-3 (1) 1,2 (1) 1,2 (1) 1-3 (2) 8-20 (13) 1  4 1-3 (1) 1-4 (3) 2-4 (2) 1-5 (1) 3-10 (8) 1-5 (4) 1-4 (1) 1-4 (1) 1-7 (3) 1-4 (3) 1-4 (2) 1,2 (1) 11-15 (12)  5 6-10 (9) 1,2 (2) 1-3 (3) 1-3 (3) 1-4 (2) 1-3 (2) 1-3 (2) 1-3 (2) 1-3 (1) 1-3 (2) 1-4 (3) 3-5 (4) -  6 5-10 (7) 1 1,2 (1) 1 3,4 (3) 3,4 (3) 3-5 (3) 2-5 (3) 2-4 (3) 2-4 (3) 5-12 (8) - Siphon  7 4-12 (8) 2-4 (3) 1 5-7 (6) 2 1-4 (2) 3-6 (4) 3-6 (4) 3-6 (4) 1 1-3 (1) - 6-14 (9)  8 2-4 (2) 2-4 (3) 4-13 (6) 6-8 (6) - 1 1-6 (1) 1,2 (1) 1,2 (1) 1,2 (1) 3,4 (3) - 8-17 (9)  9 2-5 (4) 1,2 (1) 4-9 (5) 4-9 (7) 1-3 (2) 1 1 1 1,2 (1) 1 1-3 (2) - 7-20 (8)  10 1-3 (1) 1 1,2 (1) 1,2 (1) 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 - 6-17 (9)  11 2-6 (3) 1-4 (4) 2-5 (4) 1-4 (1) 1-6 (3) 1-5 (2) 1-3 (1) 1,2 (1) 1-4 (2) 1-4 (1) 1-3 (1) - 5-9 (6)  12 2-6 (4) 1 1 1 1-3 (2) 1-3 (1) 1-3 (1) 1,2 (1) 1 1 1 - 3-8 (6)  13 2-5 (3) - 3-17 3-5 (4) 1-6 (3) 3-20 (7) 3-6 (4) 3-6 (4) 3-6 (4) 15-24 (18) 3-6 (4) - Pecten  14 1,2 (1) 1 8-17 (9) - - 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 5-11 (8)  15 1-4 - - - - - - - - - - 1-A  (2) scales  24-32 (26) 15-30 (24)   FIGURE 3.Gonostylus and subapical lobe of  Culex( Culex) apicinusPhilippi.   FIGURE 4.Phallosome and proctiger of  Culex( Culex) apicinusPhilippi.  Observations. A double seta 5-C was observed on left side of one specimen(larva MZ 3-12), which also had seta 0-C in the dorsal position. An alveolus between setae 6-Mx and 14-C was observed in some specimens. An extra single seta was observed basaly to 1a-S in one case. Seta 1f-S occasionally present. Seta 6-S double in one specimen.   FIGURE 5.Pupa of  Culex( Culex) apicinusPhilippi. a: Cephalothorax; b: Abdomen. Maxillae of larva of  Culex( Culex) apicinusPhilippi.c: ventral aspect; d: dorsal aspect. A = antenna; CT= cephalothorax; Dap = dorsal apotome; GL = genital lobe; MK = median keel; Mtn= metanotum; Pa = paddle; T = trumpet. MxB = maxillary brush.   FIGURE 6.Larva of  Culex( Culex) apicinusPhilippi. A= antenna; C = cranium; CS = comb scales; Dm = dorsomentum; PS = pecten spines; S = siphon; VII, VIII, X= abdominal segments. EGG: in raft formed among 30 and more than 70 eggs, of  Culex type, with corion smooth, 0.67–0.77 mmlength.   Material examined.  Culex( Culex) apicinus: 50M, 27  MG, 53F, 86 Pe, 2P, 42 Le, 44L as follows: Argentina, Buenos Aires( BA), La Plata, City Bell( 34° 52’08’’S– 58° 02’ 32’’W) ( BA 50), 2M, 1  MG, 6F, 9 Pe, 3L,  28-X-2004, Rossicoll., domiciliary irrigation channel; La Platacity ( 34° 55’ 45’’S– 57° 57’ 36’’W) ( BA 56), 8M, 2  MG, 7F, 15 Pe, 1P, 7 Le, 2L,  12-XII-2005, Rossicoll., water tank; idem, 1M, 1  MG,  16-V-1999, L. Elizaldecoll.; Bolivar( 36° 14’ 01’’S– 61° 07’ 00’’W), 13L,  15-I-1998, tires; Benito Juarez( 37° 40’ 57’’S– 59° 39’ 57’’W), 1M, 1  MG,  18-XI-1998; Moró n ( 34° 38’ 59’’S– 58° 36’ 59’’W), 2L,  28-X-1998, artificial container; Azul( 36° 46’ 57’’S– 59° 50’ 56’’W), 1M, 2F,  16-V-1998, Dpto. Zoonosis RuralesPBA coll., tires; Santa Fe: Venado Tuerto( 33° 45’ 59’’S– 61° 57’ 57’’W), 3M, 1  MG,  19-XI-1988, Caminocoll.; Córdoba: Río Tercero( 32° 11’ 01’’S– 64° 07’ 00’’W), 1M, 1  MG, 1 Pe, 1L,  19-XI-1988, Caminocoll., ditch; Villa María( 32° 24’ 49’’S– 63° 13’ 57’’W), 4M, 3  MG, 1L,  19-XI-1988, Caminocoll., ditch; Mina Clavero( 31° 42’ 59’’S– 65° 01’ 00’’W), 1P, 5L,  22-XI-2007, Rossicoll., pool near the river; Pampa de Achala( 31° 36’ 15’’S– 64° 49’ 24’’W),  La Pampilla, 2L,  24-XI-2007, Rossicoll., flooded plain; Villa Allende( 31° 18’ 00’’S– 64° 16’ 59’’W), 2F, 2 Pe, 2 Le,  IV-2007 Ludueñ a coll., swimming pool; C ó rdoba ( 31° 24’ 18’’S– 64° 10’ 47’’W), 2F, 2 Pe, 2 Le,  16-VIII-1984, Almiró n & Buffacoll.; Yuspe( 31° 22’ 38’’S– 64° 46’ 14’’W), 3M, 3  MG, 2F, 3 Pe, 3 Le, 13-  II-1995, Almiró n coll.; San Luis( SL): Villa de Merlo,  855 masl( 32°20’58’’S– 65°1’15’’W); 3M, 3  MG, 2F, 5 Pe, 5 Le, 20-  III-2007, Musicantcoll., swimming pool. La Rioja( LR): Patquía( 30° 03’ 01’’S– 66° 52’ 58’’W), Guayapas, 2M, 2  MG, 5F,  VIII-1960, Carcavallo& Yivoffcoll., water with chlorine sulphate (20%); National Park Talampaya( 29° 54’ 07’’S– 67° 31’ 21’’W), 1  MG, 2F, 3 Pe, 2 Le,  17-X-2004, Lauritocoll., natural pond; Cuesta de Miranda, 3M, 1  MG, 5F, 9 Pe, 3 Le, 1L,  18-XI-2007, Miranda river,  1620 masl( 29°20’50.4’’S– 67°42’12.7’’W), 18-XI-2007;  Rí o Vinchinaand Route(76 28°42’19.4’’S– 68°18’22.9’’W), 1F, 2 Pe,  04-XI-2007, Rossicoll.,  1660 masl.; Salta( SA): Quebrada de Escoipe( 25° 10’ 51’’S– 65° 43’ 00’’W), 1F, 1Pe, 1Le,  19-X-2000, Molinacoll.; Chorro Blanco river. Mendoza( MZ): Uspallata( 32° 35’ 46’’S– 69° 20’ 35’’W) (Mz 3), 1M, 1  MG, 1 Pe, 01-  III-1989, Garcí a & Marinocoll.; Potrerillos( 32° 57’ 00’’S– 69° 12’ 00’’W), 3M, 1  MG, 2F, 6 Pe, 6 Le, 22-  II-2002, Scheiblercoll., overflowing of Uspallata river,  650 masl; Río Negro( RN): Epulauquen Lake, 3L, 23-  II-2001, Spinellicoll.; Meseta de Somuncurá ( 41° 33’ 39’’S– 66° 19’ 04’’W), El Rinc ó n farm, 1M, 1  MG,  XI-1999, Muzó n coll.; Idem La Rinconadafarm ( RN 6), 6M, 2  MG, 3F, 9 Pe, 3 Le, 9L,  07-XII-2006, spring stream; idem ( RN 7) 7M, 2  MG, 11F, 18 Pe, 8 Le, 5L, between rocks on spring, both Rossicoll.   Distribution.  Culex apicinusis known from Chile, Bolivia, Perúand Argentina( Martinez et al., 1960, Knight & Stone, 1977). In Argentinait is recorded from the provinces of Buenos Aires, Catamarca, C ó rdoba, Corrientes, Jujuy, La Rioja, Santa Fe( Rossi, 1995; Campos & Maci á, 1998), Río Negro (Muz ó n et al., 2005), San Luis( Visintin et al., 2008 in press), Saltais a new province record.  Bionomics.  Culex apicinusdo not bite humans, probably it is fed on dogs, cats or farm mammals. Immature stages were collected throughout the year except June and July from temporary to permanent, natural (pools near rivers originated by rainfalls or overflowing, stream edge, water bodies between rocks, hole in rocks) and artificial (domiciliary irrigation channels, water tanks, ditches, swimming pools) mosquito larval habitat, including water treated with chlorine sulphate.   Discussion.By its characteristics the adult of  Cx. apicinusis sufficiently different like being easily distinguishable of other  Culex( Culex)species as well as the larva of fourth stage, mainly by the conformation of the siphon and the tanned dark of he himself, the head and anal segment (X). The pupae on the contrary is very similar to others of the subgenus, except by the trumpet shape, the presence of at least the alveolus of seta 13- III–VI and the paddle with tiny spiculosity on the surface. R Argentina Adult Adults The 3 34 R2 1 Mendoza [379,1297,1634,1660] MZ 7 38 MZ 3-12 1 MG, BA Pe & Le & La Plata & City Bell Argentina -34.86889 Buenos Aires 19 -58.04222 9 40 BA 50 1 Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos Aires 2004-10-28 MG Pe & Rossi & La Plata Argentina -34.92917 19 -57.96 9 40 BA 56 1 Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos Aires [225,1196,1967,1993] 2005-12-12 MG Pe & Le & Rossi Argentina -34.92917 19 -57.96 9 40 1 Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos Aires 1999-05-16 MG L. Elizalde & Bolivar Argentina -36.233612 19 -61.116665 9 40 1 Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos Aires 1998-01-15 Argentina 10 41 -37.682503 Benito Juarez 19 -59.665836 9 40 1 Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos Aires [420,1126,146,178] 1998-11-18 MG Mor Argentina -34.649723 19 -58.616386 10 41 1 Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos Aires 1998-10-28 Argentina -36.7825 Azul 19 -59.84889 10 41 1 Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos Aires 1998-05-16 Argentina -33.766388 Venado Tuerto 19 -61.965836 Dpto. Zoonosis Rurales 10 41 1 Santa Fe 1988-11-19 MG Camino Argentina -32.183613 Rio Tercero 20 -64.11667 10 41 1 Cordoba 1988-11-19 MG Pe & Camino & Villa Maria Argentina -32.413612 20 -63.232502 10 41 1 Cordoba 1988-11-19 MG Camino Argentina -31.716389 20 -65.01667 10 41 1 Cordoba 2007-11-22 Rossi Argentina -31.604168 Pampa de Achala 20 -64.82333 10 41 1 Cordoba 2007-11-24 La Pampilla & Rossi Argentina -31.3 Villa Allende 20 -64.28306 10 41 1 Cordoba [250,1387,426,458] 2007-04 Pe & Le Argentina -31.404999 Ludue 20 -64.17972 10 41 1 Cordoba 1984-08-16 Pe & Le & Buffa Argentina -31.377222 Yuspe 20 -64.77056 Almir 10 41 1 Cordoba MG Pe & Le Argentina 10 41 1 Cordoba [250,1373,506,538] II-, SL Almir Argentina 855 -32.34944 Villa de Merlo 20 -65.020836 10 41 1 San Luis [163,425,552,578] MG Pe & Le Argentina 10 41 1 San Luis III-, LR Musicant & Patquia Argentina -30.050278 La Rioja 20 -66.88278 10 41 1 La Rioja 1960-08 MG Carcavallo & Yivoff & National Park Talampaya Argentina -29.901943 20 -67.52251 10 41 1 La Rioja 2004-10-17 MG Pe & Le & Laurito Argentina Cuesta de Miranda 10 41 1 La Rioja 2007-11-18 MG Pe & Le Argentina 1620 -29.347334 Miranda river 1 -67.70352 10 41 1 La Rioja [710,1431,706,738] R Vinchina & Route Argentina -28.705389 1 -68.306366 10 41 1 La Rioja 2007-11-04 SA Rossi Argentina 1660 -25.180832 Quebrada de Escoipe 21 -65.71667 Pe 10 41 1 Salta 2000-10-19 MZ Molina Argentina -32.59611 Uspallata 20 -69.343056 Chorro Blanco river 10 41 1 Mendoza [519,678,832,858] MG Pe Argentina 10 41 1 Mendoza III- Garc & Marino & Potrerillos Argentina -32.95 20 -69.2 10 41 1 Mendoza [359,621,872,898] MG Pe & Le Argentina 10 41 1 Mendoza II-, RN Scheibler Argentina Uspallata river 650 Epulauquen Lake Rio Negro 10 41 1 Mendoza II- Spinelli Argentina -41.560833 Meseta de Somuncur 19 -66.31778 10 41 1 Mendoza [518,1339,946,978] 1999-11 MG Muz Argentina Idem La Rinconada 10 41 RN 6 1 Mendoza 2006-12-07 MG Pe & Le Argentina Idem La Rinconada 10 41 RN 7 1 Mendoza MG Pe & Le & Rossi Argentina 10 41 1 Mendoza