Two new species of Calibrachoa (Solanaceae) from subtropical South America Stehmann, João Renato Greppi, Julián Alejandro Phytotaxa 2011 2011-12-31 25 31 38 PJPP Stehmann Stehmann 2011 [151,615,1036,1065] Magnoliopsida Solanaceae Calibrachoa Plantae Solanales 1 32 Tracheophyta species irgangiana sp. nov.    Calibrachoa caesia similis, sed viscida, caulibus decumbentibus, foliis longioribus callis evidentibus in basi nervi principalis, floribus majoribus corolla purpureae bene differt.   Type:—  BRAZIL. Rio Grande do Sul: Santana do Livramento, BR293, em direção à Quaraí, 30º 50' 40.21'' S, 55º 26' 45.63'' W,  230 m,  5 October 2006,  J. R .  Stehmann, L. B.  Freitas& J.   Fregonezi4453( holotype BHCB, isotypes ICN, K, MBM). Shrub to 0.2 mtall, viscid, decumbent with ascending and nested secondary branches, forming a cushion-like structure, trichomes 0.1–0.4 mm, simple, glandular; stems cylindrical, woody at base, grayish brown, irregularly striate yellowish-brown, sparsely viscid-pubescent on older stems, densely viscid-pubescent on younger; internodes 2–8 mmlong; brachyblasts lacking or small, up to 3.2–4.0 mm long. Leaves sessile to subsessile, the blades 8–15(–17) × 5–8(–10) mm, elliptic to ovate, the apex obtuse, the base obtuse or rounded, the margin thickened, ciliate, symmetrical, slightly revolute, densely viscid-pubescent on both sides, the midrib sunken adaxially and prominent abaxially, discolorous and with a prominent ligneous callus near the base. Inflorescence of sympodial units, each composed of a single flower associated with 2 opposite leaflike bracts; pedicels 3.0– 9.5 mmlong, pubescent; calyx 9.0– 12.3 mmlong, olive-green to yellowish-brown, puberulent externally and internally, 10-nerved, the nerves thickened, cleft to below to the middle into lobes 4–8 mmlong, unequal, lanceolate, the apex acute; corolla funnel-shaped, 14–17 mmlong, externally yellow with marked purple venation, minutely pubescent, internally yellow, glabrous, the limb purple, ca. 20 mmin diam., the lobes 5–6 mmlong, with purple midribs, obtuse or truncated, the apex abruptly short-acute; stamens 5, included, in 3 distinct lengths; filaments with the free portion 6–7 mm, 7–8 mm, and 10–11 mmlong, the adnate portion about 3.5–4.5 mmlong, glabrous; anthers yellow, 0.9–1.0 mm long, the longer pair of stamens connivent, reaching the opening of the corolla tube; nectariferous disk 2-lobed; ovary ovoid, ca. 1.5 mmlong; style 9–12 mmlong, the apex curved; stigma broadly dilated, situated between the pair of anthers of the middle and longer stamens. Capsule 7–8 mmlong, ca. 6 mmdiam., subglobose to ellipsoidal, slightly acute at the apex; fruiting pedicels 12–14 mmlong, deflexed; seeds 1 mmlong, ellipsoidal to globose.   Distribution:—  Calibrachoa irgangianais known from only three populations, two from the central part of Rio Grande do Sulin southern Brazil, and one in southern Misiones, Argentina. The species seems to be associated with latosoils in both regions.   Etymology:—The specific epithet is a tribute to Professor Bruno Edgar Irgang (1941–2006), a botanist responsible for the training of many taxonomists in southern Brazil.   Additional specimens examined ( paratypes):— ARGENTINA. Misiones: Dep. Concepción, ruta provincial 201, km 34, 27°54’S, 55°25’W,  September 2006,  J .   Greppi1053( BHCB); ruta prov. 3, km 5.4, hacia Parque Provincial de la Sierra"Martinez Crovetto," 27º 55.6´S– 55º 31.8´W,  11 October 2009,  J .   Greppi1072( BAB).  BRAZIL. Rio Grande do Sul: São Pedro do Sul, BR287, em direção à São Vicente do Sul, 29º 38'18.45’’ S, 54º 18’ 16.65’’ W,  153 m,  3 October 2006,  J. R .  Stehmann L. B.  Freitas& J.   Fregonezi4420( BAB, BHCB, ICN); BR287, em direção à São Vicente do Sul, 29º 38' 18.45’’ S, 54º 18’ 16.65’’ W,  153 m,  3 October 2006,  J. R .  Stehmann, L. B.  Freitas& J.   Fregonezi4421( BHCB, FLOR, NY); BR287, em direção à São Vicente do Sul, 29º 38' 18.45’’ S, 54º 18’ 16.65’’ W,  153 m,  3 October 2006,  J. R .  Stehmann, L. B.  Freitas& J.   Fregonezi4422( BHCB); BR287, em direção à São Vicente do Sul, 29º 38' 18.45’’ S, 54º 18’ 16.65’’ W,  153 m,  3 October 2006,  J. R .  Stehmann, L. B.  Freitas& J.   Fregonezi4423( BHCB); BR287, em direção à São Vicente do Sul, 29º 38' 18.45’’ S, 54º 18’ 16.65’’ W,  153 m,  3 October 2006,  J. R .  Stehmann, L. B.  Freitas& J.   Fregonezi4424( BHCB); BR287, em direção à São Vicente do Sul, 29º 38' 18.45’’ S, 54º 18’ 16.65’’ W,  153 m,  3 October 2006,  J. R .  Stehmann, L. B.  Freitas& J.   Fregonezi4425( BHCB); BR287, em direção à São Vicente do Sul, 29º 38' 18.45’’ S, 54º 18’ 16.65’’ W,  153 m,  3 October 2006,  J. R .  Stehmann, L. B.  Freitas& J.   Fregonezi4426( BHCB).  Santana do Livramento, BR293, em direção à Quaraí, 30º 50' 40.21'' S, 55º 26' 45.63'' W,  230 m,  5 October 2006,  J. R .  Stehmann L. B.  Freitas& J.   Fregonezi4454( BHCB); BR293, em direção à Quaraí, 30º 50' 40.21'' S, 55º 26' 45.63'' W,  230 m,  5 October 2006,  J. R .  Stehmann, L. B.  Freitas& J.   Fregonezi4455( BHCB); BR293, em direção à Quaraí, 30º 50' 40.21'' S, 55º 26' 45.63'' W,  230 m,  5 October 2006,  J. R .  Stehmann, L. B.  Freitas& J.   Fregonezi4456( BHCB); BR293, em direção à Quaraí, 30º 50' 40.21'' S, 55º 26' 45.63'' W,  230 m,  5 October 2006,  J. R .  Stehmann, L. B.  Freitas& J.   Fregonezi4457( BHCB, RB).   Calibrachoa irgangianais a sticky plant, characterized by its decumbent stems, dense viscid vestiture covering the apical stems and leaves, abaxially prominent midribs with a distinctive ligneous callus at the base, purple funnel-shaped corolla, and long stamens (> 10 mm), with connivent anthers. In a front view, the anthers reach the opening of the corolla tube, a characteristic shared only by  C. caesia(Sendtn.) Wijsman (1990: 101). However,  C. caesiahas narrowly elliptic or linear leaves, lacks the ligneous callus, and the corolla tube usually does not exceed 10 mmin length and is internally whitish (not yellow). The leaves of  C. irgangianaare similar to those of  C. ovalifolia(Miers) Stehmann & Semir (1997: 419), a species with a broader distribution in the Pampas, with which it shares the ligneous callus at the base of the midrib, but differs in its corolla color (pink to whitish) as well as in having shorter (< 7 mm) stamens which are totally included inside the corolla tube. The cushion-shaped habit plus the colored blossoms make this species potentially useful for ornamental purposes. In Misiones, the species grows in the Campo (grassland) District in the southern part of the province, but no material was found from the neighboring province of Corrientes. This region has a grassland matrix with mixed forests and represents an area of contact among the Chaco, Atlantic Forest and Pampa Provinces ( Cabrera & Willink 1980). Following the IUCN classification,  C. irgangianashould be included in the Endangered (EN) category, because few populations are known and the landscape in both regions has drastically changed in the last decades, with major destruction of its natural habitat the native grasslands (B2a,bi,ii). 3128188322 [243,920,1138,1161] BR Brazil Santana do Livramento 1 32 BR293 1 Rio Grande do Sul 3128188314 2006-10-05 J, R Quarai Brazil 230 -30.844503 1 -55.44601 1 32 1 Rio Grande do Sul 3128188329 [611,777,1170,1193] L, B Stehmann Brazil 1 32 1 Rio Grande do Sul 3128188325 [780,909,1170,1193] J Freitas Brazil 1 32 1 Rio Grande do Sul 3128188342 BHCB, ICN, K, MBM Fregonezi Brazil 1 32 1 Rio Grande do Sul holotype 3128188333 2006-09 J Argentina -27.9 Dep. Concepcion 1234 -55.416668 Misiones 3 34 2 paratype 3128188313 2009-10-11 BHCB, J Parque Provincial de la Sierra Argentina -27.926666 Greppi 123 -55.53 3 34 1 3128188320 [151,394,461,487] BAB Argentina Greppi 3 34 1 3128188362 [406,1080,461,487] BR Sao Pedro do Sul Brazil Rio Grande do Sul 3 34 BR287 1 Rio Grande do Sul 3128188307 2006-10-03 J, R Brazil 153 -29.638458 Sao Vicente do Sul 1 -54.304623 3 34 1 Sao Vicente do Sul 3128188354 [979,1155,500,525] L, B Brazil Stehmann 3 34 1 3128188361 [1167,1306,500,525] J Brazil Freitas 3 34 1 3128188306 BAB, BHCB, ICN Brazil Fregonezi 3 34 BR287 1 3128188339 2006-10-03 J, R Brazil 153 -29.638458 Sao Vicente do Sul 1 -54.304623 3 34 1 Sao Vicente do Sul 3128188337 [459,643,577,602] L, B Brazil Stehmann 3 34 1 3128188341 [657,803,577,602] J Brazil Freitas 3 34 1 3128188334 [817,1385,577,603] BHCB, FLOR, NY Brazil Fregonezi 3 34 BR287 1 3128188336 2006-10-03 J, R Brazil 153 -29.638458 Sao Vicente do Sul 1 -54.304623 3 34 1 Sao Vicente do Sul 3128188317 [1259,1432,616,641] L, B Brazil Stehmann 3 34 1 3128188319 [151,293,655,680] J Brazil Freitas 3 34 1 3128188326 [306,708,654,680] BHCB Brazil Fregonezi 3 34 BR287 1 3128188331 2006-10-03 J, R Brazil 153 -29.638458 Sao Vicente do Sul 1 -54.304623 3 34 1 Sao Vicente do Sul 3128188324 [637,817,693,718] L, B Brazil Stehmann 3 34 1 3128188360 [829,972,693,718] J Brazil Freitas 3 34 1 3128188343 [984,1386,693,719] BHCB Brazil Fregonezi 3 34 BR287 1 3128188309 2006-10-03 J, R Brazil 153 -29.638458 Sao Vicente do Sul 1 -54.304623 3 34 1 Sao Vicente do Sul 3128188351 [1259,1432,732,757] L, B Brazil Stehmann 3 34 1 3128188338 [151,293,770,795] J Brazil Freitas 3 34 1 3128188301 [306,708,770,796] BHCB Brazil Fregonezi 3 34 BR287 1 3128188310 2006-10-03 J, R Brazil 153 -29.638458 Sao Vicente do Sul 1 -54.304623 3 34 1 Sao Vicente do Sul 3128188353 [637,817,809,834] L, B Brazil Stehmann 3 34 1 3128188327 [829,972,809,834] J Brazil Freitas 3 34 1 3128188348 [984,1386,809,835] BHCB Brazil Fregonezi 3 34 BR287 1 3128188302 2006-10-03 J, R Brazil 153 -29.638458 Sao Vicente do Sul 1 -54.304623 3 34 1 Sao Vicente do Sul 3128188349 [1259,1432,848,873] L, B Brazil Stehmann 3 34 1 3128188311 [151,289,887,912] J Brazil Freitas 3 34 1 3128188328 [299,593,886,912] BHCB Brazil Fregonezi 3 34 1 3128188357 [604,978,886,912] BR Brazil Santana do Livramento 3 34 BR293 1 3128188321 2006-10-05 J, R Brazil 230 -30.844503 Quarai 1 -55.44601 3 34 1 3128188356 [703,878,925,950] L, B Brazil Stehmann 3 34 1 3128188355 [889,1028,925,950] J Brazil Freitas 3 34 1 3128188335 [1039,1431,925,951] BHCB Brazil Fregonezi 3 34 BR293 1 3128188332 [151,1154,964,990] 2006-10-05 J, R Brazil 230 -30.844503 Quarai 1 -55.44601 3 34 1 3128188350 [1166,1340,964,989] L, B Brazil Stehmann 3 34 1 3128188344 J Brazil Freitas 3 34 1 3128188363 [212,617,1002,1028] BHCB Brazil Fregonezi 3 34 BR293 1 3128188318 2006-10-05 J, R Brazil 230 -30.844503 Quarai 1 -55.44601 3 34 1 3128188308 [376,550,1041,1066] L, B Brazil Stehmann 3 34 1 3128188315 [561,697,1041,1066] J Brazil Freitas 3 34 1 3128188346 [707,1097,1041,1067] BHCB Brazil Fregonezi 3 34 BR293 1 3128188312 2006-10-05 J, R Brazil 230 -30.844503 Quarai 1 -55.44601 3 34 1 3128188316 [814,988,1080,1105] L, B Brazil Stehmann 3 34 1 3128188330 [1000,1137,1080,1105] J Brazil Freitas 3 34 1 3128188304 BHCB, RB Brazil Fregonezi 3 34 1