Westwood, 1836: 75 Nematoptera costalis (Westwood) Westwood 1841: 12 Kirby 1900: 458 Navás 1910: 361 Navás 1911: 226 Navás 1915: 36 Acker 1958: 106 Revision of the southern African genera Nemopterella Banks and Nemia Navás (Neuroptera: Nemopteridae: Nemopterinae), with descriptions of new genera and species Abdalla, Ishtiag H. Mansell, Mervyn W. Sole, Catherine L. Zootaxa 2019 2019-07-12 4635 1 1 89 467XX 1265327 (Westwood, 1836) Westwood 1836 [151,558,1149,1176] Insecta Nemopteridae Nemia Animalia Neuroptera 75 76 Arthropoda species costalis  ( Figs 158, 165, 168, 173) Synonomy     Nemoptera costalis  Westwood, 1836: 75.    Nematoptera costalis(Westwood):  Westwood 1841: 12.     Halter costalis(Westwood):  Kirby 1900: 458.    Eretmoptera costalis(Westwood):  Navás 1910: 361.    Nemopterella costalis(Westwood):  Navás 1911: 226.    Nemia costalis(Westwood):  Navás 1915: 36.    Nemopterellasp.:  Acker 1958: 106, f.7–8, 10, 12–18, 20, 22.   Etymology.Unknown, probably from the characteristic costal area in the forewings.     Typelocality. South Africa,  Western Cape Province. Capeof Good Hope(“ CGH”). Typelocality subsequently designated by Tjeder (1967): Clanwilliam, 32°10’S 18°53’E.    Typedepository. OXUM.   Diagnosis.  Nemia costalisresembles  N. elongataby the same head colouration and abdominal pubescence patterns.  Nemia costaliscan easily be distinguished from  N. elongataby the broad forewings with rounded apex ( Fig. 165), while in  N. elongatathe forewings are more slender and the apex is short and acute ( Fig. 163).  Size(mm). Male: body length 10.9 (9.1–14.1); forewing 24 (21.6–28.4); hind wing: 52.2 (41.3–63.6); antenna 20.7 (14–24.2). Female: body length 10.4 (10.2–15); forewing 23.6 (20.4–27.9); hind wing 51 (41–61.4); antenna 15 (10.2–19.7). (N = 118).   Type material.  SOUTH AFRICA,  Western Cape Province. Holotype ♀(photo), ( Fig. 158), labelled: “C.G.H.” [ Capeof Good Hope] ( Whitehandwritten label) / ‘W’ [Westwood] (blue handwritten label) / Nemopt.  costalisWestw., Trans. Ent. Soc.(white handwritten label). ( OXUM).   FIGURE 158.  Nemia costalis(Westwood), holotype and associated labels. (Photo: OXUM).  Other material examined.  SOUTH AFRICA,  Western Cape Province. 1♀, TMSA00739, Zeekoeivlei Farmnear Clanwilliam[ 32°08’23’’S 18°44’08’’E],  29.x.2002, M.V. Light, Farm Staff leg/  Nemia costalis( Westwood, 1836), Det. M.W.Mansell2013;  2♀, TMSA00738, same locality and collectors,  29.xi.2002/  Nemia costalis( Westwood, 1836), Det. M.W.Mansell2013;  1♀, TMSA00740, same locality and collectors,  21.xi.2002/  Nemia costalis( Westwood, 1836), Det. M.W.Mansell2013;  2♀, TMSA02052, Clanwilliam[ 32°10’S 18°53’E], 11̶–  12.XI.1949, Dr.C. Koch,  Nemia costalisWestw., / det. Bo Tjeder1966;  2♀, TMSA00765, Diepkloof Farmnear Clanwil- liam,  12.xii.2003/ M.V. Light, Farm Staff Leg/  Nemia costalis( Westwood, 1836), Det. M.W.Mansell 2013. ( All TMSA).  25♂ 26♀, NEUR00702, Biedouw Farm, Biedouw Valley, 32°08’S 19°14’E,  29.ix.1986, M.W.Mansell, J.H.Hoffmann, Light;  4♂ 6♀, NEUR01473, Graafwater, 32°08’S 18°36’E,  190m,  15.xi.1990, M.W. Mansell, R.B. Miller, L.A.Stange;  3♂ 3♀, NEUR09821, Seekoevlei Farm, Clanwilliam Dist., 32°09’S 18°45’E,  360 m,  27.xi.1996, R.G. Oberprieler;  2♀, NEUR08890, Williston,  14.ix.1985, C.Quickelberge, J.G.H.Londt, At night light trap;  1♀, NEUR09590, Clanwilliam[ 32°10’S 18°52’E],  10.xii.1996, E. Anderson;  1♂, NEUR09591, Eliza- bethfontein Farm, Cedarberg, 32°03’S 19°03’E,  25.xi.1996, J. Colville;  1♀, NEUR08888,  20 kmSE Calvinia,  17.xi.1986, 3119 Db,  1050 m, J.G.H.Londt, C. Quickelberge, Flatscrubland;  1♂, NEUR08889, 31 kmN Matjiesfon- tein,  20.xi.1986, 3220 Dc,  1230m, J.G.H.Londt, C. Quickelberge, Flatopen area with flowers;  7♂ 6♀, NEUR09682, Dwarsrivier Farm, Clanwilliam Dist., 32°13’S 18°59’E,  26–27.x. 2006, 337m, A.K.Brinkman;  1♀, NEUR08891, Kromrivier Farm, 32°33’S 19°18’E(3219 Cb),  875m,  4–5.i.1975, M.W.Mansell;  1♂ 11♀, NEUR1119, Clanwil- liam, Owls Hoot B&B, 32°10’12’’S 18°53’52’’E,  87m,  18.xi.2001, M.W. Mansell, J.B. Ball.( All SANC).  2♂ 1♀, SAM-NEU–A001227, Olifantsriver between Citrusdal and Clanwilliam/  Nemia costalisWestw., det. Bo Tjeder1966;  1♂, SAM-NEU–A001228, Clanwilliam, Coefobes, 1959 /  Nemia costalisWestw., det. Bo Tjeder1966;  2♂ 5♀, SAM-NEU–A001229, Bulshoek, Klaver, Clanw.,  Oct. 1950, Museum Staff/  Nemia costalisWestw., det. Bo Tjeder 1966. ( All SAMC).   Distribution and habitat.This species is confined to the Western Cape Province, South Africa( Fig. 173). The collection sites fall within the greater Cederberg Region. This area stretches from the town of Clanwilliam in the North to Citrusdal in the south in the Olifants River valley. The habitat in this region is typified by a Mediterranean climate with cold, wet winters and hot, dry summers ( Cowling et al. 1996). The vegetation is composed of strandveld, renosterveld and fynbos.   Remarks. Westwood (1836)described  Nemoptera costalis(=  Nemia costalis) and  Nemoptera angulata(=  Nemia angulata) in the same paper as two distinct species. However, this classification was disputed by Hagen (1866)who synonymised  N. costaliswith  N. angulataand, inversely, Kirby (1900)and Navás (1910)synonymised  N. angulatawith  N. costalis . Tjeder (1967)recognised that they represented two distinct species and consequently redescribed both in his paper ( Tjeder 1967). 2274830154 [199,1128,1580,1607] CGH South Africa Good Hope 75 76 1 Western Cape holotype 2274830017 [199,492,1652,1679] OXUM 75 76 1 holotype 2274829922 OXUM South Africa White 75 76 1 1 Western Cape holotype 2274829980 2002-10-29 TMSA M. V. Light & Farm Staff South Africa Det. M. W. Mansell -32.139725 Clanwilliam 20 18.735556 Zeekoeivlei Farm 76 77 TMSA00739 1 1 Western Cape 2274829984 2002-11-29 TMSA M. V. Light & Farm Staff South Africa Det. M. W. Mansell -32.139725 Clanwilliam 20 18.735556 Zeekoeivlei Farm 76 77 TMSA00738 2 2 Western Cape Province 2274829909 2002-11-21 TMSA M. V. Light & Farm Staff South Africa Det. M. W. Mansell -32.139725 Clanwilliam 20 18.735556 Zeekoeivlei Farm 76 77 TMSA00740 1 1 Western Cape Province 2274829910 1949-11-12 TMSA Dr. & Koch South Africa Bo Tjeder -32.166668 Clanwilliam 1212 18.883333 76 77 TMSA02052 2 2 Western Cape Province 2274830130 2003-12-12 TMSA M. V. Light & Farm Staff Leg South Africa Det. M. W. Mansell Diepkloof Farm 76 77 TMSA00765 2 2 Western Cape Province 2274829923 TMSA All South Africa 76 77 1 Western Cape Province 2274829872 1986-09-29 NEUR M. W. Mansell & J. H. Hoffmann & Light South Africa -32.133335 Biedouw Valley 1212 19.233334 Biedouw Farm 76 77 NEUR00702 51 26 25 Western Cape Province 2274829930 1990-11-15 NEUR Mansell & Miller & L. A. Stange South Africa 190 -32.133335 Graafwater 1212 18.6 76 77 NEUR01473 10 6 4 Western Cape Province 2274829940 1287890790 1996-11-27 NEUR Oberprieler South Africa 360 https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/1287890790 -32.15 Clanwilliam Dist. 1212 18.75 Seekoevlei Farm 76 77 NEUR09821 6 3 3 Western Cape Province 2274830043 1985-09-14 NEUR C. Quickelberge & J. G. H. Londt South Africa Williston 76 77 NEUR08890 2 2 Western Cape Province 2274830123 1287890774 [272,1143,1279,1306] 1996-12-10 NEUR Anderson South Africa https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/1287890774 -32.166668 Clanwilliam 1212 18.866667 76 77 NEUR09590 1 1 Western Cape Province 2274830015 1996-11-25 NEUR J. Colville South Africa -32.05 Cedarberg 1213 19.05 Farm 76 77 NEUR09591 1 1 Western Cape Province 2274829945 1986-11-17 NEUR Db & J. G. H. Londt & Quickelberge & Flat South Africa 1050 20 km SE Calvinia 76 77 NEUR08888 1 1 Western Cape Province 2274829972 1986-11-20 NEUR Dc & J. G. H. Londt & Quickelberge & Flat South Africa 1230 76 77 NEUR08889 1 1 Western Cape Province 2274830188 2006-10-26 2006-10-27 2006-10-26 NEUR A. K. Brinkman South Africa -32.216667 Clanwilliam Dist. 1212 18.983334 Dwarsrivier Farm 76 77 NEUR09682 13 6 7 Western Cape Province 2274829969 1975-01-04 1975-01-05 1975-01-04 NEUR Cb & M. W. Mansell South Africa 875 -32.55 Kromrivier Farm 1210 19.3 76 77 NEUR08891 1 1 Western Cape Province 2274829895 2001-11-18 SANC Owls Hoot B & Mansell & Ball. & All South Africa 87 -32.170002 20 18.897778 76 77 NEUR1119 12 11 1 Western Cape Province 2274829929 South Africa Bo Tjeder Olifantsriver 76 77 3 1 2 Western Cape Province 2274829995 [223,1321,1567,1594] South Africa Bo Tjeder Coefobes Clanwilliam 76 77 1 1 Western Cape Province 2274830119 1950-10 Museum Staff South Africa Bulshoek Bo Tjeder Clanw. Klaver 76 77 7 5 2 Western Cape Province 2274829871 [231,446,1639,1666] SAMC All South Africa 76 77 1 Western Cape Province