Delle Chiaje, 1841 : 97 Rullier 1964 : 183 Bellan 1969 : 43 Diopatra cuprea cuprea Kirkegaard 1988 : 24 Diopatra cuprea Núñez et al. 1999 : 139 Unveiling a surprising diversity of the genus Diopatra Audouin & Milne Edwards, 1833 (Annelida: Onuphidae) in the Macaronesian region (eastern North Atlantic) with the description of four new species Paxton, Hannelore Arias, Andres Zootaxa 2017 4300 4 505 535 6D79R Delle Chiaje, 1841 Delle Chiaje 1841 [151,643,799,826] Polychaeta Onuphidae Diopatra Animalia Eunicida 24 529 Annelida species neapolitana      Diopatra neapolitana  Delle Chiaje, 1841: 97.—  Rullier 1964: 183–184 (indeterminable, Cape Verde).—  Bellan 1969: 43( Madeira); ?Núñez 1990: 499–501, fig 168 (Tenerife, Canary Islands); Arias et al.2016: 1–17, figs 1–9 (redescription).  Diopatra cuprea cuprea.—  Kirkegaard 1988: 24–25 (restating record by Rullier (1964).?Not Bosc, 1802.    Diopatra cuprea.—  Núñez et al.1999: 139( Cape Verde).?Not Bosc, 1802.    Material examined. Typematerial. Neotype(  MNCN16.01/16921), Pozzuoli Bay, Naples, Gulf of Naples, Italy, coll. local fisherman-A. Arias,  Apr 2013.    Non-typematerial.AM W.42262 ( 3 specimens), Bay of Machico, Eastcoast of Madeiraisland, 32.72°N– 16.77°W, depth  8 m, coll. P. Wirtz.    Typelocality. Mediterranean Sea, Gulf of Naples, Italy.   Diagnosis.Prostomium anteriorly extended and pointed with two subulate frontal lips. Palps reaching chaetiger 1–3; antennae reaching chaetiger 4–10, with 8–17 ceratophoral rings, lateral projections absent; nuchal grooves semicircular to ¾ circle; peristomial cirri present. Anterior three to four pairs of parapodia with uni- to bidentate pseudocompound hooks with pointed hoods; single postchaetal lobes. Ventral parapodial lobes present ( Fig. 17C); ventral cirri on four chaetigers. Subacicular hooks from chaetiger 16–22; pectinate chaetae with 5–10 teeth; spiralled branchiae, first on chaetiger 4–5, last single filament on chaetiger 50–70. Colour pattern of short transverse middorsal bar on anterior margin of anterior segments ( Fig. 17A, B). Tubes consisting mainly of silt and sand with hardly any ornamentation, distal end terminating near sediment level, without tube cap ( Fig. 17D, E).   Remarks. Rullier (1964)reported two small specimens as  D. neapolitanafrom Cape Verde. He stated that although he did consider them as  D. cuprea, he preferred to refer to them as  D. neapolitanaas the cosmopolitan species in the sense of Fauvel & Rullier (1959). The same record was restated by Kirkegaard (1988)as  D. cuprea cuprea. Núñez et al.(1999)collected  Diopatrafrom two localities at Cape Verde, and reported them as  D. cuprea.We have no record of either species from Cape Verde, and in view of the recently discovered diversity of  Diopatrain this region, consider the records as indeterminable. Three specimens of  D. neapolitanafrom Madeirawere sent for identification to one of us (H.P.). The specimens are anterior fragments, two measure 10 and 17 mmin length for 8 and 15 chaetigers, and 5.5 and 6.5 mmin width respectively. In the third specimen ( 18 mmlong, 20 chaetigers, 5.5 mmwide) the head and anterior six chaetigers are regenerated.   Distribution.Eastern North Atlantic, from the Bay of Biscay to the Canary Islandsand the eastern Mediterranean Sea. 1585879948 Cape Verde Madeira 24 529 1 Madeira 1585879927 Cape Verde Canary Islands 24 529 1 Canary Islands 1585879951 2013-04 MNCN Italy Arias Pozzuoli Bay Gulf of Naples 24 529 MNCN 16.01 2 neotype 1585879944 P. Wirtz. Non-type 8 32.72 East 725 -16.77 Bay of Machico 24 529 3 Madeira 1585879949 [199,826,1209,1234] Italy Mediterranean Sea Gulf of Naples 24 529 1 holotype