Stegosoma vinculatum Loew, 1863: 15
The Calliphoridae of Namibia (Diptera: Oestroidea)
Kurahashi, Hiromu
Kirk-Spriggs, Ashley H.
Zootaxa
2006
2006-09-28
1322
1
1
131
7M83
1902153
Loew, 1863: 15
Loew
15
1863
[352,647,1086,1110]
Insecta
Rhiniidae
Stegosoma
Animalia
Diptera
85
86
Arthropoda
genus
TYPE SPECIES: Stegasoma vinculataLoew, 1863, by monotypy. NOTES: The three described species are restricted to the Afrotropical Region (Zumpt 1958a: 198). The only biological information recorded for the genus is for S. vinculatumlisted below.
Stegosoma vinculatumLoew, 1863: 15. Figs. 10, 93.
TYPE LOCALITY: South Africa.
DISTRIBUTION: Widespread in West Africa to southern Africa: Benin, Botswana, Democratic Republic of Congo, Ghana, Kenya, Malawi, Mali, Mozambique, Namibia*, Nigeria, South Africa( Cape, Natal, Transvaal), Zambiaand Zimbabwe.
MATERIAL: 1♀, Avis Dam, 27–28.ii.1974, [SMStaff], H17714; 1♀, Otjiguinas 458, 12.vii.1974, [SMStaff], H20273; 2♀, Otjikotoberg 459, 8–13.vii.1974, [SMStaff], H20167; 1♀, Good Hope 397, 22–24.v.1973, [SMStaff], H13210; 5♂, 6♀, Gautsche Pan, 9–13.vi.1971, [SMStaff], H2187; 1♀, same except: 22–23.i.1984, Irish(1), H57979; 1♂, Epukiro River, Elandslaagte, 6 kmS, 22.xi.1988, Marais; 1♀, Kaudom Game Reserve at(3): 11–30.i.1991, Marais ( PT); 1♂, Tsams Ost spring, 26–27.xi.1997, KirkSpriggs(1) & Marais (S); 1♀, Viljoenskroon 507, 12–18.xi.1998, Olivier(1) ( MT); 2♂, same except: 15–22.ii.1998; 2♀, Somerkoms 521, 6–8.ii.2001, KirkSpriggs(1), ex [damaged nest of] Trinervitermes? rhodesiensis(Sjöstedt) ( Isoptera); 2♀, Salambala forest, 23–29.xii.2002, KirkSpriggs(2) ( MT); 2♀, Mile 46, 25–27.iii.2003, KirkSpriggs(1) ( MT); 40♀, B8 reststop at: 15.xii.1999, Marais, Mann & Newman, MMN3, termite nest; 6♂, Epukiro River, 3 kmN at: 9–11.ii.2001, KirkSpriggs(1) & Wheeler, swarming before dawn, 1 metre from ground beneath Terminalia; 20♂, same except: 10–11.ii.2001; 22♀, same except: 9–11.ii.2001, KirkSpriggs(1) & Marais, termitarium of Trinervitermes? rapulum(Sjöstedt); 1♀, Kubunyana camp: Kwando River, 28–30.x.2003, Kirk Spriggs(2) ( MT). NOTES: Cuthbertson (1933: 105) describes the life history and notes that males are uncommon in Zimbabwe, occurring in flowers of a Gymnosporiasp.(as Gymosporia[ sic]) ( Celastraceae) and other plants. He further notes that females are found in the vicinity of termite ( Isoptera) mounds, which have been cut through by the plough, and also in Aardvark burrows in mid October. He states that eggs are laid in the soil and detritus at the bottom of the burrows in termite nests, and larvae are very active, occurring among dead and dying worker termites. Also recorded is a swarm of flies emerging from a hole in a termite mound in December. Zumpt (1958a: 201) includes a record “… reared from nest of Trinervitermes havilandi[= T. trinervoides(Sjöstedt, 1911)]” from Johannesburg, South Africa. New observations in Namibiaindicate that female flies appear to be exclusively attracted to damaged termite mounds of at least two species of Trinervitermes( 40♀ Trinervitermessp.; 22♀ Trinervitermes? rapulum(Sjöstedt); 2♀, Trinervitermes? rhodesiensis(Sjöstedt) ( Isoptera: Termitidae) ( vide supra). Males have been observed to swarm before dawn ( 26♂), approximately one metre above ground, around the periphery of a Terminalia sericeaBurch. ex DC. (Comretaceae)tree in the Gobabis District of Namibia. The relatively large eyes of the males of this species may well reflect these nocturnal or seminocturnal habits. In Namibiaadults have been collected by sweeping and in pitfall and Malaise traps. Apparently restricted to the ‘arid’ and ‘mesic’ savanna biome of central, north, northeastern and southern Namibia( Fig. 93). Recorded throughout the year, except April, August and September; most abundantly in February and December ( vide Table 2). Cuthbertson (1935: 19) briefly describes the egg, 1 stand 3 rdinstar larvae and puparium, illustrating the egg (Plate V, a), the posterior and lateral aspects of the anal compartment ( ibid, b and c), the posterior and anterior spiracles of the 3 rdinstar larva ( ibid, d and e), and the cephaloskeleton of a 1 stand 3 rdinstar larva ( ibid, g and f).
[264,930,1118,1142]
SPECIES
85
86
1
holotype
[264,585,1310,1333]
LOCALITY
South Africa
South Africa
85
86
1
holotype