Inocybe carpinicola (Inocybaceae, Agaricales), a new nodulose-spored species from Hainan Province, China He, Pan-Min Fan, Yu-Guang Deng, Lun-Sha Yu, Wen-Jie Phytotaxa 2022 2022-12-06 575 1 79 88 B2XRG Y.G. Fan, W.J. Yu & P.M. He Y. G. Fan, W. J. Yu & P. M. He 2022 [136,699,244,271] Agaricomycetes Inocybaceae Inocybe Fungi Agaricales 4 83 Basidiomycota species carpinicola sp. nov.    Holotype: — CHINA. Hainan Province: Wuzhishan City, Nansheng Town, Wuzhishansubstation of Hainan Tropical Rain Forest National Park, on clay soil under  Carpinus L. (1753: 998) forests, at 109°40′43′′E, 18°51′53′′N,  688 masl.,  30 July 2021, leg. W. J. Yu, P. M. He & Y. G. Fan, FYG6307 ( FCAS3513); GenBank accession numbers:  OP207874- ITS,  OP207868- LSU,  OP227086- rpb2.   FIGURE 2.Basidiomata of  Inocybe carpinicola. a–b. FYG6297 (FCAS3617). c–g. FCAS6307 (FCAS3619, holotype). d-g. FCAS3154. Photos by Y.G. Fan.   FIGURE 3.a–b. Basidiospores. c–d. Basidia e. Pleurocystidia. f. cheilocystidiaand cheiloparacystidia. g. Pileipellis. h. Hymenophoral trama. i. Stipitipellis hyphae. J. Stipe trama hyphae. K. Stipitipellis. Scale Bars: a–h = 10 μm. Photo by P.M. He Diagnosis: —This new species can be distinguished from other taxa in the genus  Inocybeby brown, smooth- to striped-fibrillose, acutely umbonate, and small-sized pileus; subdistant lamellae with 10–13 attached to the stipe; slender stipes; nodulose to sub-stellate, 7.0–10.0 × 5.5–7.5 μm size basidiospores; sub-fusiform, utriform to clavate pleurocystidia mostly <50 μm in length; the absence of caulocystidia and oily hyphae, and association with  Carpinustrees. Etymology: —referring to its putative host plant,  Carpinus londonianavar. lanceolata(Hand. -Mazz.) P. C.Li. (1979: 68). Description: —Basidiomatasmall -sized, and slender. Pileus3–12(17) mm, conical when very young, conicalcampanulate to convex or applanate with a small pointed umbo, occasionally not umbonate but with depression towards the disc when mature; margin slightly incurved, then straight upon maturity; surface dry, smooth-fibrillose to striped-fibrillose, covered with grayish-white (1 B2) appressed velipellis in young specimens around the center, more sparsely so outwards, fugacious; initially dark brown (6 E6–6 E7), then yellowish brown (5 C6) or brownish yellow (5 C8), sometimes darker towards the margin (6 E8). Cortina present at both pileus margin and upper part of stipe in young specimens, fugacious. Lamellaeadnexed, sub-distant, 1–1.5 (2) mm in width, unequal with 10–13 attached to the stipe, alternately distributed with 3–4 tiers of lamellulae, edge indistinctly fimbricate, nearly concolorous with the face; white to ivory white (1 A1–1 B1) at first, then beige (1 B2–1 B3) to brownish (4 B8), brown (5 B7–5 C8) to dark brown (6 C7–6D8) when mature. Stipe 15–40 mmlong, 0.8–1.5 mmwide, terete, solid, equal with a slightly swollen base, pruinose at the extreme apex, covered with a heavy partial veil and a dense appressed whitish vesture downwards, background pale yellowish (5 B5–5 B6) when young, brownish (5 B7) at maturity. Contextfleshy, white (1 A1) to beige (1 B2–1 B3) with a brownish tinge (5 C8) in pileus, 0.2–0.4 mmthick at mid-radius, 1–1.3 mmunder the umbo; fibrillose in stipe, brownish (5 B5), striate, shiny. Odour indistinct.  Basidiospores[100/4/2](7.0)7.5– 8.4–9.2(10.0) × (5.5)5.8– 6.3–7.0(7.5) μm, Q＝(1.07)1.10– 1.32–1.50(1.61), Q m± SD＝1.32 ± 0.0107; nodulose to sub-stellate, with 7–9 prominent nodules, apiculus small and indistinct, yellowish to goldish in 5% KOH, with one intracellular ellipsoid oily content. Basidia20–28 × 7–11 μm, slenderly clavate to clavate, occasionally broadly clavate, obtuse at apex, tapered downwards, some with oily contents of different sizes, with 4- or 2- sterigmata 3–5 mmlength, colorless or yellowish. Pleurocystidia41–52 × 11–20 μm, sub-fusiform, utriform to broadly clavate, apices rounded or obtuse, often with crystals, base tapered into pedicel or occasionally truncate, slightly thick-walled, walls yellowish, 0.5–1 μm thick; colorless but with yellowish contents. Cheilocystidia33–50 × 12–19 μm, resemble pleurocystidia, clavate or fusiform, walls yellowish, up to 1 μm thick. Hymenophoral trama50–77 μm thick, sub-regularly arranged, yellowish in mass, composed of cylindrical or inflated hyphae measured 3–9 μm or 11–25 μm wide, respectively, smooth, colorless to yellowish, thin-walled. Pileipellis a cutis, 30–52 μm thick, brownish in mass, composed of cylindrical to inflated hyphae 4–20 inwidth, incrusted, thin-walled, walls yellowish. Pileal tramacolorless or yellowish, sub-regular, hyphae inflated, colorless, 13–19 μm wide. Stipitipellisa cutis, regular, hyphae thin-walled, incrusted, and yellowish to yellow. Stipe tramaregularly arranged, composed of colorless to yellowish, thin-walled, incrusted hyphae 4–15 μm wide. Caulocystida, cauloparacystidia, and oily hyphae not observed. Clamp connectionspresent in all tissues. Habitat and ecology: —Scattered on clay soil under  Carpinus londonianavar. lanceolata .Fruits in July to August in tropical China. Distribution: —Known only from the typelocality, Hainan Provinceof China. Additional specimens examined: —  CHINA. Hainan Province: Wuzhishan City, Nansheng Town, Wuzhishan substation of Hainan Tropical Rain Forest National Park, on clay soil under  Carpinusforests, at 109°40′43′′E, 18°51′53′′N,  690 masl.,  29 July 2021, leg. Y.- G. Fan, L.- S. Deng, L.- N. Zhao, J.- H. Hu, FYG6297 ( FCAS3617), FYG6300 ( FCAS3618),   30 August 2021, leg. W.-J. Yu, P.-M. He, Y.-G. Fan, FYG6312 ( FCAS3620), FYG6315 ( FCAS3621),  W.- J. Yu& Y.- G. Fan, FYG6381 ( FCAS3622). 3987421303 OP207874, OP207868, OP227086 2021-07-30 L, W, J, P, M, Y, G, OP, ITS, LSU China Wuzhishan City 688 18.864723 Wuzhishan 21 109.67861 Nansheng Town 4 83 FCAS3513 1 Hainan holotype 3987421304 2021-07-29 Y, G China 690 18.864723 Nansheng Town 21 109.67861 6 85 FCAS3617, FCAS3618 1 Hainan 3987421301 2021-08-30 P, M W. - J. Yu & P. - M. He & Y. - G. Fan China Yu 6 85 FCAS3620, FCAS3621 1 Hainan 3987421302 [294,815,1426,1453] Y, G China Yu 6 85 FCAS3622 1 Hainan