The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits Huber, Bernhard A. Zootaxa 2018 2018-03-19 4395 1 1 178 3ZXD2 Huber, 2018 Huber 2018 [151,454,1196,1222] Arachnida Pholcidae Mesabolivar GBIF Animalia Araneae 99 100 Arthropoda species catarinensis sp. nov.   Diagnosis.Distinguished from known congeners by male procursus ( Figs 422–423; subdistal sclerotized process and bifid membranous tip), and by shape of epigynum ( Figs 424–425, 443–444; anterior plate with posterior membranous indentation; pocket on sclerotized process); from most congeners also by armature of male chelicerae ( Figs 421; simple pair of apophyses close to median line, without proximal modification).   Etymology.The specific name is an adjective derived from the typelocality.    Typematerial. BRAZIL:  Santa Catarina: ♂ holotype, 1♀ paratype, UFMG(21524–25), 3♂ 2♀ paratypes, ZFMK(Ar 19189), São Joaquim National Park ( 28.034°S, 49.611°W), fern forest along small stream, ~ 1100–1200 ma.s.l., 18.x.2014(B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho).   Other material examined. BRAZIL:  Santa Catarina: 1♂ 1♀ 1 juv.in pure ethanol, ZFMK( Br14-161), same data as types.  2♂, ZFMK( Ar19190), Serra Geral National Park, Churriado Canyon ( 29.137°S, 49.953°Wto 29.130°S, 49.965°W), forest near river,  150–250 ma.s.l.,  20.x.2014( B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho).  1♂ 2♀, ZFMK( Ar19191), Serra Geral National Park, forest along road at ~  1000 ma.s.l.( 29.179°S, 50.024°W),  21.x.2014( B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho);  3♀2 juvs in pure ethanol, ZFMK( Br14-168), same data.  1♂ 1♀, ZFMK( Ar19192), Serra Geral National Park, forest along road at ~  700 ma.s.l.( 29.182°S, 50.008°W),  21.x.2014( B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho).  2♂, ZFMK( Ar19193), Aparados da Serra National Park, forest at northern margin of Itaimbezinho Canyon( 29.159°S, 50.081°W),  940 ma.s.l.,  22.x.2014( B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho);  1♀in pure ethanol, ZFMK( Br14-176), same data.   Description. Male( holotype)   FIGURES 419–426.  Mesabolivar catarinensis  sp. n.(ZFMK Ar 19189). 419–420. Left male palp, prolateral and retrolateral views. 421. Male chelicerae, frontal view. 422–423. Tip of left procursus, prolateral-ventral and retrolateral-dorsal views. 42 4– 425. Epigynum, lateral and ventral views. 426. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view. Scale lines: 0.5 (419–421, 424–426), 0.3 (422–423). MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 5.0, carapace width 2.0. Distance PME-PME 160 µm, diameter PME 160 µm, distance PME-ALE 130 µm, distance AME-AME 40 µm, diameter AME 50 µm. Sternum width/length: 1.20/ 0.85. Leg 1: 56.0 (13.7 + 0.8 + 14.3 + 24.3 + 2.9), tibia 2: 9.7, tibia 3: 7.6, tibia 4: 9.3; tibia 1 L/d: 75. Femora 1–4 width (at half length): 0.26, 0.30, 0.29, 0.27. COLOR (in ethanol). Carapace pale ochre-yellow with large dark median mark including ocular area, clypeus not darker; sternum orange; legs dark brown, without dark rings, tips of femora and tibiae lighter; abdomen greenish gray, with indistinct internal darker marks dorsally and laterally, ventrally small orange area in front of gonopore. BODY. Habitus as in Fig. 386; ocular area slightly raised; carapace with distinct median furrow; clypeus unmodified; sternum unmodified. CHELICERAE. With one pair of small, strongly sclerotized apophyses distally, close to median line, without proximal processes ( Fig. 421). PALPS. As in Figs 419–420, small relative to body size; coxa with retrolateral apophysis; trochanter barely modified; femur with retrolateral apophysis proximally, distally strongly widening; procursus with distinctive distal processes: subdistal sclerotized process with tiny side branch and bifid membranous tip ( Figs 422–423); genital bulb with large tapering process partly sclerotized. LEGS. Without spines and curved hairs, few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 2%; prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1; tarsus 1 with>40 pseudosegments, distally fairly distinct.  Male(variation). Tibia 1 innine other males: 13.3–15.5 (mean 14.1). Procursus of males from Serra Geral and Aparados da Serra National Parks with slightly larger bifid membranous tip.  Female.In general similar to male; legs often lighter. Tibia 1 infive females: 8.9–12.8 (mean 11.5). Epigynum as in Figs 424–425, 443–444, relatively small; anterior plate with distinctive whitish area (indentation) and elevated median process with pocket; posterior plate relatively large. Internal genitalia as in Figs 426, 445, with pair of roughly triangular pore-plates and distinctive posterior arc.  Natural history.The spiders were found in domed webs in sheltered cavities near the ground. When disturbed, they started swinging and moved back into the protective shelter.   Distribution.Known from two localities in Santa Catarinastate ( Brazil) ( Fig. 737). 1835975539 ZFMK Br Brazil 99 100 3 1 1 Santa Catarina 1835975557 2014-10-20 ZFMK B. A. Huber & L. S. Carvalho Brazil 200 -29.13 Ar 73 -49.965 99 100 2 2 Santa Catarina 1835975555 2014-10-21 ZFMK B. A. Huber & L. S. Carvalho Brazil 1000 -29.179 Serra Geral National Park 73 -50.024 Ar 99 100 3 2 1 Santa Catarina 1835975645 [414,1052,1734,1759] 2014-10-21 ZFMK Br Brazil 1000 -29.179 Serra Geral National Park 73 -50.024 Ar 99 100 3 3 Santa Catarina 1835975651 2014-10-21 ZFMK B. A. Huber & L. S. Carvalho Brazil 700 -29.182 Serra Geral National Park 73 -50.008 Ar 99 100 2 1 1 Santa Catarina 1835975634 2014-10-22 ZFMK B. A. Huber & L. S. Carvalho Brazil Ar 940 -29.159 Itaimbezinho Canyon 73 -50.081 Aparados da Serra National Park 99 100 2 2 Santa Catarina 1835975545 2014-10-22 ZFMK Br Brazil Ar 940 -29.159 Itaimbezinho Canyon 73 -50.081 Aparados da Serra National Park 99 100 1 1 Santa Catarina