Nine new species of Itaplectops (Diptera: Tachinidae) reared from caterpillars in Area de Conservacion Guanacaste, northwestern Costa Rica, with a key to Itaplectops species
Fleming, AJ
Wood, D. Monty
Smith, M. Alex
Janzen, Daniel H.
Hallwachs, Winnie
Biodiversity Data Journal
2015
3
4596
4596
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:A9672474-4A54-4556-855A-DB38CEAFD3B7
Fleming & Wood, 2014
Fleming & Wood
2014
Insecta
Tachinidae
Itaplectops
CoL
Animalia
Itaplectops aurifrons
Diptera
0
4596
Arthropoda
species
aurifrons
Materials Type status: Holotype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://janzen.sas.upenn.edu; catalogNumber: DHJPAR0007133; recordedBy: D.H. Janzen & W. Hallwachs, Gloria Sihezar; individualID: DHJPAR0007133; individualCount: 1; sex: M; lifeStage: adult; preparations: pinned; otherCatalogNumbers: ASTAV375-06, 06-SRNP-1262; Taxon: scientificName: Itaplectopsaurifrons; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Diptera; family: Tachinidae; genus: Itaplectops; specificEpithet: aurifrons; scientificNameAuthorship: Fleming & Wood; Location: continent: Central America; country: Costa Rica; countryCode: CR; stateProvince: Alajuela; county: Area de Conservacion Guanacaste; locality: Sector San Cristobal; verbatimLocality: Cementerio Viejo; verbatimElevation: 570; verbatimLatitude: 10.881; verbatimLongitude: -85.389; verbatimCoordinateSystem: Decimal; decimalLatitude: 10.881; decimalLongitude: -85.389; Identification: identifiedBy: AJ Fleming; dateIdentified: 2014; Event: samplingProtocol: reared from caterpillar of Dalcerides mesoa (Dalceridae); verbatimEventDate: Mar-04-2006; Record Level: language: en; institutionCode: CNC; collectionCode: Insects; basisOfRecord: Pinned Specimen Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://janzen.sas.upenn.edu; catalogNumber: DHJPAR0023648; recordedBy: D.H. Janzen & W. Hallwachs, Dunia Garcia; individualID: DHJPAR0023648; individualCount: 1; sex: F; lifeStage: adult; preparations: pinned; otherCatalogNumbers: ASTAW505-08, 07-SRNP-47422; Taxon: scientificName: Itaplectopsaurifrons; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Diptera; family: Tachinidae; genus: Itaplectops; specificEpithet: aurifrons; scientificNameAuthorship: Fleming & Wood; Location: continent: Central America; country: Costa Rica; countryCode: CR; stateProvince: Guanacaste; county: Area de Conservacion Guanacaste; locality: Sector Cacao; verbatimLocality: Cuesta Caimito; verbatimElevation: 640; verbatimLatitude: 10.891; verbatimLongitude: -85.472; verbatimCoordinateSystem: Decimal; decimalLatitude: 10.891; decimalLongitude: -85.472; Identification: identifiedBy: AJ Fleming; dateIdentified: 2014; Event: samplingProtocol: reared from caterpillar of Rosema attenuata (Notodontidae); verbatimEventDate: Jan-13-2008; Record Level: language: en; institutionCode: CNC; collectionCode: Insects; basisOfRecord: Pinned Specimen Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://janzen.sas.upenn.edu; catalogNumber: DHJPAR0019121; recordedBy: D.H. Janzen & W. Hallwachs, Gloria Sihezar; individualID: DHJPAR0019121; sex: F; lifeStage: adult; preparations: pinned; otherCatalogNumbers: ASTAI1768-07, 98-SRNP-6258; Taxon: scientificName: Itaplectopsaurifrons; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Diptera; family: Tachinidae; genus: Itaplectops; specificEpithet: aurifrons; scientificNameAuthorship: Fleming & Wood; Location: continent: Central America; country: Costa Rica; countryCode: CR; stateProvince: Alajuela; county: Area de Conservacion Guanacaste; locality: Sector San Cristobal; verbatimLocality: Sendero Corredor; verbatimElevation: 620; verbatimLatitude: 10.879; verbatimLongitude: -85.39; verbatimCoordinateSystem: Decimal; decimalLatitude: 10.879; decimalLongitude: -85.39; Identification: identifiedBy: AJ Fleming; dateIdentified: 2014; Event: samplingProtocol: reared from caterpillar of Parasa sandrae (Limacodidae); verbatimEventDate: Feb-27-1998; Record Level: language: en; institutionCode: CNC; collectionCode: Insects; basisOfRecord: Pinned Specimen Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://janzen.sas.upenn.edu; catalogNumber: DHJPAR0052468; recordedBy: D.H. Janzen & W. Hallwachs, Dunia Garcia; individualID: DHJPAR0052468; individualCount: 1; sex: F; lifeStage: adult; preparations: pinned; otherCatalogNumbers: ASHYM1822-13, 13-SRNP-35378; Taxon: scientificName: Itaplectopsaurifrons; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Diptera; family: Tachinidae; genus: Itaplectops; specificEpithet: aurifrons; scientificNameAuthorship: Fleming & Wood; Location: continent: Central America; country: Costa Rica; countryCode: CR; stateProvince: Guanacaste; county: Area de Conservacion Guanacaste; locality: Sector Cacao; verbatimLocality: Sendero Abajo; verbatimCoordinateSystem: Decimal; Identification: identifiedBy: AJ Fleming; dateIdentified: 2014; Event: samplingProtocol: reared from caterpillar of Acharia apicalis (Limacodidae); verbatimEventDate: Jul-15-2013; Record Level: language: en; institutionCode: CNC; collectionCode: Insects; basisOfRecord: Pinned Specimen Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://janzen.sas.upenn.edu; catalogNumber: DHJPAR0019122; recordedBy: D.H. Janzen & W. Hallwachs, Gloria Sihezar; individualID: DHJPAR0019122; individualCount: 1; sex: F; lifeStage: adult; preparations: pinned; otherCatalogNumbers: ASTAI1769-07, 98-SRNP-6258; Taxon: scientificName: Itaplectopsaurifrons; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Diptera; family: Tachinidae; genus: Itaplectops; specificEpithet: aurifrons; scientificNameAuthorship: Fleming & Wood; Location: continent: Central America; country: Costa Rica; countryCode: CR; stateProvince: Alajuela; county: Area de Conservacion Guanacaste; locality: Sector San Cristobal; verbatimLocality: Sendero Corredor; verbatimElevation: 620; verbatimLatitude: 10.879; verbatimLongitude: -85.39; verbatimCoordinateSystem: Decimal; decimalLatitude: 10.879; decimalLongitude: -85.39; Identification: identifiedBy: AJ Fleming; dateIdentified: 2014; Event: samplingProtocol: reared from caterpillar of Parasa sandrae (Limacodidae); verbatimEventDate: Feb-27-1998; Record Level: language: en; institutionCode: CNC; collectionCode: Insects; basisOfRecord: Pinned Specimen Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://janzen.sas.upenn.edu; catalogNumber: DHJPAR0019123; recordedBy: D.H. Janzen & W. Hallwachs, Gloria Sihezar; individualID: DHJPAR0019123; individualCount: 1; sex: F; lifeStage: adult; preparations: pinned; otherCatalogNumbers: ASTAI1770-07, 98-SRNP-6258; Taxon: scientificName: Itaplectopsaurifrons; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Diptera; family: Tachinidae; genus: Itaplectops; specificEpithet: aurifrons; scientificNameAuthorship: Fleming & Wood; Location: continent: Central America; country: Costa Rica; countryCode: CR; stateProvince: Alajuela; county: Area de Conservacion Guanacaste; locality: Sector San Cristobal; verbatimLocality: Sendero Corredor; verbatimElevation: 620; verbatimLatitude: 10.879; verbatimLongitude: -85.39; verbatimCoordinateSystem: Decimal; decimalLatitude: 10.879; decimalLongitude: -85.39; Identification: identifiedBy: AJ Fleming; dateIdentified: 2014; Event: samplingProtocol: reared from caterpillar of Parasa sandrae (Limacodidae); verbatimEventDate: Feb-27-1998; Record Level: language: en; institutionCode: CNC; collectionCode: Insects; basisOfRecord: Pinned Specimen Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://janzen.sas.upenn.edu; catalogNumber: DHJPAR0019120; recordedBy: D.H. Janzen & W. Hallwachs, gusaneros; individualID: DHJPAR0019120; individualCount: 1; sex: M; lifeStage: adult; preparations: pinned; otherCatalogNumbers: ASTAI1767-07, 93-SRNP-2131; Taxon: scientificName: Itaplectopsaurifrons; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Diptera; family: Tachinidae; genus: Itaplectops; specificEpithet: aurifrons; scientificNameAuthorship: Fleming & Wood; Location: continent: Central America; country: Costa Rica; countryCode: CR; stateProvince: Guanacaste; county: Area de Conservacion Guanacaste; locality: Sector Santa Rosa; verbatimLocality: Cafetal; verbatimElevation: 280; verbatimLatitude: 10.858; verbatimLongitude: -85.611; verbatimCoordinateSystem: Decimal; decimalLatitude: 10.858; decimalLongitude: -85.611; Identification: identifiedBy: AJ Fleming; dateIdentified: 2014; Event: samplingProtocol: reared from caterpillar of Parasa wellesca (Limacodidae); verbatimEventDate: Jun-29-1993; Record Level: language: en; institutionCode: CNC; collectionCode: Insects; basisOfRecord: Pinned Specimen Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://janzen.sas.upenn.edu; catalogNumber: DHJPAR0016104; recordedBy: D.H. Janzen & W. Hallwachs, Wilberth Araya Alegria; individualID: DHJPAR0016104; individualCount: 1; sex: M; lifeStage: adult; preparations: pinned; otherCatalogNumbers: ASTAP133-06, 06-SRNP-33945; Taxon: scientificName: Itaplectopsaurifrons; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Diptera; family: Tachinidae; genus: Itaplectops; specificEpithet: aurifrons; scientificNameAuthorship: Fleming & Wood; Location: continent: Central America; country: Costa Rica; countryCode: CR; stateProvince: Guanacaste; county: Area de Conservacion Guanacaste; locality: Sector Pitilla; verbatimLocality: Sendero Laguna; verbatimElevation: 680; verbatimLatitude: 10.989; verbatimLongitude: -85.423; verbatimCoordinateSystem: Decimal; decimalLatitude: 10.989; decimalLongitude: -85.423; Identification: identifiedBy: AJ Fleming; dateIdentified: 2014; Event: samplingProtocol: reared from caterpillar of Vipsophobetronmarisa (Limacodidae); verbatimEventDate: Sep-29-2006; Record Level: language: en; institutionCode: CNC; collectionCode: Insects; basisOfRecord: Pinned Specimen Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://janzen.sas.upenn.edu; catalogNumber: DHJPAR0055013; recordedBy: D.H. Janzen & W. Hallwachs, Ricardo Calero; individualID: DHJPAR0055013; individualCount: 1; sex: M; lifeStage: adult; preparations: pinned; otherCatalogNumbers: ASHYH1560-14, 14-SRNP-70421; Taxon: scientificName: Itaplectopsaurifrons; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Diptera; family: Tachinidae; genus: Itaplectops; specificEpithet: aurifrons; scientificNameAuthorship: Fleming & Wood; Location: continent: Central America; country: Costa Rica; countryCode: CR; stateProvince: Guanacaste; county: Area de Conservacion Guanacaste; locality: Sector Pitilla; verbatimLocality: Sendero Manguera; verbatimCoordinateSystem: Decimal; Identification: identifiedBy: AJ Fleming; dateIdentified: 2014; Event: samplingProtocol: reared from caterpillar of Euprosterna elaea (Limacodidae); verbatimEventDate: Mar-14-2014; Record Level: language: en; institutionCode: CNC; collectionCode: Insects; basisOfRecord: Pinned Specimen Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://janzen.sas.upenn.edu; catalogNumber: DHJPAR0019124; recordedBy: D.H. Janzen & W. Hallwachs, Harry Ramirez; individualID: DHJPAR0019124; individualCount: 1; sex: M; lifeStage: adult; preparations: pinned; otherCatalogNumbers: ASTAI1771-07, 04-SRNP-46517; Taxon: scientificName: Itaplectopsaurifrons; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Diptera; family: Tachinidae; genus: Itaplectops; specificEpithet: aurifrons; scientificNameAuthorship: Fleming & Wood; Location: continent: Central America; country: Costa Rica; countryCode: CR; stateProvince: Guanacaste; county: Area de Conservacion Guanacaste; locality: Sector Cacao; verbatimLocality: Quebrada Otilio; verbatimElevation: 550; verbatimLatitude: 10.89; verbatimLongitude: -85.48; verbatimCoordinateSystem: Decimal; decimalLatitude: 10.89; decimalLongitude: -85.48; Identification: identifiedBy: AJ Fleming; dateIdentified: 2014; Event: samplingProtocol: reared from caterpillar of Acharia sarans (Limacodidae); verbatimEventDate: Jul-10-2004; Record Level: language: en; institutionCode: CNC; collectionCode: Insects; basisOfRecord: Pinned Specimen Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://janzen.sas.upenn.edu; catalogNumber: DHJPAR0052467; recordedBy: D.H. Janzen & W. Hallwachs, Dunia Garcia; individualID: DHJPAR0052467; individualCount: 1; sex: M; lifeStage: adult; preparations: pinned; otherCatalogNumbers: ASHYM1821-13, 13-SRNP-35377; Taxon: scientificName: Itaplectopsaurifrons; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Diptera; family: Tachinidae; genus: Itaplectops; specificEpithet: aurifrons; scientificNameAuthorship: Fleming & Wood; Location: continent: Central America; country: Costa Rica; countryCode: CR; stateProvince: Guanacaste; county: Area de Conservacion Guanacaste; locality: Sector Cacao; verbatimLocality: Sendero Abajo; verbatimCoordinateSystem: Decimal; Identification: identifiedBy: AJ Fleming; dateIdentified: 2014; Event: samplingProtocol: reared from caterpillar of Acharia apicalis (Limacodidae); verbatimEventDate: Jul-15-2013; Record Level: language: en; institutionCode: CNC; collectionCode: Insects; basisOfRecord: Pinned Specimen Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://janzen.sas.upenn.edu; catalogNumber: DHJPAR0023103; recordedBy: D.H. Janzen & W. Hallwachs, Manuel Rios; individualID: DHJPAR0023103; individualCount: 1; sex: M; lifeStage: adult; preparations: pinned; otherCatalogNumbers: ASTAW264-08, 07-SRNP-34168; Taxon: scientificName: Itaplectopsaurifrons; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Diptera; family: Tachinidae; genus: Itaplectops; specificEpithet: aurifrons; scientificNameAuthorship: Fleming & Wood; Location: continent: Central America; country: Costa Rica; countryCode: CR; stateProvince: Guanacaste; county: Area de Conservacion Guanacaste; locality: Sector Pitilla; verbatimLocality: Amonias; verbatimElevation: 390; verbatimLatitude: 11.042; verbatimLongitude: -85.403; verbatimCoordinateSystem: Decimal; decimalLatitude: 11.042; decimalLongitude: -85.403; Identification: identifiedBy: AJ Fleming; dateIdentified: 2014; Event: samplingProtocol: reared from caterpillar of Parasa minima (Limacodidae); verbatimEventDate: Jan-18-2008; Record Level: language: en; institutionCode: CNC; collectionCode: Insects; basisOfRecord: Pinned Specimen
Description Male and female Length: male 4-5mm; female 4-5mm. Head (Fig. 6c): proclinate orbital bristles present in both males and females; first flagellomere entirely dark or brownish orange over at least 1/2 of its surface; arista dark brown over 1/2 of its length, bright orange basally, with gradual taper; first flagellomere reaching facial margin; ocellar bristles reduced, almost hair-like, as long or longer than length of pedicel, arising behind anterior ocellus; ocellar triangle covered in small proclinate hairs; frontal vitta approximately 2x as wide as fronto-orbital plate; facial ridge bearing at least 8 stout, decumbent bristles; fronto-orbital plate slightly gold tinged; parafacial entirely silver and bare; fronto-orbital plate of male with fine bristles confined to a row lateral to frontal bristles, these not extending past lowest frontal bristle; absent in females. Thorax (Fig. 6a): three postsutural supra-alar bristles, anteriormost greatly reduced to an almost hair-like structure; katepisternum with 2 bristles, anteriormost reduced in size, arising slightly behind suture; apical scutellar bristles long, up to 3/4 length of subapical scutellars; subapical scutellar bristles parallel or convergent (often crossed); scutellum with 1-2 pairs of widely separated discal bristles. Wings (Fig. 6a, b): smoky yellow. Legs (Fig. 6b): appearing dark overall, femur at least 1/2 yellow, tibia yellow, and tarsi yellow (although these may appear dark due to hirsuteness); dorso-ventral margin of hind tarsi with yellow tufts of bristles apically. Abdomen (Fig. 6a, b): T1+2 with mid-dorsal depression extending along 2/3 of its length, but not reaching tergal margin; median marginal bristles present on T4 and T5 but absent on T1+2 and T3. Reduced discal bristles present on T3, sometimes appearing like thicker abdominal hairs. Silver tomentosity on margins of abdominal segments T3 and T4 only visible under certain angles of light, this not extending beyond 1/3 of tergal surface. Male terminalia (Fig. 6d, e): cerci tightly juxtaposed when viewed dorsally; haired up to tapering point, then bare until the tip; slightly convex when viewed laterally; surstylus almost as long as the cercus, outwardly convex at its center so as to appear outwardly bowed with a slight inward bend apically, giving it a slightly hooked tip; densely bristled along its entire length; phallus 2x as long as cercus, with a downward bend.
Diagnosis Itaplectops aurifronscan be distinguished by the following combination of traits: proclinate orbital bristles present in males; fronto-orbital plate with gold sheen; first flagellomere black/brown over at least 1/2 its surface; three postsutural supra-alar bristles; median marginal bristles absent on T1+2 and T3 but present on T4 and T5; discal bristles present at least on T3 (in some cases these can appear reduced but still present); silver tomentosity present on margins of abdominal segments T3 and T4. It can be distinguished from its most similar congener, Itaplectops argentifrons, following couplet 7 in the key to Itaplectops(below).
Etymology From the Latin adjective, aurum, meaning "gold", and the Latin noun frons, meaning "forehead" (a common term in insect anatomy), in reference to the bright golden tomentosity on the fronto-orbital plate and parafacial.
Distribution Costa Rica, ACG, Prov. Alajuela and Guanacaste, rain forest and dry forest.
Ecology Hosts Reared from caterpillars of the Limacodidae, Vipsophobetron marisaDruce, 1900.
2006-03-04
reared from caterpillar of Dalcerides mesoa (Dalceridae)
CNC, Insects
D. H. Janzen & W. Hallwachs, Gloria Sihezar
Costa Rica
10.881
Sector San Cristobal
-85.389
0
4596
DHJPAR 0007133
1
Holotype
2008-01-13
reared from caterpillar of Rosema attenuata (Notodontidae)
CNC, Insects
D. H. Janzen & W. Hallwachs, Dunia Garcia
Costa Rica
10.891
Sector Cacao
-85.472
0
4596
DHJPAR 0023648
1
Paratype
1998-02-27
reared from caterpillar of Parasa sandrae (Limacodidae)
CNC, Insects
D. H. Janzen & W. Hallwachs, Gloria Sihezar
Costa Rica
10.879
Sector San Cristobal
-85.39
0
4596
DHJPAR 0019121
1
Paratype
2013-07-15
reared from caterpillar of Acharia apicalis (Limacodidae)
CNC, Insects
D. H. Janzen & W. Hallwachs, Dunia Garcia
Costa Rica
Sector Cacao
0
4596
DHJPAR 0052468
1
Paratype
1998-02-27
reared from caterpillar of Parasa sandrae (Limacodidae)
CNC, Insects
D. H. Janzen & W. Hallwachs, Gloria Sihezar
Costa Rica
10.879
Sector San Cristobal
-85.39
0
4596
DHJPAR 0019122
1
Paratype
1998-02-27
reared from caterpillar of Parasa sandrae (Limacodidae)
CNC, Insects
D. H. Janzen & W. Hallwachs, Gloria Sihezar
Costa Rica
10.879
Sector San Cristobal
-85.39
0
4596
DHJPAR 0019123
1
Paratype
1993-06-29
reared from caterpillar of Parasa wellesca (Limacodidae)
CNC, Insects
D. H. Janzen & W. Hallwachs, gusaneros
Costa Rica
10.858
Sector Santa Rosa
-85.611
0
4596
DHJPAR 0019120
1
Paratype
2006-09-29
reared from caterpillar of Vipsophobetronmarisa (Limacodidae)
CNC, Insects
D. H. Janzen & W. Hallwachs, Wilberth Araya Alegria
Costa Rica
10.989
Sector Pitilla
-85.423
0
4596
DHJPAR 0016104
1
Paratype
2014-03-14
reared from caterpillar of Euprosterna elaea (Limacodidae)
CNC, Insects
D. H. Janzen & W. Hallwachs, Ricardo Calero
Costa Rica
Sector Pitilla
0
4596
DHJPAR 0055013
1
Paratype
2004-07-10
reared from caterpillar of Acharia sarans (Limacodidae)
CNC, Insects
D. H. Janzen & W. Hallwachs, Harry Ramirez
Costa Rica
10.89
Sector Cacao
-85.48
0
4596
DHJPAR 0019124
1
Paratype
2013-07-15
reared from caterpillar of Acharia apicalis (Limacodidae)
CNC, Insects
D. H. Janzen & W. Hallwachs, Dunia Garcia
Costa Rica
Sector Cacao
0
4596
DHJPAR 0052467
1
Paratype
2008-01-18
reared from caterpillar of Parasa minima (Limacodidae)
CNC, Insects
D. H. Janzen & W. Hallwachs, Manuel Rios
Costa Rica
11.042
Sector Pitilla
-85.403
0
4596
DHJPAR 0023103
1
Paratype