Deretaphrus fossus Newman, 1842: 403 Erichson 1845: 288 Pascoe 1862: 460–464 Masters 1871: 79 Horn 1878: 581 Lea 1898: 549–550 Blackburn 1903: 120–123 Heinze 1943: 119 fossus : Lacordaire 1854: 377–378 Deretaphrus cordicollis Blackburn, 1903: 125 A Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Deretaphrus Newman, 1842 (Coleoptera: Cucujoidea: Bothrideridae) Lord, Nathan P. McHugh, Joseph V. The Coleopterists Bulletin 2013 mo 12 2013-12-20 67 1 107 Newman, 1842 Newman 1842 [240,592,1453,1474] Insecta Bothrideridae Deretaphrus Animalia Coleoptera 26 27 Arthropoda species fossus  ( Figs. 1–3, 18–28, 65, 98–99, 148, 175, 201–203)      Deretaphrus fossus Newman, 1842: 403.  Erichson 1845: 288; Wollaston and Newman 1855: ccvii–ccxii;  Pascoe 1862: 460–464;  Masters 1871: 79;  Horn 1878: 581;  Lea 1898: 549–550;  Blackburn 1903: 120–123, 125–128, 130; Carter and Zeck 1937: 199–201;  Heinze 1943: 119.   Derataphrus   fossus: Lacordaire 1854: 377–378. Misspelling, no status.     Deretaphrus cordicollis Blackburn, 1903: 125. Carter and Zeck 1937: 199–201. Synonymized by Carter and Zeck 1937: 200.   Diagnosis.This species can be readily distinguished from congeners by the strongly produced anterior pronotal angles, the sinuate lateral pronotal margin (when viewed from above), the distinctly interrupted pronotal median longitudinal canal, and elytral interstitial intervals 3, 5, and 7 carinate, with a portion of the sixth carinate for a short distance on apical half. It most closely resembles  D. aequalicepsand  D. ignarus.  Deretaphrus fossuscan be distinguished from  D. aequalicepsby the sixth elytral interstitial interval being slightly raised to carinate for a short distance, the posterior portion of the median longitudinal canal being bordered on either side posteriorly by a slightly raised area of the pronotal disc, the pronotum with distinctly sinuate lateral margins and more strongly pronounced and angulate anterior pronotal angles, and by the generally larger size. For comments on similarities and differences in relation to  D. ignarus, see the diagnosis under that species.   Redescription.Length 6.5–11.7 mm. Width 1.8–3.3 mm. Body elongate, parallel, dark red to black; dorsal surface glabrous, matte to slightly shiny; ventral surface moderately shiny, glabrous except for minute setae that arise from punctures. Head: In dorsal view, slightly narrowed anteriorly; without laterally expanded supra-ocular ridges; eyes visible from above; punctures small and dense except sparse along posterior margin. Frontoclypeal suture distinct, nearly straight. Anterior margin of clypeus broadly arcuate. Submentum shape as in Fig. 153; narrowly separated from subgenal braces, with large punctures, with paired, setose pits; anterior margin evenly arcuate, slightly inflexed, strongly produced anteroventrally over oral cavity, mentum concealed. Antennal groove well-developed, impunctate. Antenna sparsely setose, segments 3–7 with a single transverse row of short setae, setae about half as long as the segment from which they arise; setae on antennal club segments sparse, short, arising near apex of segments. Antennal club distinctly asymmetrical, leading edge of club segments much more inflated than trailing edge. Dorsal surface (external face) of mandible with median setose groove. Thorax( Fig. 65): Pronotum elongate, tapering to base, widest near anterior; dorsal surface evenly convex; anterior margin straight; anterior angles strongly produced, nearly right angles; base narrower than elytral bases; posterior margin weakly sinuate; posterior angles depressed, with small denticle; lateral margin sinuate, with incomplete carina, forming a distinct raised margin in dorsal view, terminating anteriorly before the true anterior margin of the pronotum. Pronotal disc with large, dense, punctures. Pronotal median longitudinal canal well-developed; interrupted; anterior portion of canal a round depression, heavily punctate internally; posterior portion of canal narrow, parallel-sided, deeply impressed, impunctate internally, slightly expanding right at base; internal lateral margins of posterior canal grooved. Pronotal disc on either side of posterior canal with slightly raised portion. Hypomeron more sparsely punctate than pronotal disc; lateral walls nearly vertical. Prosternum flat medially, strongly deflexed at lateral margin. Prosternum depressed immediately anterior to procoxae. Tergosternal suture more or less straight. Elytra( Figs. 98–99): Elytron evenly convex; interstitial intervals 3, 5, and 7 raised and shiny for entire length, becoming carinate near the apex; interval 6 raised for a short time near apical third, not reaching apex. Crest of raised intervals with punctures bearing minute setae. Basal elytral margin with intervals 3 and 5 each ending in a knob-like protuberance; fingerlike callosity on the elytral shoulder short and thick. Legs: Setation sparse; inner face of tibia with a prominent fringe of relatively short setae. Tarsus sparsely setose except for 2 pockets of dense setae on the ventral surface near apex of tarsomeres 1–3. Abdomen: Ventrite V simple. Aedeagus: Phallobase as in Fig. 148. Tegmen consisting of paired, subtriangular plates at middle; plates narrowly touching medially. Basal piece with short anterolateral struts; struts slightly curved anteriorly. Parameres moderately short, broadly rounded, distinctly separated and individually articulated to phallobase, internal lateral margins arcuate; paramere sparsely setose with short setae at apical margin; dorsal surface of paramere with short subtriangular process; process thickest at base, narrowing apically, slightly shorter than half the length of the paramere, apex slightly swollen; processes moderately separated, parallel medially. Penis similar to Fig. 169; short, moderately thick, more or less straight; apex narrowed and pointed; base slightly expanded, bearing short, paired anterior struts. Penis unicolored.  Variation.The size and color vary strongly within the species. The amount of sinuation of the lateral margins of the pronotum, the convexity of the pronotal disc, and the degree of carination of the elytral interstitial intervals (especially the sixth) is slightly variable. In some, the anterior portion of the median longitudinal canal is more weakly developed.   Distribution. Australia: Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, and Victoria( Fig. 175).   Biology.One specimen was taken at an outside light [ANIC 66NL]. Another specimen was taken at a mercuryvapor light in an open forest [QMBA 4NL]. Several specimens were taken under the bark of  Eucalyptus[ANIC 112NL, ANIC 249NL].  Taxonomic Notes.  Deretaphrus cordicolliswas synonymized under  D. fossusby Carter and Zeck (1937). Although the typespecimen of  D. fossusis apparently lost, there is little doubt as to the identity of this species. Therefore, we continue to recognize  D. cordicollisas a junior synonym of  D. fossus.   Remarks.N e i t h e r N e w m a n (1 8 4 2) n o r Blackburn (1903)mentioned the number of specimens examined of  D. fossusand  D. cordicollis, respectively. The type of  D. fossuswas not located. The suspected original pin and labels ( Fig. 201) were found among Newman’ s material in the BMNH, but no specimen was associated. The label data of the suspected original type is as follows: “ Deretaphrus fossus Newm 1842 Sigerpes piceus Germ 18483.223 [in Newman’ s hand] // Label in E. Newman’ s handwriting, but no specimen found [handwritten] det. R.G. Booth 2006”. In order to stabilize these names, a neotypeis here designatedfrom the material of  D. fossusand a lectotypeis here designatedfrom the syntypeseries of  D. cordicollis.There is a specimen of  D. cordicollis[SAMA, point-mounted, damaged] that bears the following label data: “Bous. [handwritten in red ink] // described as? cordicollis. [in Blackburn’ s hand] // co-type. [in Blackburn’ s hand] // Dividing Rge., V. Blackb’ s Coll. // I.8722 Deretaphrus cordicollis Bl VictoriaCotype [handwritten in black ink, “Cotype” written in red ink on right side of label] // S. Aust. Museum specimen [orange label]” [SAMA 272NL, examined]. Sex is not determined. Given the locality of the specimen and Blackburn labels, this is possibly the “much smaller specimen…” Blackburn “took near the summit of one of the higher Victorian mountains…” As Blackburn (1903)stated in his description of  D. cordicollis,“It is probably a valid species, but more specimens of both forms ought to be examined before this Victorian insect is described as distinct.” Because this specimen does not bear the markings on the card-mount typical of Blackburn syntypes, we do not consider this a syntypic specimen.     TypeLocality.  Deretaphrus fossus: Port Philip, South Australia;  Deretaphrus cordicollis: Tasmania.  Type Material Examined.  Deretaphrus fossus.  NEOTYPE( Figs. 202–203) ( SAMA, pointmounted) label data: “2619 [handwritten on blue label] // Tasmania A. Simson// S.A. Museumspecimen [red label]” [ SAMA 285 NL, examined]. Sex not determined. This type was removed from the original card-mount and pointmounted. The original card-mount is pinned beneath the specimen.   Deretaphrus cordicollis.  LECTOTYPE( Figs. 204– 205) ( ♂, BMNH, point-mounted) label data: “7202 T. Tas[in Blackburn’ s hand at base of card-mount; “7202” and “Tas” written in red ink, “T.” written in black ink] // Type H.T. [round label with red border] // Australia. [red underline] Blackburn Coll. B.M.1910-236. // Deretaphrus cordicollis, Blackb[in Blackburn’ s hand]” [ BMNH 97 NL, examined]. This type was removed from the original card-mount and point-mounted. The original card-mount, abdomen [glued to a card, bearing a ♂symbol], and genitalia [in glycerin in genitalia vial] are pinned beneath the specimen.  Additional Material Examined (171). AUSTRALIA:AUSTRALIAN CAPITAL TER- RITORY (A.C.T.): Canberra ( ANIC96 NL, ANIC295 NL); Canberra, Black Mountain ( ANIC238 NL). NEW SOUTH WALES: 30 mi.SW of Canberra ( SAMA184–186 NL); Armidale ( ANIC119 NL); Black Bobs Creek, 11 km. SW of MossVale ( ANIC112 NL, ANIC249 NL); Blue Mountains ( ANIC15 NL, ANIC154 NL); Bogolong ( AMSA46 NL, MAMU23 NL, MAMU35 NL); Copertree Valley ( AMSA71 NL); Dorrigo ( ANIC100 NL); Forest Reefs ( SAMA38–39 NL); Goulburn ( ANIC288 NL, SAMA244 NL); Greta ( ANIC296 NL); Hornsby ( AMSA18 NL, ANIC94 NL); Jenolan ( HNHM9 NL); Jindabyne ( AMSA76–77 NL); Lane Cove ( AMSA73 NL); Matheson ( UQIC20 NL); Mount Kosciuzko ( MCZ37 NL); Mount Lofty Range ( BMNH89 NL); Mount Tomah ( AMSA24 NL); Orange( ANIC284 NL); Pipers Flat ( MAMU24–25 NL); Ryde ( AMSA7–8 NL, ANIC109 NL, ANIC225 NL); Sydney ( ANIC101 NL, ANIC160 NL, BMNH85, BMNH91 NL, USNM63–64 NL); Sydney, Sandy Point ( ANIC271–272 NL); Tumut Pond ( BPBM27 NL); Tumut River ( AMNH22 NL, BPBM25–26 NL, BPBM28–29 NL, CASC130 NL); Wauchope ( QMBA45 NL); Wingello (Manor Park) ( HNHM5 NL); Yass, 16 km. NW ( ANIC237 NL); no locality ( MAMU3 NL, MAMU36 NL). QUEENSLAND: Cape York ( MNHUB41 NL, MNHUB49 NL); Goomburra, Upper Dalrymple Creek ( QMBA1 NL); Middle Ridge ( UQIC21 NL); Mount Nebo Road ( QMBA4 NL); Stanthorpe ( QMBA18–19 NL, QMBA23–24 NL, UQIC47 NL); Warwick, 1.6 km. W of Wildash ( SAMA169 NL); Wyberba ( ANIC48 NL). SOUTH AUSTRALIA: Adelaide ( BMNH1 NL); Kangaroo Island, Rocky River ( SAMA202 NL); Enfield suburb ( AMSA45 NL); Mount Lofty Ranges ( AMSA21–23 NL, SAMA63 NL, SAMA82–84 NL, SAMA255 NL). TASMANIA: Grantow ( HNHM12 NL); Hobart ( BMNH5–6 NL, BMNH8 NL, BMNH71–72 NL, BMNH74 NL, SAMA40–41 NL, SAMA183 NL, SAMA221 NL); Hobart, Sandy Bay( ANIC66 NL); Latrobe ( SAMA196 NL); Launceston ( AMSA26 NL); Mount  Wellington( ANIC92–93 NL, SAMA1 NL); New Norfolk( BMNH70 NL); no locality ( AMSA80–81 NL, BMNH7 NL, SAMA44 NL, SAMA200 NL, SAMA213 NL, SAMA287 NL). VICTORIA: Dadenong Ranges ( HNHM13 NL); Diamond Creek ( SAMA223 NL); Eltham ( MVMA33–35 NL); Gippsland ( MVMA27–28 NL); Glenfyne ( AAIC1–2 NL); Heywood, 18 km. NWN ( MVMA39 NL); Killara ( MVMA29 NL, MVMA36–37 NL); Lakes Entrance ( ANIC303 NL); Lilydale ( MVMA25 NL); Melbourne ( AMSA70 NL, HNHM2 NL, SAMA284 NL); North Melbourne ( MVMA38 NL); Port Phillip ( MNHUB2 NL); Stawell ( ANIC175 NL); Tyres River ( ANIC226 NL); Wallan ( MVMA41–42 NL); Warragul ( ANIC214 NL, ANIC228–229 NL); Warrandyte ( ANIC36 NL); Yarragon ( ANIC121–123 NL, ANIC222–224 NL); no locality ( ANIC151–152 NL, BMNH10 NL, MAMU1–2 NL, MNHUB7 NL, MNHUB9 NL, MNHUB10–12 NL, MNHUB48 NL, UQIC23 NL). STATE UNKNOWN: Broadwater ( QDPI16 NL); Inverell, 30 km. E ( QDPI18 NL); Portland ( MVMA30–32 NL); no locality ( AMSA27 NL, ANIC14 NL, CASC125–126 NL, MCZ31–32 NL, MNHUB47 NL, MVMA40 NL, OUMNH10– 13 NL, OUMNH22 NL, SAMA42 NL, BMNH99 NL). South Australia 27 28 1 South Australia holotype SAMA, NL A. Simson & S. A. Museum Tasmania 27 28 SAMA 285 1 Tasmania neotype BMNH, NL T. Tas Australia Australia 28 29 BMNH 97 2 2 lectotype