Araneus amblycyphus Araneus amblycyphus Kangaraneus, a new genus of orb-weaving spider from Australia (Araneae, Araneidae) Castanheira, Pedro de S. Framenau, Volker W. Zoosystematics and Evolution 2023 2023-05-31 99 2 307 323 1FA96010-688F-50A5-8709-35C725D7164F (Simon, 1908) Castanheira & Framenau 2023 Simon 1908 Arachnida Araneidae Kangaraneus CoL Animalia Kangaraneus amblycyphus Araneae 0 307 Arthropoda species amblycyphus comb. nov.   Figs 6A-E , 7A-D , 8A-E , 12   Araneus amblycyphus Simon 1908: 427.  Araneus amblycyphusSimon, 1908.- Rainbow 1911: 182; Bonnet 1955: 432.  Type specimens.  Lectotypeof  Araneus amblycyphusSimon, 1908 (designated here): 1 female Busselton ( 33°38'S, 115°20'E, Western Australia, AUSTRALIA) (MNHN 13309), examined. Paralectotype: 1 juvenile, same locality (ZMB 13485), examined.  Other material examined.   AUSTRALIA-  Australian Capital Territory• 1 female, Corin Dam,  57 kmW of Canberra, 35°34'S, 148°50'E(AM KS.32942);   New South Wales• 1 female, Brooklana, W of Dorrigo, 30°16'S, 152°51'E(AM KS.34050); •  1 male, Hornsby, Waitara Creek, 33°42'S, 151°05'E(AM KS.91125); •  1 female, same data (AM KS.91105); •  1 female, Howes Valley, 32°51'S, 150°51'E(AM KS.34043); •  1 male, Jamberoo Mountain, 34°40'S, 150°43'E(AM KS.54098); • 2 females, Scheyville, 33°36'S, 150°53'E(AM KS.98752); •  1 female, same data (AM KS.131276); • 1 female, Sydney, 33°53'S, 151°13'E(NHM 1890.7.1.4139; paralectotypeof  K. arenaceuscomb. nov.); •  1 female, 3 juveniles, Wilson River Flora Reserve, Bellangry State Forest, 31°18'S, 152°29'E(AM KS.9666);   Queensland• 1 female, Braemar State Forest, 27°13'S, 150°50'E(QM); •  1 male, same locality (QM); •  1 male, 6 juveniles, same locality (QM); • 1 female, 1 juvenile, Camira, 27°38'S, 152°55'E(QM S2462); •  5 females, same locality (QM); •  2 males, Malanda, SW, Lot2, Meragallan Road, 17°25'S, 145°32'E(AM KS.86086); •  1 male, same data (AM KS.131277); •  1 male, Mt Lewis, 16°35'S, 145°17'E(QM); • 1 male, Mulgowie, 27°43'S, 152°22'E(QM); •  1 female, Tweed River, 28°18'S, 153°27'E(AM KS.32649);   South Australia• 2 females, Dudley Conservation Park, Kangaroo Island, 35°48'S, 137°51'E, (SAM);   Victoria• 1 female, German Creek, near Bright, 36°43'S, 147°02'E(QM); •  2 females, Snobs Creek, 37°15'S, 145°52'E(MV K-9440).   Western Australia: • 2 males, 5 females, Stirling Range National Park, Moingup Spring, 34°24'S, 118°06'E(WAM T74424).  Diagnosis. Male  K. amblycyphuscomb. nov. can be distinguished from those of the very similar  K. arenaceuscomb. nov. by the double central protrusion on the median apophysis, the bubble-shaped terminal apophysis, and the shorter and thicker basal protrusion of the conductor with a lamellar apical protuberance (Figs 6A-E, 7A-D). Females of  K. amblycyphuscomb. nov. can be differentiated from those of other  Kangaraneusgen. nov. species by the epigyne scape not entirely covering the atrium (Fig. 8A, C).   Figure 6.  Kangaraneus amblycyphus(Simon, 1908) comb. nov., male (AM KS.131277). A.Dorsal habitus; B.Ventral habitus; C.Left pedipalp, ventral view; D.Left pedipalp, retrolateral view; E.Left pedipalp, dorsal view. Scale bars: 2 mm ( A, B); 0.2 mm ( C-E). Arrow points to the conductor basal protrusion.   Figure 7.  Kangaraneus amblycyphus(Simon, 1908) comb. nov., male expanded left pedipalp (AM KS.131277). A.Ventral view; B.Retrolateral view; C.Dorsal view; D.Apical view. Scale bars: 0.2 mm.   Figure 8.  Kangaraneus amblycyphus(Simon, 1908) comb. nov., female, (AM KS.131276). A.Dorsal habitus; B.Ventral habitus; C.Epigyne, ventral view; D.Epigyne, lateral view; E.Epigyne, posterior view. Scale bars: 2 mm ( A, B); 0.2 mm ( C-E).  Redescription.  Male(based on AM KS.131277). Total length 5.8. Carapace 2.6 long, 2.4 wide, light brown, anteriorly darker (Fig. 6A). Eye diameter AME 0.12, ALE 0.11, PME 0.15, PLE 0.13; row of eyes: AME 0.54, PME 0.46, PLE 1.0. Chelicerae light brown, basally mottled dark brown; with four promarginal teeth (second from base largest) and three retromarginal teeth of similar size. Legs light brown, mottled in dark brown mainly on femora (Fig. 6A, B). Leg length of segments (femur + patella + tibia + metatarsus + tarsus = total length): I - 2.9 + 1.4 + 2.9 + 2.2 + 1.2 = 10.6, II - 1.9 + 1.2 + 2.3 + 1.8 + 1.1 = 8.3, III - 1.0 + 0.9 + 1.2 + 1.0 + 0.8 = 4.9, IV - 1.6 + 1.1 + 1.5 + 1.4 + 0.8 = 6.4. Labium 0.30 long, 0.43 wide, yellowish brown; maxillae yellowish brown (Fig. 6B). Sternum 1.0 long, 0.9 wide, light brown with black radial shading (Fig. 6B). Abdomen 2.8 long, 2.8 wide, oval with inconspicuous shoulder humps; dorsum with beige background and large olive-grey, irregular folium bordered anteriorly and posteriorly by brown bands, laterally beige with dark streaks (Fig. 6A); venter olive-grey, laterally with two pale bands (Fig. 6B). Pedipalp (Figs 6C-E, 7A-D) length of segments (femur + patella + tibia + cymbium = total length): 0.7+ 0.2 + 0.3 + 1.1 = 2.3; paracymbium short, hook-like and slightly curved apically; median apophysis C-shaped, terminating in an acute tip, central protrusion accompanied by smaller bulge apically; radix comparatively slim; terminal apophysis elongate, slightly inflated and bubble-shaped, terminating in an acute spine-like tip; basal conductor lobe large; conductor prominent, bearing a strong protrusion tapering to a bifid tip; embolus short and elongate, heavily sclerotised with its tip curved apically.  Female(based on AM KS.131276): Total length 5.8. Carapace 2.7 long, 2.6 wide; dark brown, (Fig. 8A). Eye diameter AME 0.09, ALE 0.08, PME 0.10, PLE 0.07; row of eyes: AME 0.46, PME 0.41, PLE 1.15. Chelicerae dark brown, four promarginal teeth (second basal largest) and three retromarginal teeth of similar size. Legs brown with yellowish setae (Fig. 8A, B). Pedipalp length of segments (femur + patella + tibia + tarsus = total length): 0.9 + 0.5 + 0.7 + 0.8 = 2.9. Leg length of segments (femur + patella + tibia + metatarsus + tarsus = total length): I - 3.4 + 1.5 + 2.8 + 2.2 + 1.0 = 10.9, II - 3.4 + 1.4 + 2.7 + 2.2 + 1.1 = 10.8, III - 1.7 + 0.9 + 1.4 + 1.0 + 0.7 = 5.7, IV - 2.4 + 1.1 + 1.5 + 1.4 + 0.8 = 7.2. Labium 0.22 long, 0.49 wide, beige; maxillae beige (Fig. 8B). Sternum 1.3 long, 1.2 wide, dark brown, with yellow streaks (Fig. 8B). Abdomen 3.9 long, 5.4 wide; dorsum with two conspicuous shoulder humps, uniformly beige with indistinct darker line between humeral humps (Fig. 8A); venter dark olive grey (Fig. 8B). Epigyne base almost circular, slightly wider than long, with large and elevated borders (Fig. 8C); central division narrow (Fig. 8E); scape elongate, longer than the epigyne base, with broad wrinkled base (Fig. 8C, D); spermathecae oval, almost as long as half of the epigyne length, copulatory ducts C-shaped and heavily sclerotised, copulatory openings near the base of scape (Fig. 4C, D).  Variation. Males total length 3.2-5.8 (n = 4); females total length 3.5-6.0 (n = 7). There was little colour variation in male  K. amblycyphuscomb. nov. Some female specimens had a large white patch completely covering the ventral part of abdomen and/or a rounded white patch in the cardiac area, similar to males of  K. arenaceuscomb. nov. and  K. farhanisp. nov.  Remarks. There are only two syntypes for this species, one female deposited in Paris (MNHN 13309) and a juvenile deposited in Berlin (ZMB 13485), both from the type-locality of Busselton (Western Australia). We here designate the female as the lectotype of this species as the juvenile cannot be unequivocally identified and may be  K. arenaceuscomb. nov., which also occurs in Western Australia.  Life history and habitat preferences. Mature specimens of  K. amblycyphuscomb. nov. were mainly collected between September and December with few specimens collected in February and April; the species therefore appears to be spring to early summer mature. Habitat descriptions on the labels include "cypress and brigalow" and "  Callitrus"; the species was also found in a "wasp nest".  Distribution. The distribution of  K. amblycyphuscomb. nov. is very similar to that of  K. arenaceuscomb. nov. although it has been found much further north in Queensland. It occurs in all Australian states except Northern Territory and Tasmania (Fig. 12). 2023-01-01 2023-12-31 2023-01-01 AUSTRALIA -35.566666 Corin Dam 1192 148.83333 1 1 Australian Capital Territory 2023-01-01 2023-12-31 2023-01-01 Brooklana Australia -30.266666 W of Dorrigo 1222 152.85 1 1 New South Wales 2023-01-01 2023-12-31 2023-01-01 Hornsby Australia -33.7 Waitara Creek 1204 151.08333 1 1 New South Wales 2023-01-01 2023-12-31 2023-01-01 Hornsby Australia -33.7 Waitara Creek 1204 151.08333 1 1 New South Wales 2023-01-01 2023-12-31 2023-01-01 Australia -32.85 Howes Valley 1208 150.85 1 1 New South Wales 2023-01-01 2023-12-31 2023-01-01 Australia -34.666668 Jamberoo Mountain 1198 150.71666 1 1 New South Wales 2023-01-01 2023-12-31 2023-01-01 Australia -34.666668 Jamberoo Mountain 1198 150.71666 1 1 New South Wales 2023-01-01 2023-12-31 2023-01-01 Australia -31.3 Bellangry State Forest 1216 152.48334 Wilson River Flora Reserve 4 1 3 New South Wales 2023-01-01 2023-12-31 2023-01-01 Australia -27.216667 Braemar State Forest 1238 150.83333 1 1 Queensland 2023-01-01 2023-12-31 2023-01-01 Australia -27.216667 Braemar State Forest 1238 150.83333 1 1 Queensland 2023-01-01 2023-12-31 2023-01-01 Australia -27.216667 Braemar State Forest 1238 150.83333 7 6 1 Queensland 2023-01-01 2023-12-31 2023-01-01 Australia -27.216667 Braemar State Forest 1238 150.83333 5 5 Queensland 2023-01-01 2023-12-31 2023-01-01 Malanda, SW, Lot Australia -17.416666 Meragallan Road 1279 145.53334 2 2 Queensland 2023-01-01 2023-12-31 2023-01-01 Malanda, SW & Lot Australia -17.416666 Meragallan Road 1279 145.53334 1 1 Queensland 2023-01-01 2023-12-31 2023-01-01 Australia -16.583334 Mt Lewis 1282 145.28334 1 1 Queensland 2023-01-01 2023-12-31 2023-01-01 Australia -28.3 Tweed River 1232 153.45 1 1 Queensland 2023-01-01 2023-12-31 2023-01-01 Dudley Conservation Park Australia -35.8 Kangaroo Island 1191 137.85 2 2 South Australia 2023-01-01 2023-12-31 2023-01-01 Australia -36.716667 Bright 1185 147.03334 German Creek 1 1 Victoria 2023-01-01 2023-12-31 2023-01-01 Australia -37.25 Snobs Creek 1182 145.86667 2 2 Victoria T74424 2023-01-01 2023-12-31 2023-01-01 Australia -34.4 Moingup Spring 1199 118.1 Stirling Range National Park 7 5 2 Western Australia