New species of Loandalia (Polychaeta: Pilargidae) from Queensland, Australia Marks, Shona Hocknull, Scott Zootaxa 2006 1119 59 68 3VQTD [264,558,284,310] Polychaeta Pilargidae Loandalia CoL Animalia Phyllodocida 6 65 Annelida species gladstonensis sp. nov.  Etymology: Gladstone Harbour, typelocality.  TypeMaterial:  Holotype. QMC G222948,  Loandalia gladstonensis sp. nov.[Gladstone Harbour; station GH144, S23°57’976”, E151°20’908”; depth 0–5m]. Paratypes. QMC G222949, [Gladstone Harbour; station GH148, S23°50’894”, E151°13’811”; intertidal]. QMC G222950, [Gladstone Harbour; station GH038, S23°47’162”, E151°13’276”; intertidal]. QMC G222951, [Gladstone Harbour; station GH140, S23°51’170”, E151°18’892”; depth 0–5m]. QMC G222952, [Gladstone Harbour; station GH016, S23°44’431”, E151°08’132”; intertidal]. QMC G222953, [Gladstone Harbour, station GH014; S23°43’562”, E151°13’276”; depth 0–5m]. Habitat is intertidal or at depths of 0–5m, usually with sand or muddy substrates. Diagnosis: Bifid palpostyles; chaetigers 1–5 inflated; pharynx with distal ring of papillae (2 groups of 5); chaetiger 1 uniramous with remaining chaetigers biramous; single notochaeta present; straight emergent spine from chaetiger 7–8; ventral cirri present from chaetiger 5; 5–6 neurochaetae; posterior most segment possesses emergent notopodial spines and neuroacicula, with reduced parapodial lobes. Description: Pilargids of small size, length 30–62mm, with 79–114 chaetigers. Body of preserved individuals creamy/white to reddish/brown. Body slender with chaetiger 1–5 inflated; segmentation inconspicuous. Posterior segments slightly dorso­ventrally flattened. Prostomium discrete; palpophores divided; palpostyles papilla­like and bifid. Pharynx eversible with distal ring of 10 papillae, 5 dorsal and 5 ventral to pharyngeal slit; papillose band on pharynx, proximal to prostomium; pharyngeal slit vertical. Eye spots present, subdermal at chaetiger 1 ( Fig 3, a). First parapodium uniramous with remaining chaetigers biramous; first neuropodia positioned dorsally compared to remaining chaetigers. Notopodial lobes fully developed by chaetiger 4; a single notochaetae present from chaetiger 2; notopodial spines emerging at chaetiger 7–8, increasing in length in posterior most 10 segments. Neuropodial lobe larger than notopodia, reduced in chaetiger 1–2; neurochaetae capillaries with numerous whorled teeth; 5–6 neurochaetae present per parapodia; emergent acicular from chaetiger 2. Ventral cirri from chaetiger 5( Fig 3, b). Posterior most segment possesses emergent notopodial spines and neuroacicula, with considerably reduced parapodial lobes. Pygidium as an anal plate, dorsally concave with dorsal terminating anus, positioned at base of concave plate; 3 anal cirri present, papillaelike, 2 laterally and 1 mid ventrally positioned ( Fig 3, c&d). Remarks:   Loandalia gladstonensisdiffers from all species of  Loandalia(except  L. bennei, L.    evelinaeand  L. riojai) by possessing bifid palpostyles.  L. bennei, L. evelinaeand  L. riojaipossess bifid palpostyles.  L. gladstonensisfurther differs from  L. gracilisand  L. indicaby possessing uniramous parapodia.  L. gladstonensisdiffers from  L. riojai, L. indica, L. ocularis, L. fauveliand  L. americanaby possessing a higher number of pharyngeal papillae (10).  L. gladstonensisdiffers from  L. evelinae,  L. benneiand  L. riojaiby possessing a large rounded plate as the pygidium with papillae­like anal cirri.  L. gladstonensisdiffers from  L. evelinae,  L. ocularisand  L. vivianneaeby the presence of emergent spines and neuroacicula on the last segment.  L. gladstonensisdiffers from  L. aberransby lacking dorsal cirri.  L. salazarvallejoiand  L. fredrayorumdiffer from  L. gladstonensisby possessing emergent notopodial spines starting at chaetiger 9 and 10 respectively; higher neurochaetae counts, 10–12 and 20–24respectively.  L. gladstonensisdiffers from  L. maculataand  L. tricuspisby possessing ventral cirri starting at chaetiger 5, versus chaetiger 4 in  L. tricuspisand chaetiger 6 in  L. maculata.Distinguishing features summarised in table 1.