New cocalodine jumping spiders from Papua New Guinea (Araneae: Salticidae: Cocalodinae)
Maddison, Wayne P.
Zootaxa
2009
2021
1
22
[287,442,1536,1562]
Arachnida
Salticidae
Animalia
Araneae
1
2
Arthropoda
subFamily
Cocalodinae
Wanless (1985)later preferred the hypothesis that Holcolaetisand Sonoitaformed a clade with the spartaeines to the exclusion of Cocalodes. The placement of Cocalodesis therefore unresolved. Wunderlich (2004)synonymized the Spartaeinaewith the Cocalodinae, choosing Simon's family-group name Cocalodeae because of priority over Wanless's name Spartaeinae. I reject this synonymy primarily because Cocalodescan be excluded from the Spartaeinaein Wanless's strict sense (1984) because it lacks two spartaeine synapomorphies, a tegular furrow and loss of the median apophysis. Even if these cocalodines and the spartaeines were found to be sister groups, we could still retain them as separate, as I do here. Wunderlich's broad sense of Cocalodinae, which includes the Baltic Amber salticids, is united as far as we know only by plesiomorphic character states (presence of conductor and median apophysis, many retromarginal cheliceral teeth, large posterior median eyes). Here I take a much more restricted concept of the Cocalodinae, to include only the five genera discussed below. The Baltic Amber salticids, other than the hisponines, are therefore Salticidae incertae sedis. I will not here attempt to resolve the placement of cocalodines in the phylogeny of the Salticidae, as I have found no morphological synapomorphies that link it with particular subgroups of salticids. Some of the cocalodines I describe here resemble spartaeines closely in habitus, but this observation is insufficiently precise to provide evidence for relationship. However, the three new genera described here are provisionally placed within the Cocalodinaealong with Cocalodesand Allococalodes. This group has one proposed synapomorphy, the internal sclerotized spheres of the epigynum first reported by Wanless in Cocalodes. These are, however, also present in at least a few salticoids (see e.g., Galiano 1963, 1970: Tullgrenella morenensis(Tullgren)and Chira gounellei(Simon)). These spheres are visible clearly in the new species Yamangalea frewana, Tabuina varirata, Tabuina baiteta, Tabuina rufa, and Cucudeta zabkai( Figs 30, 43, 50, 61, 78; see arrow in Fig. 43), but were not seen in C. uzetand C. gahavisuka( Figs 82, 86) and are ambiguous in Allococalodes madidus( Fig. 19). Additional evidence for the monophyly of the cocalodines comes from preliminary data from the 28S gene, by which Cocalodes, Allococalodesand the three genera described here are resolved as a monophyletic group (Maddison & Zhang unpublished).