New taxa and revisionary systematics of alcyonacean octocorals from the Pacific coast of North America (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) Williams, Gary C. ZooKeys 2013 283 15 42 5YJ4R http://species-id.net/wiki/Chromoplexaura_marki Kuekenthal, 1913 Kuekenthal 1913 Anthozoa Plexauridae Chromoplexaura CoL Animalia Chromoplexaura marki Alcyonacea 16 31 Cnidaria species marki  Synonymy.  Euplexaura marki  Kuekenthal1913: 266;  Kuekenthal1924: 93-94; Ofwegen 2012a.  Material examined. CAS 096746, California, Monterey Carmel Bay off San Jose Creek Beach (Monastery Beach), 38 m depth, 20 May 1962, coll. Dennis Sullivan, five wholecolonies. CAS 173222, California, Monterey Bay, Carmel Bay (Monterey Bay Marine Sanctuary), 32 m depth, 22 September 2010, coll. Karen Grimmer, two whole colonies. CAS 168895, California, (Gulf of the Farallones National Marine Sanctuary, Rittenburg Bank), 85 m depth, 8 October 2012, coll. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, one whole colony.  Description. Colonial morphology (Figures 12-13): The predominantly proteinaceous central axis has a hollow core. The main stem above the holdfast varies from 50-120 mm in length. The ultimate branches measure 10-115 mm in length by 2.5 -4.0 mm wide. The distal extremities are acute to rounded and often slightly swollen compared to the uniform width of the rest of the branches. Polyps (Figures 12-13). Most of the polyps are fully retractile and form low rounded to hemispherical protuberances that are distributed on all sides of the branches. Some polyps are partially exserted and are <1.0 mm in width. Autozooid walls with eightlongitudinal rows of densely-set, more-or-less en chevron sclerites that give rise to narrow points in the middle of each tentacle. Sclerites (Figures 14-17). The coenenchymal sclerites are radiates, robust spindles, and ovoid forms with highly variable tuberculation, 0.06-0.24 mm in length (Figures 14, 15, 17 A-E, G-J). Some are robust and subspherical to ellipsoid with numerous and less well-pronounced tubercles. The sclerites of the polyp wall and points are heavily tuberculated spindles and rods, 0.04 mm-0.09 mm in length (Figures 16; 17F, K, L, M). Color (Figures 12-13). The color of the colonies is similar in life or preserved, the coenenchyme is uniformly- colored orange-red to vivid red, while the exsert polyps are white(Figure 11E). The coenenchymal sclerites are red-orange, while the polyp wall and points sclerites are colorless. Distribution (Figure 19): Central Oregon to southern California; 9 to at least 90 m depth. Biology and associated species. Several of the colonies in lot 096746, have enlargements on the branches that resemble gall-like growths, which contain epizoic barnacles of the genus Conopea(pers. comm., R. Van Syoc, California Academy of Sciences).  Figure 19. Map of the North American Pacific coast showing collecting localities for Cryptophyton jedsmithisp. n. (*), Cryptophyton goddardi(●), Chromoplexaura marki(▲), and Gersemia lambisp. n. (■). Arrows designate type localities.