Scarabaeus bellicosus Olivier, 1789: 109
Phanaeus sylvanus Castelnau, 1840: 80
Nevinson 1892: 2
Megaphanaeus bellicosus (Olivier)
Blackwelder 1944: 209
Coprophanaeus bellicosus (Olivier)
Edmonds 1972: 841
S. bellicosus
P. sylvanus
A taxonomic review of the neotropical genus Coprophanaeus Olsoufieff, 1924 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Scarabaeinae)
Edmonds, W. D.
Zidek, J.
Insecta Mundi
2010
2010-07-02
2010
129
1
111
5ZYH6
(Olivier, 1789)
Olivier
1789
[192,968,1634,1659]
Insecta
Scarabaeidae
Coprophanaeus
Animalia
Coleoptera
17
14
Arthropoda
species
bellicosus
Megaphanaeus
Fig. 16, 27-34
Scarabaeus bellicosus Olivier, 1789: 109 Phanaeus sylvanus Castelnau, 1840: 80(syn. by Nevinson 1892: 2) Megaphanaeus bellicosus(Olivier)(recomb. by Blackwelder 1944: 209) Coprophanaeus bellicosus(Olivier)(recomb. by Edmonds 1972: 841) Type. S. bellicosus– holotypemale, Hunterian Museum, Universityof Glasgow(examined by photo); P. sylvanus–unknown to us.
Diagnosis. General– Pronotum ( Fig. 30-31) punctate posteromedially, not granulate. Posterolateral pronotal ridge long, extending to lateral pronotal fossa ( Fig. 32, arrow). Metasternal shield largely smooth (as in Fig.18); anterior portion of metasternum smooth. Elytral striae ( Fig. 16) narrow, sides carinulate, straight, converging apically; interstriae 1-4 smooth, 5-7 finely rugose. Dorsal color black or dark brown, sometimes dark blue or bluish violet. Length 28-38 mm. Male( Fig. 31-33) – Pronotal concavity broad, shallow, lacking lateral protuberances. Dorsal prominence with narrow, median, scoop-shaped element. Apical process of parameres rounded in profile. Female( Fig. 29-30) – Cephalic process tridentate, middle tubercle much larger than laterals. Pronotal prominence a transverse, weakly bitumid, narrow process near posterior margin; pronotal concavity very broad, shallow, similar to that of male. Protarsi present. Specimens examined– 150.
Distribution.Atlantic coast forests of Brazil(Paranaian subregion) ( Fig. 28). Collection Records. BRAZIL: Bahia– Entre Rios( Jan); Encruzilhada( Dec). Espiritu Santo– Sooretama( Jun, Nov); Tijuco Prêto( Dec); Fazenda Lagoa do Macuco[Municipio Linhares], 19 o03’50”S 39 o58’43”W( Jan); Timbuhy. Minas Gerais– Viçosa [Mata do Paraiso], 20 o48’18”S 42 o51’20”W, 750 m( Feb, Nov). Rio Grande do Sul– São Alberto( Jan). Rio de Janeiro– Nova Friburgo( Jan, Oct); 17 kmE Nova Friburgo, 22 o23’04”S 42 o33’30”W, 750 m( Jan). Santa Catarina– Joinville( Nov-Dec); Tijuca Forest( Jan). São Paulo– São João dos Campos( Feb); NovaCantareira ( Apr); 50 kmSE Mogi das Cruzes[ Serra do Mar Biological Station“ Boraceia”], 800-900 m( Apr); Tremembé( Dec).
Comments. Arnaud (2002c)transferred this species to the subgenus Coprophanaeus s. str.stating only that, while it was isolated from other members of that subgenus, it could not “… en aucune manière, si ce n’est sa taille, être associé au groupe lancifer.” We disagree and maintain its placement in Megaphanaeusbecause of the suite of characters it shares with C. lancifer, C. ensiferand C. bonariensis(see key to subgenera). But we do agree that it is a taxonomic isolate within the subgenus with, in our view, a closer affinity with the saphirinus group of Metallophanaeusthan with any constituent of Coprophanaeus s. str.In this context, the affinity is suggested by secondary sexual characteristics of both sexes and the texture of the elytra. Interestingly, Nevinson (1892)in his “Suggested order of the species, and the groups into which they more-or-less naturally fall,” proposed C. bellicosusas an isolated annectant between the lancifer and saphirinus groups. To Martínez (1944)the females of C. bellicosus“ … se asemejan a ciertos [ two malesymbols] del subgenero Coprophanaeusdel grupo jasius.” Coprophanaeus bellicosusis a denizen of the Atlantic coast forests of Brazil, and its range, along with that of C. cerberus, has undoubtedly contracted in recent decades because of widespread agriculturization and urbanization of Brazil’s eastern seaboard.
[192,1405,1749,1773]
University
Hunterian Museum
18
15
1
Glasgow City
holotype
[476,934,579,603]
Entre Rios & Jan
Brazil
Bahia
19
16
1
Bahia
[949,1195,579,603]
Dec
Brazil
Encruzilhada
19
16
1
Bahia
Sooretama & Jun & Nov
Brazil
Espiritu Santo
19
16
1
Espiritu Santo
[474,696,611,635]
Dec
Brazil
Tijuco Preto
19
16
1
Espiritu Santo
Jan
Brazil
-19.063889
Fazenda Lagoa do Macuco
21
-39.97861
19
16
1
Espiritu Santo
Feb & Nov & Sao Alberto & Jan & Oct
Brazil
750
-20.804998
Nova Friburgo
21
-42.855553
19
16
1
Minas Gerais
Jan & Joinville & Nov-Dec
Brazil
750
-22.384445
17 km E Nova Friburgo
21
-42.558334
19
16
1
Santa Catarina
Sao Joao dos Campos & Feb
Brazil
Jan
Tijuca Forest
19
16
1
Sao Paulo
[841,1114,739,763]
Apr
Brazil
Nova
19
16
1
Espiritu Santo
das Cruzes & Boraceia & Apr
Brazil
850
Serra do Mar Biological Station
19
16
1
Espiritu Santo
[943,1146,771,795]
Dec
Brazil
Tremembe
19
16
1
Espiritu Santo