Census of Cnidaria (Medusozoa) and Ctenophora from South American marine waters OLIVEIRA, OTTO M. P. MIRANDA, THAÍS P. ARAUJO, ENILMA M. AYÓN, PATRICIA CEDEÑO-POSSO, CRISTINA M. CEPEDA-MERCADO, AMANCAY A. CÓRDOVA, PABLO CUNHA, AMANDA F. GENZANO, GABRIEL N. HADDAD, MARIA ANGÉLICA MIANZAN, HERMES W. MIGOTTO, ALVARO E. MIRANDA, LUCÍLIA S. MORANDINI, ANDRÉ C. NAGATA, RENATO M. NASCIMENTO, KARINE B. JÚNIOR, MIODELI NOGUEIRA PALMA, SERGIO QUIÑONES, JAVIER RODRIGUEZ, CAROLINA S. SCARABINO, FABRIZIO SCHIARITI, AGUSTÍN STAMPAR, SÉRGIO N. TRONOLONE, VALQUÍRIA B. MARQUES, ANTONIO C. Zootaxa 2016 2016-11-18 4194 1 1 256 84KWT [277,461,152,178] Scyphozoa Ulmaridae Animalia Semaeostomeae 209 210 Cnidaria family  Synonyms in the area:  Aurelia aurita—Pantin & Dias 1952; Vannucci 1957a; Goy 1979; Mianzan & Cornelius 1999; Neumann-Leitão et al. 2008. Remarks: historically there were at least 13 species and varieties of the genus  Aurelia(Mayer 1910a). However, none was described for the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans surrounding the SouthAmerica (Kramp 1961). Traditionally specimens from the Pacific and Atlantic coasts were named “  Aurelia aurita” by different authors. Recent molecular studies suggested distinction between specimens from different parts of the world (Dawson & Jacobs 2001; Schroth et al.2002), which were morphologically confirmed for some species (Dawson 2003). Until further morphological and molecular studies are conducted with specimens from SouthAmerica, we provisionally leave the species as undetermined. Valid species with metagenetic life cycle are  Aurelia aurita,  Aurelia labiataand  Aurelia limbata(see Tronolone et al.2002). Distribution in SouthAmerica: polyp—Pacific Ocean, Chilean Fjords (Häussermann et al. 2009); medusa—Pacific Ocean, Peru, at 5.33°S 81.27°Woff Sechura Bay (Luis Caccha pers. comm.), Chile, from 53ºS to 55.83ºSn the Patagonian interior waters (Pagès & Orejas 1999; Häussermann et al. 2009; Palma et al. 2014b); Atlantic Ocean, Colombia, at 10.41ºN 75.6ºWin Cartagena Bay (Moncaleano & Niño 1976), Brazilto Argentina, from 0 4ºSto 40.5ºS(Mianzan & Cornelius 1999; Morandini et al.2005a; Neumann-Leitão et al. 2008; Silveira & Morandini 2011). Habitat: epipelagic, mostly neritic (Kramp 1961).