The millipede genus Tasmaniosoma Verhoeff, 1936 (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Dalodesmidae) from Tasmania, Australia, with descriptions of 18 new species Mesibov, Robert ZooKeys 2010 2010-03-26 41 4 31 80 54YKR Mesibov, 2010 Mesibov 2010 [140,430,518,545] Diplopoda Dalodesmidae Tasmaniosoma Animalia Polydesmida 40 71 Arthropoda species orientale sp. nov.  Fig. 21; map Fig. 26      Holotype. Male, Australia, Tasmania, Elephant Pass, 41°38'26"S 148°14'32"E( FP034892) ±  25 m, 340 m,  20 August 2009, R. Mesibov, QVM 23:51551.     Paratypes. 1 male, Tinmine Creek, Tas, 41°41'55"S 148°11'41"E( EP993828) ±  250 m, 530 m,  11 June 1988, R. Mesibov, QVM 23:45991;  1 male, same details but 41°42'08"S 148°12'38"E( FP006824) ±  250 m, 450 m,  22 June 1988, QVM 23:46000;  1 female, same details, QVM 23:46001;  1 female, same details but 41°41'33"S 148°10'36"E( EP978835) ±  250 m, 550 m,  29 June 1988, QVM 23:46008;  1 male, same details but 41°41'59"S 148°11'15"E( EP987827) ±  250 m, 500 m,  30 June 1988, QVM 23:51550.   Othermaterial examined. 37 malesand 38 femalesfrom 43 other sites (see Appendix).    Diagnosis.Metatergites without tubercles; ring 6 sternite with discrete setal brushes on anterior margin; gonopod telopodite with stout, rod-like setae in longitudinal tract on posteromedial surface and solenomere divided into apically bifid distal branch and distally curved, acuminate basal branch.    Description.Male/female approximate measurements: length 16/ 16 mm, ring 12 paranota width 1.8/ 1.8 mm. Male as for  T. armatumin live colour and most non-gonopod details, but long-preserved specimens completely decoloured, overall widths tergite 6>5>4>3>(2,head)>collum, ring 12 paranota 1.4 × as wide as prozonite. Ring 6 sternite as for  T. armatum, but with very short, thin sternal tab by leg 6, not bearing setae. Gonopod telopodite (Fig. 21) similar to that of  T. armatum(see Fig. 7A), but process 1 simply acute (but see Remarks) rather than Y-shaped; process 2 undivided, curving medially, apically expanded and flattened with dentate margin; distal margin of laminate process not extended posteriorly, instead curving smoothly to posterior extension, the latter shorter and straighter than in  T. armatum; solenomere divided into distal branch with bifid tip carrying prostatic groove, and basal branch directed posteriorly but curving distally, with pointed tip; process 3 an anteroposteriorly flattened, quadrate tab, the margin free distally apart from central attachment; process 4 as in  T. armatum; laterally with group of 5–6 setae, rather than three. Female with posterior margin of epigynum raised in centre as irregularly edged triangle.   Figure 2|.  Tasmaniosoma orientale sp. n. APosterolateral view of gonopods in situ, voucher male ex QVM 23:46018 Bmedial and Cposterolateral views of left gonopod telopodite of paratypemale ex QVM 23:51550. Setation not shown in Aand C; dashed line marks course of prostatic groove. Processes labelled as in Fig. 7A. Scale bars = 0.2 mm.    Distribution.Common and sometimes locally abundant in dry and wet eucalypt forest over ca 1500 km  2inthe northern part of the east coast and Eastern Tiers of Tasmania, from near sea level to at least 1000 melevation ( Fig. 26). Not yet found north of Beaumaris or south of Bicheno on the coast, or west of St Pauls Dome in the Fingal Valley. Sympatric with  T. barbatulum sp. n.and  T. fragile sp. n.; co-occurs with the latter.  T. orientalemay be parapatric with  T. armatumin the west and south of its range, and with  T. cacofonix sp. n.in the north; further sampling is needed to better define the range boundaries of these three species.    Etymology.Latin orientalis, “eastern”, for the eastern Tasmanian distribution of this species.    Remarks.The lateral process on the gonopod telopodite (process 1) is simply acute in the holotypeand the specimen illustrated in Figs 21B and 21C. In some East Coastmales the process is apically forked, as in the right telopodite in Fig. 21A. In the west of the  T. orientalerange, the lateral process is wider and Y-shaped, as in  T. armatum. Female  T. orientaleare readily distinguished from those of sympatric, similarly sized  T. fragile sp. n.by the presence of large tubercles on  T. fragiletergites. 2608941455 2009-08-20 FP, R Australia 0 -41.640556 Elephant Pass 19 148.24223 Male 40 71 QVM 23 1 Tasmania holotype 2608941432 1988-06-11 EP, R Mesibov 0 -41.698612 Tinmine Creek 19 148.19472 Tas 40 71 QVM 23 1 1 paratype 2608941452 1988-06-22 FP 0 -41.702225 19 148.21056 40 71 QVM 23 1 1 paratype 2608941404 QVM 40 71 QVM 23 1 1 paratype 2608941430 1988-06-29 EP 0 -41.6925 19 148.17667 40 71 QVM 23 1 1 paratype 2608941412 1988-06-30 EP 0 -41.699722 19 148.1875 40 71 QVM 23 1 1 paratype