Complex diversity in a mainly tropical group of ant parasitoids: Revision of the Orasema stramineipes species group (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Eucharitidae) Burks, Roger A. Heraty, John M. Dominguez, Chrysalyn Mottern, Jason L. Zootaxa 2018 2018-03-26 4401 1 1 107 6SRCG [412,681,392,418] Insecta Eucharitidae Orasema GBIF Animalia Hymenoptera 14 15 Arthropoda species stramineipes    1 Eye with setae that are visible at 50× magnification ( Fig. 246)...............................  Orasema woolleyi  n. sp.  - Eye setae not visible at 50× magnification ( Figs 22, 62)....................................................... 2   2 (1) Mesosoma purple to bluish-purple, without any greenish coloration ( Figs 106, 108), andhead and mesosoma with moderately long setae ( Fig. 109)...................................................................  Orasema kulli  n. sp.  - Mesosoma at least partially greenish to blue-green or bronze, in combination with other colors; head and mesosoma with short setae ( Figs 81, 188, 190–192)............................................................................ 3   3 (2) Mesoscutal midlobe strongly and finely reticulate, with no areolate sculpture ( Figs 166, 256)......................... 4  - Mesoscutal midlobe with distinctive areolate sculpture, sometimes without any reticulate sculpture ( Fig. 14), but often with both types occurring together ( Fig. 81).................................................................... 8   4 (3) Axillula with complete subparallel longitudinal carinae ( Fig. 193)........................  Orasema rapo(Walker)(part)  - Axillula areolate or reticulate, without complete subparallel longitudinal carinae ( Figs 35, 167, 239, 257)................ 5   5 (4) F2 small, shorter than F3 and shorter than pedicel ( Fig. 165)....................................  Orasema pisi  n. sp.  - F2 not small, longer than F3 and longer than pedicel ( Figs 33, 237, 247).......................................... 6   6 (5) Mesoscutal sidelobe areolate-reticulate ( Fig. 34). Hind femur always yellow ( Fig. 31).........  Orasema chunpi  n. sp.(part)  - Mesoscutal sidelobe finely reticulate, without areolate sculpture ( Figs 238, 256). Hind femur usually with at least a small amount of dark coloration ( Figs 235, 253).................................................................. 7   7 (6) Clypeus smooth ( Fig. 236). Mesosoma dark green ( Fig. 238)............................  Orasema torrensi  n. sp.(part)  - Clypeus partially reticulate ( Fig. 254). Mesosoma brightly colored, mostly bright green but with red, blue and yellow areas ( Fig. 256).....................................................................  Orasema worcesteri(Girault)   8 (3) Mesoscutellum dorsally with longitudinal carinae ( Figs 20, 126, 127, 182, 183).................................... 9  - Mesoscutellum without longitudinal carinae ( Figs 14, 211) or only with carinae laterally on axillula ( Fig. 193)........... 11   9 (8) Mesoscutal sidelobe almost entirely smooth ( Figs 20, 182).................................................... 10  - Mesoscutal sidelobe with transverse carinae ( Fig.126)........................................  Orasema llika  n. sp.   10 (9) Mesoscutal midlobe with transverse carinae ( Fig. 20)....................................  Orasema cameroniHoward  - Mesoscutal midlobe areolate, without distinctive transverse carinae ( Fig. 182)....................  Orasema qincha  n. sp.   11 (8) Face smooth in ventral half lateral to clypeus, with wrinkle-like sculpture dorsally (lateral and dorsal to antennal scrobe, Fig. 132)................................................................................  Orasema mati  n. sp.  - Face reticulate over most or all of its surface ( Figs 140, 208).................................................. 12   12 (11) Mesoscutal sidelobe with transverse carinae ( Fig. 24)........................................  Orasema carchi  n. sp.  - Mesoscutal sidelobe without transverse carinae ( Figs 142, 210)................................................ 13   13 (12) Hind femur with some dark brown coloration ( Fig. 235) andclypeus smooth ( Fig. 236)............  Orasema torrensi  n. sp.  - Hind femur entirely yellow ( Fig. 207) or, if partially brown, then clypeus reticulate ( Fig. 79)......................... 14   14 (13) Mesoscutal midlobe posteriorly almost entirely reticulate or areolate-reticulate ( Figs 142, 190–192, 210)............... 15  - Mesoscutal midlobe posteriorly almost entirely areolate, lacking reticulate sculpture over most of its surface ( Figs 14, 202, 228)............................................................................................... 27   15 (14) Axillula with complete longitudinal carinae ( Fig. 144)....................................................... 16  - Axillula areolate, carinae diagonal or incomplete ( Fig. 219)................................................... 21   16 (15) Mesoscutal midlobe covered mostly by a large dark reddish to black area, present posteriorly and medially ( Fig. 56). Mesoscutellum without large purple lateral areas ( Fig. 56)................................  Orasema cozamalotl  n. sp.  - Mesoscutal midlobe mostly blue or green ( Figs 190, 192), or mesoscutellum with large purple lateral areas ( Fig. 191)..... 1 7   17 (16) Clypeus reticulate ( Fig. 79).................................................  Orasema freychei(Gemignani)(part)  - Clypeus smooth or nearly so ( Figs 42, 70, 140)............................................................. 18   18 (17) Mesoscutal sidelobe with smooth area posteriorly, otherwise with weaker reticulate areas than midlobe ( Fig. 142). Antenna with dark multiporous plate sensilla that contrast with the pale flagellomeres ( Fig. 141).................................................................................................  Orasema minutissimaHoward(small form)  - Mesoscutum uniformly reticulate, with sidelobe similar to midlobe. Antenna with multiporous plate sensilla similar to color of flagellomeres ( Figs 43, 70, 189)......................................................................... 19   19 (18) Mesoscutellum areolate ( Figs 190–192)..................................................  Orasema rapo(Walker)  - Mesoscutellum areolate-reticulate or reticulate ( Figs 45, 72)................................................... 20   20 (19) Axillula with reticulate sculpture in addition to the parallel carinae ( Figs 47, 48)..  Orasema costaricensisWheeler & Wheeler  - Axillula smooth between the parallel carinae ( Fig. 73).......................................  Orasema evansi  n. sp.   21 (15) Head dorsally with coarse areolate sculpture ( Fig. 216).........................................  Orasema taku  n. sp.  - Head dorsally reticulate, with very weak or no areolate sculpture ( Figs 32, 79).................................... 22   22 (21) Clypeus reticulate ( Fig. 79)............................................................  Orasema freychei(part)  - Clypeus smooth or nearly so ( Figs 32, 208)................................................................ 23   23 (22) Fore femur yellow ( Fig. 171)........................................................................... 24  - Fore femur partially brown ( Fig. 31)..................................................................... 25   24 (23) Axillula entirely areolate ( Fig. 175). Mesoscutal sidelobes protruding, abrupt anteriorly ( Fig. 174).....  Orasema qillu  n. sp.  - Axillula with a reticulate area ( Fig. 211). Mesoscutal sidelobes gradually curved anteriorly ( Fig. 210)..........................................................................................  Orasema stramineipesCameron(part)   25 (24) Fore femur almost entirely dark brown ( Fig. 31)............................................  Orasema chunpi  n. sp.  - Fore femur with apical quarter yellow ( Fig. 261)........................................................... 26   26 (25) Flagellum pale ( Fig. 149). Mesoscutellum with a few larger posterior areoles that have reticulate sculpture inside them ( Fig. 150)...............................................................................  Orasema nyamo  n. sp.  - Flagellum dark ( Fig. 263). Mesoscutellum with a single large smooth posterior areole ( Fig. 264).......  Orasema yaax  n. sp.   27 (14) Mesoscutal midlobe with anterior red (or more rarely, yellowish) areas (sometimes as extensions from a more posterior area as in Fig. 210), also with smaller red areas on the axilla or mesoscutellum ( Figs 100, 158, 202, 210)..................... 28  - Mesoscutal midlobe, axilla, and mesoscutellum without red or yellow area ( Figs 92, 118, 228)....................... 32   28 (27) Fore femur yellow ( Figs 97, 207)........................................................................ 29  - Fore femur brownish ( Figs 155, 199)..................................................................... 30   29 (28) Axillula entirely areolate ( Fig. 101). Petiole in females extending far beyond hind coxal apex ( Figs 97, 104)..................................................................................................  Orasema kaspi  n. sp.  - Axillula partially reticulate ( Fig. 211). Petiole in females not or hardly extending beyond hind coxal apex ( Figs 207, 214).................................................................................  Orasema stramineipes(part)   30 (28) Funiculars pale brown ( Fig. 201).........................................................  Orasema rikra  n. sp.  - Funiculars dark brown ( Fig. 157)........................................................................ 31   31 (30) Axillula with distinct longitudinal and oblique carinae anteriorly ( Fig. 15). Stigmal vein narrow, nearly at a right angle with wing margin ( Fig. 16)..............................................................  Orasema arimbome  n. sp.  - Axillula without distinct longitudinal carinae anteriorly, instead simply areolate ( Fig. 158). Stigmal vein more capitate, at an acute angle with wing margin ( Fig. 160)...................................................  Orasema pirca  n. sp.   32 (27) Mesoscutellar disc long and narrow, at least 1.2× as long as broad ( Fig. 92).....................  Orasema hyarimai  n. sp.  - Mesoscutellar disc broader, not more than 1.1× as long as broad ( Figs 118, 228)................................... 33   33 (32) Mesoscutellar disc areolate-reticulate ( Fig. 228). Pedicel and flagellum yellow to yellowish-brown in females ( Fig. 227)..........................................................................................  Orasema tapi  n. sp.  - Mesoscutellar disc areolate ( Fig. 118). Pedicel and flagellum dark brown in females ( Fig. 117)......  Orasema llanthu  n. sp.