Description of Antho (Plocamia) bremecae sp. nov. and checklist of Microcionidae (Demospongiae: Poecilosclerida) from Burdwood Bank and neighboring areas, SW Atlantic Ocean
Barbara, Calcinai
Zootaxa
2017
2017-08-30
4312
3
580
594
VS8S
(Topsent, 1917)
Topsent
1917
[151,745,908,934]
Demospongiae
Microcionidae
Clathria
Animalia
Poecilosclerida
7
587
Porifera
species
antarctica
Microciona
Material examined.Two specimens (MSNG N° 59507, MACN IN-41005) were found at station 4, at 54° 44.02’S and 62° 12.98’ W; 804 m(labeled during the cruise as NBP 05/08 TB 4 #31). Collection date: April 2008. Collector: Laura Schejter.
Description.Our specimens are massive, light brown to slightly grey, 64 x 23x 24 mm( Figure 5A). Spicules are 2 categories of styles (sometimes subtylostyles), occasionally basally-spined, 350–(415±45)–487 x 7.5 µm and 515–(603±50)–780 x 12.5–(17±3)–20 µm ( Figure 5B); acanthostyles ( Figure 5B, C), 105–(130±16)–146 x 5– (8±2)–10 µm and short; thick and wing-shaped toxas, 45–(57±6)–71 µm ( Figure 5C–D). Few rare and big toxas (250–370 µm) were also found ( Figure 5D).
Distribution.This species has a wide distribution in the SW Atlantic Ocean and southern Pacific, recorded from Antarctic waters, South GeorgiaIslands, Malvinas(Falklands) Islands, off Buenos Airesand Uruguay, Macquarie Islandand New Zealand, (Hooper 2009; Schejter et al. 2011). This is the first record for Burdwood Bank.
Remarks.The synonymy of this species comprises ten alternative names (Hooper 2009) which may reflect the intrinsic variability of the species. Koltun (1976)synonymized Stylostichon tuberculataBurton, Clathria pauperBrøndstedand Microciona basispinosaBurtontogether with Pseudanchinoe toxifera(Topsent). Later, Hooper (1996)demonstrated that “ antarctica”should be used against “ toxifera”, and confirmed the synonymy between “ basispinosa” and “ toxifera”, rejecting the inclusion of C. pauper;however, he did not confirm the inclusion of “ tuberculata” because the typeswere not found. Also, the new combination proposed for this taxon was Clathria( Microciona) antarctica(Topsent). Goodwin et al. (2011)discussed the synonymy of this species, and considered Clathria( Dendrocia) tuberculata(Burton)as a possible valid species, and recorded it from Malvinas(Falklands) Islands. We assigned our specimens to C.( M.) antarctica(Topsent), considering the synonymy proposed, and also, because “ tuberculata” was recorded in shallower waters. Other encrusting specimens recorded by us and published in Schejter et al. (2011)were assigned to C.( M.) antarcticain the shelf break area of the ArgentineSea (at 38° 20.02'S 55° 30.22' W 106 mdepth), although the present specimen has larger spicules. The larger toxas found in specimens presently dealt with those figured by Burton (1934)in his specimen of “ Pseudanchinoe toxifera”. FIGURE 5. Clathria( Microciona) antarctica. A.Macroscopic view of the specimen; B. straight style and a small acanthostyle; C. acanthostyle and normal toxa; D. normal toxa and bigger, infrequent toxa. TABLE 2.Checklist o the recorđeđ Microcioniđaeat Burđwoođ Bank anđ neigh oring areas. Taxa Area Lat. - Long. - Depth Date of Collection Source of Information Remarks Antho (Plocamia) bremecae sp. nov Burđwoođ 54° 44.02"S, 62° 12.98" W; 804m 2008 this paper new species Artemisina apollinis(Riđley & Denđy, 1886) South Georgia Is. O Cum erlanđ Bay, 1203204m 1926 Burton, 1932 Artemisina plumosaHentschel 1914 Malvinas (Falklanđ) N 50°18'S, 58°28'30''W; 145m 1927 Burton, 1932 Clathria (Axosuberites) nidificata(Kirkpatrick, 1907) Burđwoođ 54°29,09'S, 62°10,76'W; 306m 2008 this paper new recorđ or Burđwoođ Bank Clathria (Axosuberites) nidificata(Kirkpatrick, 1907) South Georgia Is. 54°03"S, 36°39"W, 132;148m 1927 Burton, 1932 as Axociella Clathria (Axosuberites) flabellata(Topsent, 1916) South Georgia Is. 54°02"S, 36°38"W, 122;136m 1926 Burton, 1932 as Axociella Clathria (Axosuberites) flabellata(Topsent, 1916) South Georgia Is. Cum erlanđ Bay, 200;234m 1927 Burton, 1932 as Axociella Clathria (Axosuberites) georgiaensisHooper, 1996 Clathria (Axosuberites) georgiaensisHooper, 1996 Clathria (Axosuberites) georgiaensisHooper, 1996 Clathria (Axosuberites) rositaGoođwin, Brewin & Brickle, 2012 Clathria (Clathria) discreta(Thiele, 1905) Clathria (Clathria) discreta(Thiele, 1905) Clathria (Clathria) discreta(Thiele, 1905) South Georgia Is. South Georgia Is. South Georgia Is. South Georgia Is. Malvinas (Falklanđ) NW Malvinas (Falklanđ) SW Atlantic O Cum erlanđ Bay, 120;204m 54°03'S, 36°39'W, 132;148m 53°S51'S, 36°21'30''W, 200;236m 54°00,64S, 37°25.61'30''W, 11,5m 51°01'30''S, 64°59'30''W, 131;132m 51°06'S, 64°30'W; 141;144m 48°58'15''S, 64°45'W; 108;109m 1926 1927 1927 2010 1927 1927 1927 Burton, 1932 Burton, 1932 Burton, 1932 Goođwin et al., 2012 Burton, 1932 Burton, 1932 Burton, 1932 as Ophlitaspongia thieleiBurton 1932as Ophlitaspongia thieleiBurton 1932as Ophlitaspongia thieleiBurton 1932as Dictyocionaas Dictyocionaas Dictyociona Clathria (Clathria) lipochelaBurton 1932 Malvinas (Falklanđ) 51°12'S, 59°02'W; 105;115m 1926 Burton, 1932 Clathria (Clathria) lipochelaBurton 1932 Tierra đel Fuego 53°19'S, 68°12'W, intertiđal 1974 Sará, 1978 Clathria (Clathria) lipochelaBurton 1932 Tierra đel Fuego 53°50'S, 67°40'W, intertiđal 1974 Sará, 1978 Clathria (Clathria) lipochelaBurton 1932 Tierra đel Fuego 53°41'S, 67°51'W, intertiđal 1974 Sará, 1978 Clathria (Clathria) lipochelaBurton 1932 Tierra đel Fuego 54°02'S, 67°21'W, intertiđal 1974 Sará, 1978 Clathria (Clathria) papillosaThiele, 1905 Malvinas (Falklanđ) 51°30'S, 61°15'W; 81;82m 1927 Burton, 1932 Clathria (Clathria) papillosaThiele, 1905 Malvinas (Falklanđ) 52°28'S, 60°06'W; 129;137m 1927 Burton, 1932 ......continued on the next page ......continued on the next page