Andean giants: Priscula spiders from Ecuador, with notes on species groups and egg-sac troglomorphism (Araneae: Pholcidae) Huber, Bernhard A. Meng, Guanliang Dupérré, Nadine Astrin, Jonas Herrera, Mauricio European Journal of Taxonomy 2023 2023-11-28 909 1 63 Huber Huber & Meng & Dupérré & Astrin & Herrera 2023 [593,897,688,715] Arachnida Pholcidae Priscula Animalia Araneae 47 48 Arthropoda species lumbaqui sp. nov.   urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 748651F8-E634-4F74-A11C-B44D27BE59E9  Figs 6E–F, 37–40, 41B, E, 43B, D–E, 44A    Diagnosis Easily distinguished from known congeners by extremely widened procursus in lateral view ( Fig. 38C) and by large triangular sclerite in female internal genitalia ( Fig. 40D). Also by further details of procursus ( Fig. 38A–C; distinctive distal sclerite with retrolateral process), genital bulb ( Fig. 38D–F; main bulbal process shorter than in most congeners, with wide obtuse tip), male chelicerae ( Fig. 39A–B; very small frontal apophyses – similar only in some Venezuelan species of the  limonensisgroup), and female internal genitalia ( Fig. 40C–D; pair of processes on ventral arc; pore plates almost round, far apart).    Type material    Holotype ECUADOR–  Sucumbíos• ♂; near Lumbaquí; 0.0349° N, 77.3106° W;  810 ma.s.l.;  30 Sep. 2021; B.A. Huberand M. Herreraleg.; humid forest on hill; MECN–ARAC–48–T.    Paratypes ECUADOR–  Sucumbíos• 1 ♀; together with holotype; MECN–ARAC–48–T•  1 ♂, 4 ♀♀( one femaleused for SEM); same collection data as for holotype; MECN–ARAC–49–T, in ZFMKAr 24110.   Other material examined   ECUADOR–  Sucumbíos• 3 ♀♀(in pure ethanol); same collection data as for holotype; ZFMKEcu210.    Etymology The species name is derived from the typelocality, noun in apposition.    Description  Male ( holotype)  MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 4.3, carapace width 2.0. Distance PME–PME 240 µm; diameter PME 190 µm; distance PME–ALE 150 µm; distance AME–AME 50 µm; diameter AME 60 µm. ALE larger than PLE and PME (diameter ALE 260 µm). Leg 1: 54.3 (13.5+0.9 +13.3 +23.3 +3.3), tibia 2: 9.3, tibia 3: 6.4, tibia 4: 8.4; tibia 1 L/d: 74.  COLOR(in ethanol). Carapace pale ochre-yellow, with dark ochre median and lateral marks connected by irregular radial lines, ocular area dark ochre to brown, clypeus with large dark ochre band narrowing towards chelicerae; sternum dark ochre with thin brown margins; legs pale ochre, with dark rings on femora (subdistally) and tibiae (proximally and subdistally); abdomen dorsally and laterally densely covered with black marks separated by network of small white marks, ventrally with large brown mark in front of gonopore and ochre to light brown sclerite in front of spinnerets.  BODY. Habitus as in Fig. 6E. Ocular area raised (cf. female: Fig. 41B), without hump on posterior side, without comb of stronger hairs at median side of each ocular triad. Deep thoracic groove. Clypeus unmodified except sclerotized rim. Sternum wider than long (1.30/0.80), unmodified. Abdomen slightly higher than long, dorso-posteriorly pointed.  CHELICERAE. As in Fig. 39A–B, with short entapophyses, pair of lateral processes proximally and pair of very small frontal apophyses near fang joints; without stridulatory ridges.  PALPS. As in Fig. 37A–C; coxa unmodified, trochanter slightly protruding ventrally, femur very large, proximally with distinct retrolateral process and indistinct prolateral-ventral process, distal ventral rim not protruding; patella ventrally reduced to strongly sclerotized narrow rim; tibia small relative to femur; procursus ( Fig. 38A–C) very wide in lateral view, distally with prolateral-dorsal band of whitish membranous and fringed elements, with strongly sclerotized distal sclerite provided with long retrolateral process and apparently moveable against proximal part of procursus; genital bulb ( Fig. 38D–F) with small proximal sclerite connecting to tarsus, large whitish area on retrolateral-ventral side, strong and curved main bulbal process with wide obtuse tip.  LEGS. Without spines; with very weakly curved hairs on all tibiae and metatarsi; with few short vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium of tibia 1 at 5%; prolateral trichobothrium present on all leg tibiae; tarsi without regular pseudosegmentation but rather with many indistinct platelets.   Fig. 37.  Priscula lumbaquiHuber sp. nov.; male paratype from near Lumbaqui, ZFMK Ar 24110; left male palp, prolateral, dorsal, and retrolateral views. Scale line: 0.5 mm.  Male (variation) Tibia 1 inother male: 12.0.  Female In general similar to male ( Fig. 6F) but clypeus slightly less protruding than in male and clypeus rim not sclerotized but with median ochre mark. Ventral sclerite in front of spinnerets variably divided medially or undivided. Tibia 1 in five females: 7.5–8.7 (mean 7.9). Tip of palp simple, pointed, with dorsal invagination ( Fig. 43B). Tarsal organs on palps and legs exposed ( Fig. 43D, E). ALS with one strongly widened spigot, one pointed spigot, and one large and four small cylindrical spigots ( Fig. 41E); with distinctively sculptured area medially in front of ALS (similar to Fig. 41Gbut smaller). Epigynum ( Fig. 40A–B) main anterior plate semicircular to trapezoidal, slightly protruding, with pair of low humps at posterior margin, posteriorly medially slightly indented; posterior epigynal plate medially divided by whitish area. Internal genitalia ( Figs 39C, 40C–D) with pair or oval pore plates, with pair of small processes on ventral arc, and with large median triangular sclerite between pore plates on dorsal arc.    Distribution Known from typelocality only, in Sucumbíos Province, Ecuador( Fig. 4B). The ZMH (A2591) has a single female specimen from Napo, “Misahualli via Yuralpa”, 1.0901° S, 77.5434° W, which might belong to this species. In the map in Fig. 4Bit is shown as “ P.Dup134”.    Natural history Most specimens were collected from webs that were hidden deeply in sheltered spaces at ground level; one femalewas found on the underside of a large dead tree trunk suspended over a brook; one pair was found under small overhangs of a roadcut. One egg-sac had a diameter of 4.5 mm, and contained ~ 65 eggswith an egg diameter of 1.00 mm. 4506793345 humid forest on hill 2021-09-30 MECN B. A. Huber & M. Herrera Ecuador 810 0.0349 Lumbaqui 7 -77.3106 47 48 MECN-ARAC-48-T 1 1 Sucumbios holotype 4506793310 humid forest on hill 2021-09-30 MECN B. A. Huber & M. Herrera Ecuador 810 0.0349 Sucumbios 7 -77.3106 47 48 MECN-ARAC-48-T 1 1 Sucumbios paratype 4506793306 humid forest on hill 2021-09-30 ZFMK B. A. Huber & M. Herrera Ecuador 810 0.0349 Lumbaqui 7 -77.3106 47 48 MECN-ARAC-49-T 6 5 1 Sucumbios paratype 4506793360 humid forest on hill 2021-09-30 ZFMK B. A. Huber & M. Herrera Ecuador 810 0.0349 Sucumbios 7 -77.3106 47 48 3 3 Sucumbios