Foldi, 1995 : 173 A taxonomic review of the Margarodoid genus Stigmacoccus Hempel (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccoidea: Stigmacoccidae), with some details on their biology Hodgson, Chris Gamper, Heather Bogo, Amauri Watson, Gillian Zootaxa 2007 1507 1 55 52KQY Foldi Foldi [151,516,1591,1617] Insecta Margarodidae Stigmacoccus Animalia Hemiptera 7 8 Arthropoda species garmilleri     Stigmacoccus garmilleri  Foldi, 1995: 173.   Material studied. HOLOTYPEΨ:  MEXICO, Chiapas, Huitepec, April 1992, on  Quercussp., C. Macias ( MNHN): 1/1adΨ in fair condition.  Other material. MEXICO, Veracruz, Chiconquiaco, 20.iv.2002, on stem of  Quercussp., H. Gamper (Gullan collection): 2/2adΨΨ, in good condition, split into dorsum and venter.  Note:description below refers to all three slides.  Unmounted material. "Femelle adulte extraite d'un test dur de couleur noirâtre, fixé sur les branches de chênes." ( Foldi, 1995).   FIGURE 3.Adult female  Stigmacoccus garmilleriFoldi. Forletters, see Fig. 1.  Mounted material. Length 6–8 mm, width 4–5 mm; mature adult without a roundish area of sclerotisation on head and derm in this position without a pattern of minute reticulations. Antennae 10 segmented; legs fairly well developed, some tibia slightly malformed but not strongly bent; both thoracic and abdominal spiracles without associated groups of loculate pores; hairs and hair-like setae present, frequent; loculate pores frequent over body, mainly with 5 loculi, each usually with 1–5 hairs on derm near margin; tubular pores abundant throughout, of two sizes.  Dorsum. Derm on head without a pattern of minute reticulations. Setae (hair-like setae and hairs) rather sparse, both 13–25 ųm long; hairs most abundant associated with loculate pores. Derm of head without large spinose pores. Dermal pores of 6 typespresent: (i) loculate pores each 12–14 ųm wide, with mainly 5 loculi and with 1–5 hairs on derm near pore margin: present throughout, perhaps most abundant on head, prothorax and posterior abdominal segments; (ii) small spinose pores: each about 6–7 ųm wide, generally slightly convex with a central spike: perhaps absent from head, otherwise sparse throughout, perhaps most abundant on posterior abdominal segments; (iii) small convex pores each about 3–5 ųm wide: with 0–3 near each eyespot; (iv) minute simple pores in a band around anal opening; (v) minute sclerotised pores, each about 1.5–2.0 ųm wide and tall: very sparse, and (vi) oval segmented pores (cicatrices of Foldi, 1995), each about 5–20 ųm long and 5–15 ųm wide; slightly convex, upper surface usually divided into 1–8 segments (usually about 3–5, but septa obscure): abundant posterior to anus on abdominal segment VIII and throughout segment VII; also a few present on VI. Tubular pores of perhaps two sizes: each about 20–23 ųm total length, larger pores 14–16 ųm wide, smaller pores 8–10 ųm wide; smallest pores present medially on abdomen. Anus and anal tube as in generic description (anal tube everted on holotypefemale); anal opening also with 2 "finger-like" inner processes, each about 95 ųm long. Eyespots located just posterior to scape, each about 50–80 long, 40–50 ųm wide. Abdominal spiracles as in generic description: outer atrium about 50–55 ųm long, about 50 ųm wide; middle atrium about 16–20 ųm long, 65 ųm wide, and inner atrium 50 ųm long, 65 ųm wide, with a narrow, sclerotised area about 25 ųm long, within opening to trachea; total length about 140 ųm; all spiracles without an associated concentration of loculate pores around opening; posterior pair of spiracles on segment VIII about 200 ųm apart.   Venter. Hair-like setae slightly longer and less spinose than those on dorsum, but some with basal sclerotisation as on hairs; each 40–66 ųm long; longest and densest medially on posterior abdominal segments. Stout, spine-like setae: 1-3 present laterad to each thoracic spiracle, each up to about 16 ųm tall and 7 ųm wide at base. Pores mainly as on dorsum: (i) loculate pores only slightly more abundant along margins of vulva than elsewhere on segments VII and VIII, these loculate pores near vulva mainly without associated hairs; without a concentration near each thoracic spiracle; (ii) small spinose, (iii) small convex and (iv) minute sclerotised pores as on dorsum; (v) segmented pores as on dorsum: present throughout segments VII and VIII and also with a few medially on segment VI; smaller segmented pores not detected near mouthparts. Tubular pores as for dorsum but less frequent and mainly small. Antennae 10 segmented, each 1.5–1.6 mmlong; scape with many setae but no pores; pedicel narrower, sclerotised along proximal margin, about as long as wide, with many setae plus about 3 or 4 campaniform sensilla; segments III–IX each 110–160 ųm long, with a broad band of setae and a few antennal bristles; apical segment longer than broad, about 177–230 ųm long, with many setae + 3 large and several smaller bristles. Thoracic spiracles rather small: width of peritremes about 100 ųm, length of muscle plate + spiracle 300 ųm; peritreme probably with 2 rows of small pores, but these obscure; each spiracle without an associated group of loculate pores. Legs: metathoracic: lengths (ųm): coxa 510–580; trochanter + femur 845–1020; tibia 800–890; tarsus 480–550; claw 140–150; coxae with about 10– 18 spiniform setae present on ventral surface near articulation with trochanter; trochanter with 10–12 campaniform sensilla on each side; all tibia showing some signs of deformation, either with a ridge about 2/3rds along length or slightly bent; each tibia with spur-like setae along ventral margin, those distally about 40–65 ųm long; also with 2 or 3 campaniform sensilla on lateral margins about 1/2 way along length; tarsi each with 3 tarsal campaniform sensilla; with many setae, those along ventral and lateral margins spur-like; claw digitules setose, with 1 or 2 on each margin; claw without a denticle, although occasionally slightly serrate. Vulva about 630–700 ųm wide; each margin with 2 long "finger-like" inner ducts, each about 350–450 ųm long, and with a sparse band of loculate pores, each mainly without associated hairs; vaginal wall apparently without groups of more heavily sclerotised loculate pores in longitudinal lines.   Comment.  S. garmilleriis easily separated from the other two species in having 10-segmented antennae. It also has: (i) 1–5 hairs on derm near margin of most loculate pores; (ii) tubular pores frequent throughout most of derm, particular on head; (iii) concentrations of loculate pores absent from near thoracic spiracles; (iv) loculate pores only slightly more abundant along margins of vulva than elsewhere; and (v) absence of large spinose pores on head. The differences between the holotypefemale and the other two (non-type) specimens were small – the latter specimens were slightly more mature and larger. This is the species of  Stigmacoccusmentioned by Greenberg et al.(1993)when describing their observations on birds feeding on the honeydew of a  Stigmacoccusspecies in Chiapas, Mexico, and also the species currently being studied by Gamper et al. in Chiconquiaco, Veracruz, Mexico.