Mathis 1982b : 53 Mathis and Zatwarnicki 1995 : 254 Revision of Ephydrini Zetterstedt (Diptera: Ephydridae) from the Americas south of the United States Mathis, Wayne N. Marinoni, Luciane Zootaxa 2016 4116 1 1 110 4WZZV Mathis Mathis [195,538,295,322] Insecta Ephydridae Setacera Animalia Diptera 104 105 Arthropoda species trichoscelis   Figs. 146–150, Map 33     Setacera trichoscelis  Mathis 1982b: 53.—  Mathis and Zatwarnicki 1995: 254[world catalog].   Diagnosis.This species closely resembles  S. pacifica(Cresson)and  S. needhamiJohannsen. Thelatter two, however, are known only from the Nearctic Region. Specimens of  S. trichoscelismay be distinguished from those of either congener by the following characters: supraspiracular convexity shallowly rounded; tufts of hair near the apex of the mid- and hindtibiae well developed, as in members of  S. needhami;and conformation of structures of male terminalia distinctive, particularly the shape of the fused surstyli. Medium-sized to moderately large shore flies, body length 3.20–4.20 mm; mostly subdued, microtomentose, pale brown to grayish green except for subshiny to shiny dorsum.  Head( Fig. 146): Head ratio 0.70; frontal ratio 0.49; frons and fronto-orbits distinctly shiny with metallic blue to greenish blue luster; frons with sparsely scattered, hairs, appearing pilose; ocelli in isosceles triangle, distance between posterior pair shorter than between medial ocellus and either posterior ocellus. Antenna unicolorous, blackish brown, dull, microtomentose with grayish vestiture; basal flagellomere slightly longer than combined length of scape and pedicel; pedicel with some greenish color ventrally. Face mostly silvery white except dorsal shelf; antennal groove and interfoveal space with metallic luster similar in color to mesofrons; area immediately surrounding base of antenna with golden brown microtomentum; lower portion of face receding; facial angle approximately 90° from profile view; length of lower portion longer than distance between base of antenna to facial angle. Eye width-to-height ratio 0.92, oval, orientated at oblique angle to plane of epistoma. Gena wide, gena-to-eye ratio 0.43; concolorous with face, becoming duller posteriorly and with some grayish green to olivaceous coloration.   FIGURES 146–147.  Setacera trichoscelisMathis.(146) head, lateroblique view; (147) mesonotum, dorsal view (from Mathis 1982).  Thorax( Fig. 147): Mesonotum mostly brown to greenish brown; anterior portion more subdued, microtomentose, grayish brown, darker posteriorly, shinier, metallic green; scutellum with mostly greenish to bronzish blue metallic luster shiny through darker brown vestiture. Anepisternum, anepimeron, and katepisternum mostly concolorous, grayish golden brown to olivaceous; forecoxa shiny gray; meron mostly gray to palely olivaceous in color. Femora mostly gray but with some bluish or pale brown coloration, becoming darker apically; tibiae mostly concolorous with femora but with less grayish coloration; tarsi yellowish orange but with some blackish coloration; legs of males with tufts of long hairs near apices of mid- and hindtibiae; posteroventral surface of midfemur with distinct row of setae which become larger toward base. Costal vein ratio 0.30; M vein ratio 0.83.   FIGURES 148–150.  Setacera trichoscelisMathis.(148) male terminalia, lateral view; (149) internal structures of male terminalia, lateral view; (150) surstyli, posterior view (from Mathis 1982).  MAP 33.Distribution map for  Setacera trichoscelisMathis.  Abdomen:Dorsum mostly unicolorous, brown with metallic bluish green to green luster; tergite 1 more microtomentose, grayish, other tergites becoming darker and shinier posteriorly but not as dark as dorsum of scutellum. Tergite 5 of male longer than wide, nearly as long as combined length of tergites 3 and 4; lateral margins tapered gradually to subtruncate apex. Epandrium of male terminalia triangular, becoming wider toward venter; surstyli attached to ventral margin of epandrium, broadly fused to form subrectangular plate with ventrolateral, rounded processes; sternite 5 loosely attached to posteroventral corners of epandrium, anterior ends produced into gently-curved, well-sclerotized, sickle-like processes; see Figs. of terminalia for further details ( Figs. 148–150).    Typematerial.The holotypemale is labeled “Yaguarcocha, 3 kmN. Ibarra, 1950 m, Imbabura, Ecuad[or], 8– 9. VI. 65[ 8–9 Jun 1965], L. Pena/ Holotype Setacera trichoscelis Mathis[red].” Female allotype and 36 paratypes(10Ƌ, 26♀) are labeled with same label data as the holotype. The holotype, allotype, and most of the paratypesare in the CNC(15239). Two pairs of male and female paratypesare in the USNM.   Typelocality. Ecuador. Imbabura. Yaguarcocha ( 3 kmN Ibarra; 0°22'S, 78°06'W).  Additional specimens examined.  ECUADOR. Imbabura:Laguna San Pablo ( 0°12.1'S, 78°14.1'W), 28 Aug 1999, W. N. Mathis ( 7♂, 2♀; USNM).   PERU. Lima:Lima, Laguna de Villa ( 12°00.2'S, 76°38.3'W), 14 Feb 1984, W. N. Mathis ( 9♂, 5♀; USNM).   Distribution(Map 33): Neotropical: Ecuador(Imbabura). Peru(Lima).   Remarks.This species is similar and apparently closely related to  S. pilicornisand reference to structures of the male terminalia may be needed to distinguish between them.