Three new species of Grandilithus Liu & Li, 2022 (Araneae, Phrurolithidae) from southern China
Xu, Mengjiao
Mu, Yannan
Zhang, Chao
Zhang, Feng
ZooKeys
2023
2023-11-07
1183
205
217
https://zoobank.org/F7AB13E6-C2BD-4AB5-8CDF-BEF871120A06
Xu & Mu & Zhang & Zhang, 2023
Xu & Mu & Zhang & Zhang
2023
Arachnida
Phrurolithidae
Grandilithus
CoL
Animalia
Grandilithus xiaohuangshan
Araneae
0
205
Arthropoda
species
xiaohuangshan
sp. nov.
Figs 3 , 4 Chinese name: 小黄山大斑蛛
Type material. Holotype♂ (HBUARA#2021-63): China: Xiaohuangshan Scenic Spot, the Nanling Mountain National Forest Park, Ruyuan County, Shaoguan City, Guangdong Province ( 24°53.72'N, 113°1.24'E; 1338 m a.s.l.), 23 May 2021, leg. Yannan Mu. Paratype: 2♀, with same data as holotype.
Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the type locality.
Diagnosis. This new species resembles G. florifer(Fu, He & Zhang, 2015) in having a similarly shaped embolus, but can be recognized by: 1) the different color pattern and lighter color (vs darker color, cf. Fig. 3with figs 21, 22 in Fu et al. 2015); 2) the broad tegulum (wider than cymbium), the small, arch-shaped tegular apophysis (vs tegulum thinner than cymbium, tegular apophysis long, straight, cf. Fig. 4B, Cwith figs 25, 26 in Fu et al. 2015); 3) the thin median septum (vs wide, cf. Fig. 4Ewith figs 27, 28 in Fu et al. 2015); 4) the thick and strong copulatory ducts (vs thin and small, cf. Fig. 4E, Fwith figs 27, 28 in Fu et al. 2015); and 5) the long, straight spermathecae, with thin connecting tubes (vs connecting tubes thick, spermathecae short and curved, cf. Fig. 4Fwith figs 27, 28 in Fu et al. 2015). Figure 3.Habitus of Grandilithus xiaohuangshansp. nov. Amale holotype, dorsal view Bsame, ventral view Cfemale paratype, dorsal view Dsame, ventral view. Figure 4.Copulatory organs of Grandilithus xiaohuangshansp. nov. Amale left palp, prolateral view Bsame, retrolateral view Csame, ventral view Dsame, dorsal view Eepigyne, ventral view Fsame, dorsal view. Abbreviations: B-bursa; CD-copulatory duct; CO-copulatory opening; CT-connecting tube; E-embolus; FA-femoral apophysis; FD-fertilization duct; GA-glandular appendage; MS-median septum; RTA-retrolateral tibial apophysis; S-spermatheca; SD-sperm duct; TA-tegular apophysis; Tu-tubercle.
Description. Male (holotype): total length 3.70, carapace 1.67 long, 1.48 wide; abdomen 2.03 long, 1.18 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.12, ALE 0.10, PME 0.08, PLE 0.09; AME-AME 0.06, AME-ALE 0.01, ALE-ALE 0.32, PME-PME 0.10, PME-PLE 0.06, PLE-PLE 0.40, ALE-PLE 0.10. EAW 0.54, CRW 0.75, EAW/CRW 0.72, CRW/CW 0.51. MOA 0.29 long, anterior width 0.30, posterior width 0.27. CH 0.12. CH/AME 1.00. Labium 0.16 long, 0.24 wide. Sternum 0.98 long, 0.80 wide. Leg measurements: I 9.10 (2.14, 0.62, 2.66, 2.20, 1.48), II 7.14 (1.82, 0.57, 1.90, 1.68, 1.17), III 5.95 (1.57, 0.49, 1.34, 1.58, 0.97), IV 8.94 (2.41, 0.56, 2.19, 2.49, 1.29), leg pattern: 1423. Spination: femur II-IV d 1, femur I pl 5, femur II pl 3, tibia I pv 8 rv 9, tibia II pv 8 rv 8, metatarsus I pv 4 rv 4, metatarsus II pv 4 rv 3. Coloration.Carapace yellow-brown, with several patches resembling flowing droplets beside fovea. Abdomen fawn, with a small, yellow dorsal scutum anteriorly and black pattern posteriorly. A small, irregular, slightly sclerotized area in front of the spinnerets with black setae. Leg yellow-brown. Palpas in Fig. 4A-D. Femoral apophysis protruding. Tubercle indistinct. Retrolateral tibial apophysis with broad base, curved, with coracoid-shaped tip. Tegulum nearly circular, wider than cymbium; tegular apophysis small. Sperm duct distinct, tapering from retrolateral of tegulum to base of embolus. Embolus thin, curved, tip sharp. Female (paratype): total length 4.78, carapace 2.03 long, 1.75 wide; abdomen 2.75 long, 2.17 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.14, ALE 0.12, PME 0.09, PLE 0.10; AME-AME 0.07, AME-ALE 0.01, ALE-ALE 0.34, PME-PME 0.11, PME-PLE 0.08, PLE-PLE 0.46, ALE-PLE 0.13. EAW 0.61, CRW 0.82, EAW/CRW 0.74, CRW/CW 0.95. MOA 0.32 long, anterior width 0.31, posterior width 0.30. CH 0.13, CH/AME 1.08. Labium 0.22 long, 0.30 wide. Sternum 1.18 long, 0.96 wide. Leg measurements: I 10.98 (2.52, 0.69, 3.06, 2.13, 2.58), II 8.31 (2.21, 0.66, 2.38, 1.79, 1.27), III 6.67 (1.81, 0.61, 1.46, 1.77, 1.02), IV 10.42 (2.87, 0.67, 2.50, 2.94, 1.44), leg pattern: 1 4 2 3. Spination: femur I pl 5, femur II d 1 pl 5, femur IV d 1, tibia I pv 9 rv 10, tibia II pv 9 rv 8, metatarsus I pv 4 rv 4, metatarsus II pv 4 rv 3. Coloration.Carapace darker than male, with several patches resembling flowing droplets beside fovea. Abdomen black, with a small, white inverted triangular mark anteriorly. A small, irregular, slightly sclerotized area in front of the spinnerets with black setae. Leg yellow-brown. Epigyneas in Fig. 4E, F. Epigynal plate slightly sclerotized. Median septum narrow, inverted goblet-shaped. Copulatory openings distinct, separated by median septum. Copulatory ducts thick and strong, bent, J-shaped. Bursa medium, balloon-shaped, the right one larger than left in dorsal view. Glandular appendages large. Connecting tubes short, curved, thinner than copulatory ducts. Spermathecae long, clavate, separated from each other. Fertilization ducts located at posterior of spermathecae.
Distribution. China: Guangdong Province (Fig. 7).