Baccha praefica of Hull 1929: 194 Episyrphus ( Asiobaccha ) praefica Thompson and Vockeroth 1989: 443 A taxonomic revision of the genus Asiobaccha Violovitsh (Diptera: Syrphidae) Mengual, Ximo Journal of Natural History 2016 2016-07-31 50 2585 2645 8B4JB Mengual Mengual [405,808,286,312] Insecta Syrphidae Asiobaccha GBIF Animalia Diptera 37 2622 Arthropoda species samoaensis sp. nov.  ( Figure 9a, b, e)      Baccha praeficaof Hull 1929: 194.    Episyrphus( Asiobaccha) praeficaof  Thompson and Vockeroth 1989: 443(in part, citation from Samoa).    Description  Male: Head.Face with distinct round facial tubercle, black, black pilose, white-silver pollinose laterally, shiny medially; gena black; lunule black, shiny; frons slightly protruded forward, black, black pilose, dark brown pollinose posteriorly; vertical triangle narrow, isosceles, with the ocelli on the anterior half, black, black pilose; antenna yellow, basoflagellomere brown dorsally, black pilose; arista brown, bare; eye bare, holoptic; occiput black, grey-silver pollinose, pale pilose on ventral 3/4 and dark pilose on dorsal 1/4 ( Figure 9e).  Thorax.Scutum black with purple iridescence and partly brown pollinose, with short, black pile; mesonotal fringe or collar well-defined on anterior part of scutum, with pale pile; postpronotum black, bare; notopleuron black, pale pilose; scutellum black, brown pollinose on anterior margin, with short, black pile, subscutellar fringe with long, pale pile ( Figure 9a, b). Pleuron black, white pollinose on dorsal katepisternum and posterior anepisternum; anterior anepisternum yellow pilose on posterodorsal quarter, posterior anepisternum and anepimeron pale pilose; metaepisternum with short, dark pile ventrad to spiracle; metasternum bare; calypter small, reduced, yellow; plumula small, pale; halter dark brown to black; posterior spiracular fringes pale. Wing: alula broad, as broad as or broader than cell BM, microtrichose. Wing membrane infuscated, brown; entirely microtrichose. Legs: dark brown to black.  Abdomen.Parallel sided, slightly petiolate, unmargined; dark with bluish-purple iridescence without pollinosity, or small, black pollinose maculae medially; terga 1 and 2 pale pilose, and terga 4 –6 black pilose; tergum 3 pale pilose anteriorly and black pilose posteriorly ( Figure 9a, b); sterna black. Male genitalia dark.  Female.Similar to male except for normal sexual dimorphism and as follows: frons black, shiny, white pollinose only lateroventrally; occiput entirely pale pilose.  Variation.Some specimens may have the face, under the white pollinose laterals, a yellow background. Lighter individuals have basal part of pro- and mesotibiae yellow and postalar callus light brown.  Length (N = 5).Body, 10.0 –14.5 (12.5) mm; wing, 8.0 –10.0 (9.4) mm.   Geographical distribution Species known only from Samoan Islands.    Etymology The specific epithet is derived from the country ’s name where the species is found, Samoa, and the Latin suffix - ensisdenoting place, locality, country, or belonging to, pertaining to ( Brown 1956, p. 45, 303). Species epithet is to be treated as adjective.    Differential diagnosis This taxon has the face, the scutellum and the abdomen dark, with purple shine, and it presents a broad alula. It is very similar to  A. praefica, both with the metatarsi dark brown or black, but they can be distinguished by the microtrichosity of the basal cells:  A. praeficahas the cell BM bare basally, and  A. samoaensishas the wing entirely microtrichose.     Typelocality  American Samoa: Eastern district, Tutuila island, N.P. American Samoa, Mt. ‘Alava,  300 –480 m, 14°15 ʹ53  ʹ’S, 170°41 ʹ17  ʹ’W.    Material examined  Type material.   Holotype, male, deposited in the Bernice P. Bishop Museum (Honolulu, Hawaii, USA) and labelled: ‘ SAMOA: Tutuila, // Mt. Alava, 300 –// 480 m, 9.III.1971 ’ ‘N.L.H. Krauss // Collector // BISHOP MUSEUM ’ ‘HOLOTYPE //  Asiobaccha//  samoaensis// des. X. Mengual 2014’[red] (specimen photographed).   Paratypes: AMERICAN SAMOA: Tutuilaisland, N.P. American Samoa, Mt. ‘ Alava,  300 –480 m,  9 March 1971, N.L.H. Krauss[ 1♂, BPBM; 1♂, ZFMK, ZFMKDIP 00011919];  Tutuilaisland,  9 August 1957, W.R. Kellen[ 1♀, BPBM];...,  Pago Pago,  16 April 1924, E.H. Bryan Jr.[ 1♂, CNC];...,  Pago Pago,  21 July 1925, G.P. Wilder[ 1sp., BPBM];...,  Pago Pago,  14 December 1925, P.A. Buxtonand G.H. Hopkins[ 1♀, BPBM];...,  Malaota,  10 September 1953, C.P. Hoyt, sweeping ferns [ 1♂, ZFMK, ZFMKDIP 00011930];  Manu ’a district, Tauisland, Tavalogi Ridge,  165 m,  16 –19 February 1965, G.A. Samuelson, Malaisetrap [ 2♂ 2♀, BPBM; 1♂ 1♀, ZFMK, ZFMKDIP 00011943, 00011940].  SAMOA: Tuamasaga district, Upoluisland, Tuaefu,  16 September 1923, Swezey and Wilder[ 1♀, BPBM; 1♀, ZFMK, ZFMKDIP 00011938];...,  Afiamalu,  19 June 1940,  2100 ft., E.C. Zimmerman, beating [ 1♀, BPBM];...,  Malololelei,  2000 ft.,  18 April 1924, P.A. Buxtonand G.H. Hopkins[ 1♂, BPBM];...,   17 June 1924, P.A. Buxtonand G.H. Hopkins[ 1♀, CNC];...,   21 June 1924, J.S. Armstrong[ 1♀, BMNH];...,   22 June 1924, J.S. Armstrong[ 1♀, CNC];...,   30 June 1924, J.S. Armstrong[ 1♀, BPBM];  Palauli district, Savai ’i island, Sala ’ilua,  19 May 1924, E.H. Bryan Jr.[ 1♀, BPBM];...,   21 May 1924, E.H. Bryan Jr.[ 1♀, BMNH];...,   22 May 1924, E.H. Bryan Jr.[ 1♂, BMNH];...,  Safune, lower forest,  1000 –2000 ft.,  11 May 1924, E.H. Bryan Jr.[ 1♀, RMNH];...,  Asau,  200 m,  3 January 1969, B. Hocking[ 1♀, ZFMK, ZFMKDIP 00011941]. 3758305336 American Samoa 390 Eastern district Tutuila island 38 2623 1 holotype 3758305305 1971-03-09 BPBM, ZFMK N. L. H. Krauss American Samoa 390 Alava Tutuila 38 2623 2 2 paratype 3758305334 [469,1093,939,964] 1957-08-09 BPBM W. R. Kellen Tutuila Tutuila 38 2623 1 1 3758305323 1924-04-16 CNC E. H. Bryan Jr. Pago Pago 38 2623 1 1 3758305329 1925-07-21 BPBM G. P. Wilder Pago Pago Pago Pago 38 2623 1 3758305342 [284,1155,1009,1033] 1925-12-14 BPBM P. A. Buxton & G. H. Hopkins Pago Pago 38 2623 1 1 3758305317 [160,1156,1043,1068] 1953-09-10 ZFMK C. P. Hoyt Malaota 38 2623 1 1 3758305326 1965-02-16 1965-02-19 1965-02-16 BPBM, ZFMK G. A. Samuelson 165 Tau Manu 38 2623 6 3 3 3758305311 1923-09-16 BPBM, ZFMK Samoa Tuaefu Upolu 38 2623 2 2 Tuamasaga district 3758305314 1940-06-19 BPBM E. C. Zimmerman 640 Afiamalu 38 2623 1 1 3758305324 1924-04-18 BPBM P. A. Buxton & G. H. Hopkins 610 Malololelei 38 2623 1 1 3758305349 [481,1121,1251,1276] 1924-06-17 CNC P. A. Buxton & G. H. Hopkins 38 2623 1 1 3758305343 1924-06-21 BMNH J. S. Armstrong 38 2623 1 1 3758305340 [637,1120,1286,1310] 1924-06-22 CNC J. S. Armstrong 38 2623 1 1 3758305307 1924-06-30 BPBM J. S. Armstrong 38 2623 1 1 3758305325 1924-05-19 BPBM E. H. Bryan Jr. Sala Savai 38 2623 1 1 Palauli district 3758305303 [480,955,1355,1380] 1924-05-21 BMNH E. H. Bryan Jr. 38 2623 1 1 3758305348 1924-05-22 BMNH E. H. Bryan Jr. 38 2623 1 1 3758305310 1924-05-11 RMNH E. H. Bryan Jr. 457 Safune 38 2623 1 1 3758305328 [341,1156,1425,1449] 1969-01-03 ZFMK B. Hocking 200 Asau 38 2623 1 1