Tenthredo (Allantus) fuscula Klug, 1816: 70–71 Hartig, 1837: 228 fuscula Dolerus minutus Hartig, 1837: 244–245 fuscula Konow 1885: 297 Konow 1890: 249 Hering 1934: 353 Ranunculus auricomus fuscula Pseudodineura R. auricomus fuscula Ranunculus R. auricomus Pelmatopus fusculus R. auricomus Pelmatopus auricomi auricomus Ranunculus The West Palaearctic Pseudodineura and Endophytus species (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae) Liston, Andrew Prous, Marko Vårdal, Hege Zootaxa 2019 2019-06-11 4614 3 511 528 (Klug, 1816) Klug 1816 [151,593,1016,1043] Insecta Tenthredinidae Pseudodineura GBIF Animalia Hymenoptera 9 520 Arthropoda species fuscula    Tenthredo (Allantus) fuscula Klug, 1816: 70–71. Syntype(s) ♀, lost [leg. Gravenhorst: presumed to have been deposited in the Gravenhorst Collection]. Type locality: am Göttinger Walle [ Germany, Göttingen, town wall].    Dineura despecta  Hartig, 1837: 228. Syntype(s) ♀, should be in ZMHB (Hartig wrote “Mus. Kl[ug].”), but apparently lost; no type locality given. Listed as a synonym of  fusculaby Konow (1905).   Dolerus minutus Hartig, 1837: 244–245. Syntype(s) ♀, no type locality given. Lectotype ♀(GBIF-GISHym2762; images: https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.7880864) in ZMHB, here designated. Type locality: Rügen [ Germany, Mecklenburg- Vorpommern]. Listed as a synonym of  fusculaby Konow (1905).    Pseudodineura despecta:  Konow 1885: 297.    Pseudodineura fuscula:  Konow 1890: 249.    Phyllopais fusculus:  Hering 1934: 353.  Taxonomy. Hering (1923)thought that specimens reared from  Ranunculus auricomusbelonged to a species separate from  fuscula. Buhr (1941)noted that the phenology of  Pseudodineuraon  R. auricomuswas two or three weeks earlier than that of  fusculaon other species of  Ranunculus. A male and female reared by Hering from  R. auricomusand identified as  Pelmatopus fusculusare in the ZMHB, and a further pair reared by Hering from  R. auricomusin the ZSM, labelled “  Pelmatopus auricomi” [unpublished name]. The latter are missing the apex of the abdomen and genitalia. We have not seen other specimens reared from this host. No external morphological differences were detected between the specimens reared from  auricomusand specimens from other  Ranunculusspecies.   Additional description.Body length: ♀2.5–5.0mm, ♂ 3.5–4.5mm. Pronotum completely black. Female: te- gulae usually black, sometimes brown. Abdomen black except more or less for apex of valvula 3. Lancet: Fig. 27. Male: pronotum and tegulae black. Sternum 9 black. Penis valve: Fig. 23. Total number of specimens examined: 79♀, 6♂.  Similar species.Of the species with black-marked femora, only the female of  parvulahas a somewhat similarly shaped sawsheath. In cases where the shape of the sheath is not clearly observable, the larger sawteeth on the lancet of  fusculawill distinguish them. Externally, the male closely resembles the other two species with black-marked femora (  ensliniand  parvula), but can be separated by its penis valve (see key).  Life history.Host plants: a large number of  Ranunculusspecies. Altenhofer & Pschorn-Walcher (2006)found mines most abundantly on  auricomusagg., repens, and  platanifolius, but many other host species are used, such as   Distribution.Southern, central and northern Europe, including British Isles ( Taeger et al. 2006), Armenia, Kazakhstan, and eastern Siberia ( Sundukov 2017). Introduced to North America ( Smith 1976). Occurrence in Sweden: published records; Skåne( Benander 1966), Öland ( Wahlgren 1944). Material examined: Skåne, Småland, Öland, Gotland, Gotska Sandön, Södermanland, Uppland, Ångermanland, Norrbotten.  Specimens examined.  Austria: 18♀, 2♂( SDEI).  Including:  1♂(DEIGisHym31891), Lower Austria, Rapot- tenstein, Ritterkamp,  05.06.1988, em.  April 1989,  Ranunculus platanifolius, leg. E. Altenhofer( SDEI).  1♀(DEI- GisHym19541), Lower Austria, Kohlveith,  6.6.1992, em.  6.5.1993,  Ranunculus lanuginosus, leg. E. Altenhofer( SDEI).   Canada: 1♀( SDEI).   Estonia: 2♀, 1♂( SDEI).   Germany: 23♀, 3♂( SDEI). *  Portugal: Viana do Castelo: 2♀, Paredes de Coura 6 kmNNE,  480 m, 41.95°N- 8.51°E,  13.05.2012, leg. Blank, Liston& Taeger(DEIGisHym15402, 19633) ( SDEI).   Sweden: Skåne: 1♀, Krankesjön, 55.70°N 13.47°E,  19.05.1968, leg. H. Andersson( MZLU).  Småland: 2♀, [no further data], leg. Boheman(NHRS-HEVA000006299–6300) ( NHRS).  Öland: 1♀, Station Linné 1kmE, 56.62°N 16.51°E,  01.04.2017, leg. Liston& Prous(DEIGisHym80263) ( SDEI).  Gotland: 1♀, [no further data], leg. Bohe- man, (NHRS-HEVA000006312) ( NHRS).  1♀, Roma, 57.50°N 18.45°E,  8.6.2017, leg. Liston( SDEI); leaf-mine with larva, same data (DEI-GISHym31922) ( SDEI).  Gotska Sandön: 1♀, 58.37°N 19.25°E,  17.07.1946, leg. Jans- son (NHRS-HEVA000006322) ( NHRS).  Södermanland: 3♀, Sorunda, 59.01°N 17.82°E,  21.05.1933, leg. Malaise(NHRS-HEVA000006306–8) ( NHRS).  Uppland: 1♀, [no further data], leg. Lundblad(NHRS-HEVA000006302) ( NHRS).  1♀, Harparbol, 59.87°N 18.00°E,  23.05.1952, leg. Lundblad(NHRS-HEVA000003431) ( NHRS).  3♀, Holmiae( Stockholm), leg. Boheman(NHRS-HEVA000006309–311) ( NHRS).  1♀, Danderyd, 59.41°N 18.04°E,  02.05.1937, leg. Roman(NHRS-HEVA000006319) ( NHRS). 1♀,  Uppsala, 59.87°N 17.63°E, 05.1891, leg. Ro- man (NHRS-HEVA000006301) ( NHRS). 1♀,  Uppsala, 59.87°N 17.63°E,  08.05.1936, leg. Hedgren( NHRS- HEVA000006321) ( NHRS).  2♀, Erken, 59.84°N 18.65°E(NHRS-HEVA000006303–4) ( NHRS).  1♀, Djurgården,  10.05.1937, leg. Malaise(NHRS-HEVA000006305) ( NHRS).  1♀, Resarö,  19.05.1918, leg. Malaise( NHRS- HEVA000006314) ( NHRS).  3♀, Resarö, [no dates], leg. Malaise(NHRS-HEVA000006315–7) ( NHRS). Västman- land: 1♀, Nora, 59.56°N 15.01°E,  05.04.1935(NHRS-HEVA000006320) ( NHRS).  Ångermanland: 1♀, [no further data], leg. Stål, (NHRS-HEVA000006313) ( NHRS).  Norrbotten: 1♀, Kamlunge, 65.99°N 22.86°E,  28.05.2014, leg. Liston& Prous( SDEI).  1♀, Kalix, Vassen, 65.85°N 23.16°E,  30.05.2014, leg. Liston& Prous( SDEI).  1♀(DEI-GISHym31817), Råneå 10kmSW, 65.79°N 22.16°E,  30.05.2014, leg. Liston& Prous( SDEI).  1♀, Björkfors, 65.92°N 23.46°E,  01.06.2014, leg. Liston& Prous( SDEI).  1♀, Haparanda 5kmW, 65.82°N 24.03°E,  03.06.2014, leg. Liston& Prous( SDEI). 2252313791 [463,755,1889,1915] SDEI Austria Austria 10 521 20 18 2 2252313809 [768,880,1889,1915] Austria Including 10 521 1 2252313757 1988-05-06 1989-04 1988-05-06 SDEI E. Altenhofer Austria Ritterkamp 10 521 1 1 Niederoesterreich 2252313724 1992-06-06 1993-05-06 1992-06-06 SDEI E. Altenhofer Austria Kohlveith GisHym 10 521 1 1 Niederoesterreich 2252313804 [199,424,153,179] SDEI Canada Canada 11 522 1 1 2252313749 [199,473,189,215] SDEI Estonia Estonia 11 522 3 2 1 2252313719 [199,507,225,251] SDEI Germany Germany 11 522 26 23 3 2252313747 2012-05-13 SDEI de Coura & Blank & Liston & Taeger Portugal 480 41.95 Paredes de Coura 692 8.51 11 522 2 2 Viana do Castelo 2252313740 [199,1228,332,359] 1968-05-19 MZLU H. Andersson Sweden 55.7 Krankesjon 637 13.47 11 522 1 1 Skane 2252313785 NHRS Boheman Sweden Smaland 11 522 2 2 2252313787 2017-01-04 SDEI Liston & Prous Sweden 56.62 Station Linne 633 16.51 Oland 11 522 1 1 2252313739 NHRS Sweden Gotland 11 522 1 1 Gotland 2252313790 [638,1315,440,467] 2017-06-08 SDEI Liston Sweden 57.5 Roma 630 18.45 11 522 1 1 2252313754 2017-06-08 SDEI Liston Sweden 57.5 Roma 630 18.45 11 522 1 2252313762 1946-07-17 NHRS Sweden 58.37 Gotska Sandon 627 19.25 11 522 1 1 2252313779 1933-05-21 NHRS Malaise Sweden 59.01 Sorunda 624 17.82 11 522 3 3 Sodermanland 2252313738 NHRS Lundblad Sweden Uppland 11 522 1 1 2252313755 [262,1380,584,611] 1952-05-23 NHRS Lundblad Sweden 59.87 Harparbol 621 18.0 11 522 1 1 2252313745 NHRS Holmiae & Boheman Sweden Stockholm 11 522 3 3 Stockholm 2252313782 1937-02-05 NHRS Roman Sweden 59.41 Danderyd 623 18.04 11 522 1 1 2252313800 NHRS Sweden 59.87 Uppsala 621 17.63 11 522 1 Uppsala 2252313788 1936-08-05 NHRS-, NHRS Hedgren Sweden 59.87 Uppsala 621 17.63 11 522 HEVA000006321 1 Uppsala 2252313716 [476,1242,728,756] NHRS Sweden 59.84 Erken 621 18.65 11 522 2 2 2252313777 1937-10-05 NHRS Malaise Sweden Djurgarden 11 522 1 1 2252313794 1918-05-19 NHRS-, NHRS Malaise Sweden Resaro 11 522 HEVA000006314 1 1 2252313799 [475,1318,800,827] NHRS Resaro & Malaise Sweden 11 522 3 3 2252313728 1935-05-04 NHRS Sweden 59.56 Nora 622 15.01 11 522 1 1 2252313723 NHRS Stal Sweden Angermanland 11 522 1 1 2252313758 2014-05-28 SDEI Liston & Prous Sweden 65.99 Kamlunge 599 22.86 11 522 1 1 Norrbotten 2252313735 [486,1388,908,935] 2014-05-30 SDEI Liston & Prous Sweden 65.85 Vassen 600 23.16 Kalix 11 522 1 1 2252313801 2014-05-30 SDEI Liston & Prous Sweden 65.79 Ranea 600 22.16 11 522 1 1 2252313784 2014-01-06 SDEI Liston & Prous Sweden 65.92 Bjorkfors 599 23.46 11 522 1 1 2252313771 2014-03-06 SDEI Liston & Prous Sweden 65.82 Haparanda 600 24.03 11 522 1 1