Cope, 1872 : 262
Brycon ( Megalobrycon ) melanopterum : Steindachner, 1876: 590
Fowler, 1907 : 447
Amaral Campos, 1950 : 142
Géry & Mahnert, 1984 : 174
Eigenmann, 1910 : 430
Knöppel, 1970 : 268
Howes, 1982 : 34
Ortega & Vari, 1986 : 7
Géry & Mahnert, 1992 : 794
B. cephalus
B. amazonicus
Crampton, 1999 : 15
Barthem, 1999 : 82
Bayley, 1988 : 131
Mérona & Rankin-de-Mérona, 2004 : 77
Bejarano et al. , 2006 : 362
Blanco-Parra & Bejarano-Rodríguez, 2006 : 856
Galvis et al. , 2006 : 190
Lima et al. , 2013 : 230
Correa & Winemiller, 2014 : 214
La Monte, 1935 : 7
Eigenmann & Allen, 1942 : 253
Goulding, 1980 : 73
Braum, 1983a : 355
Braum, 1983b : 268
Werder, 1983 : 445
Junk et al. , 1983 : 408
Werder & Soares, 1984 : 398
Lasso, 1992 : 11
Piedade et al. , 2006 : 1176
Brycon
Piedade et al. , 2006 : 1176
Astrocaryum jauari
Galvis et al. , 2006 : 457
A revision of the cis-andean species of the genus Brycon Müller & Troschel (Characiformes: Characidae)
Lima, Flávio C. T.
Zootaxa
2017
4222
1
1
189
5WSRF
Cope, 1871
Cope
1871
[151,575,404,430]
Actinopterygii
Bryconidae
Brycon
Animalia
Characiformes
133
134
Chordata
species
melanopterus
Megalobrycon melanopterum Cope, 1872: 262–263, pl. 13, fig. 1 ( Typelocality: “Ambyiacu”). Brycon( Megalobrycon) melanopterum: Steindachner, 1876: 590(“Amazonenstrome”). Brycon melanopterum: Fowler, 1907: 447(syntypes, redescription); Amaral Campos, 1950: 142–143 (in part: rio Tapajós); Géry & Mahnert, 1984: 174, 176, fig. 4 (Peru: Rio Mazan, trib. Rio Napo). Brycon melanopterus: Eigenmann, 1910: 430(name amendment); Knöppel, 1970: 268(Lago Calado, Central Amazon; short description; diet); Howes, 1982: 34(literature compilation); Ortega & Vari, 1986: 7(Peru; common name); Barriga, 1991: 14 (Ecuador; common name); Géry & Mahnert, 1992: 794–800, 802, figs. 1 (upper), 5 (Central Amazon; diagnosis; common name; comparison with B. cephalus[= B. amazonicus]); Barriga, 1994: 28 (Parque Nacional Yasuní, rio Napo, Ecuador); Crampton, 1999: 15, 26 (Lago Mamirauá, Alvarães, Amazonas: habitat preferences, diet, common name); Barthem, 1999: 82(fisheries, common name; Alvarães and Tefé, Central Amazon); Bayley, 1988: 131–133, 136 (in part; rio Solimões floodplains, Manaus area; growth rates of young specimens related to density and seasonality); Mérona & Rankin-de-Mérona, 2004: 77(Lago do Rei, Ilha do Careiro, Rio Amazonas: diet); Santos et al., 2006: 38 (retouched picture; description, biology, common name, fishery importance; Manaus area); Bejarano et al., 2006: 362(Río Mesay, Río Caquetá drainage, Colombia: abundance); Blanco-Parra & Bejarano-Rodríguez, 2006: 856–857 (Río Mesay, Río Caquetá drainage, Colombia: diet, reproduction); Galvis et al., 2006: 190–191, 457 (Colombia, Rio Amazonas, Leticia; photograph; drawing; short description); Lima et al., 2013: 230–231 (Brazil, Rondônia, rio Madeira basin; distribution in the rio Madeira basin, short description, photo); Correa& Winemiller, 2014: 214, 217, 219, 220, 221 (Colombia, Depto.Vaupés, Río Apaporis: seasonal variation in diet, diet breadth and overlap with other frugivore fishes).
Brycon hilarii(not Valenciennes, in Cuvier & Valeciennes): La Monte, 1935: 7(“Jurua”; material collected by B. Krukoff, examined). Brycon melampterum(sic): Eigenmann & Allen, 1942: 253–254 (Peru: Yarinococha; Orellana, Rio Ucayali; Rio Pachitea; Pto. Bermudez, Rio Pichis; mouth of Río Pacaya).
Bryconcf. melanopterus: Goulding, 1980: 73–75, fig. 4.7 (diet, migrations, breeding; rio Machado, Rondônia). [not Braum, 1983a: 355–371; Braum, 1983b: 268–269; Werder, 1983: 445–461; Junk et al., 1983: 408, 414, 426–427; Werder & Soares, 1984: 398–416; Lasso, 1992: 11, 22, fig. 2; Piedade et al., 2006: 1176]. Bryconsp.: Piedade et al., 2006: 1176(ingestion of Astrocaryum jauarifruits in the lower Rio Negro, Brazil).
Brycon cephalus(not Günther): Galvis et al., 2006: 457(photo).
Diagnosis.The presence of an oblique, solid dark stripe extending from immediately behind pelvic-fin basis, through anal-fin basis, lower surface of caudal peduncle, middle area of caudal peduncle, to the upper caudal-fin lobe, diagnoses Brycon melanopterusfrom all remaining Bryconspecies, with the exception of B. falcatusand B. amazonicus. Brycon melanopteruscan be diagnosed from the often sympatric B. amazonicusby possessing dark, straight longitudinal stripes formed by pigmentation concentrated on the mid-distal portion of scales (vs. dark, wavy longitudinal stripes formed by dark pigment concentrated on upper and lower scale margins), oblique dark stripe continuous and solid dark (vs. oblique stripe, when present, blurred and not continuous), and paired fins clear (vs. paired fins black). Brycon melanopterusis more similar to B. falcatus, and an unequivocal diagnosis between both species is not possible due to the great polymorphism observed in the latter species. However, typically, Brycon falcatusdoes not present an oblique dark solid stripe, presenting instead a V or crescent-shaped blotch on caudal fin (vs. black pigmentation restricted to the upper caudal-fin lobe in B. melanopterus). Additionaly, Brycon melanopterusis typically a more elongated fish, with higher vertebrae counts. See item “Comparisons”, below, for a more detailed comparison with Brycon falcatus.
Description.Morphometric data are presented in Table 20. Middle-sized species, largest examined specimen 289.1 mmSL. Body moderately slender to moderately high. Largest body height slightly ahead of dorsal-fin origin. Dorsal body profile slightly convex from upper lip margin to vertical through anterior naris, straight to slightly convex from latter point to basis of supraoccipital process, moderately convex from latter point to dorsal-fin origin, straight along dorsal-fin basis, and straight to slightly convex from dorsal-fin basis to adipose-fin origin. Dorsal profile of caudal peduncle slightly concave. Ventral profile slightly convex from lower lip to pelvic-fin insertion, straight to slightly convex from this point to anal-fin origin and approximately straight along anal-fin base. Ventral profile of caudal peduncle slightly concave. TABLE 20.Morphometric data of Brycon melanopterus. n Range Mean Standard length (SL) 91 95.6–289.1 - Percentages of standard length Depth at dorsal-fin origin 89 28.6–39.7 32.5 Snout to dorsal-fin origin 90 46.5–54.7 49.9 Dorsal-fin base length 91 10.3–15.2 12.2 Posterior terminus of dorsal fin to adipose fin 91 20.4–28.3 24.4 Posterior terminus of dorsal fin to hypural joint 91 31.0–41.9 36.0 Snout to pelvic-fin insertion 89 45.4–52.6 48.5 Snout to anal-fin origin 91 64.8–73.1 68.7 Anal-fin base length 91 17.5–24.0 22.2 Caudal peduncle length 91 10.9–18.4 15.1 Dorsal-fin height 90 15.9–25.6 21.4 Pectoral-fin length 90 15.6–21.7 19.0 Pelvic-fin length 87 13.9–21.7 16.5 Caudal peduncle depth 90 8.1–10.1 9.2 Head length 91 23.4–33.2 26.6 Percentages of head length Head height 90 73.8–91.3 82.3 Snout length 91 26.1–38.5 31.9 Upper jaw length 91 42.5–49.0 46.1 Horizontal eye diameter 91 23.1–34.7 28.8 Post-orbital length 91 39.5–48.2 43.3 Least interorbital width 91 31.9–49.2 42.0 Head profile slightly acute anteriorly, snout pointed, mouth terminal. Jaws approximately isognathous to slightly anisognathous, outer row of premaxillary teeth partially exposed when mouth is closed. Maxillary moderately long, extending posteriorly to anterior third of pupil. Adipose eyelid well developed. Premaxillary teeth in three rows; teeth of third row largest. Seven (2), 8 (7), 9 (12), 10 (31), 11 (14), 12 (13), or 13 (7) relatively small tricuspidate teeth in outer series. Four (26), 5 (48), 6 (15), or 7 (2) tri- to pentacuspidate teeth in second, inner premaxillary row, plus 3 (21), 4 (61), or 5 (9) tricuspidate teeth between the first and third rows. Two teeth in third premaxillary row, medial teeth largest, symphyseal teeth smaller, slightly tilted towards each other, both pentacuspidate. Maxillary margins approximately parallel, straight in profile. Fifteen to 26 maxillary teeth, slightly smaller than teeth of first premaxillary row, anterior teeth tricuspidate, posterior teeth unicuspidate. Dentary with 8 (3), 9 (8), 10 (17), 11 (8), 12 (8), 13 (4), or 14 (1) teeth in main series. Anterior four dentary teeth assymetrical, considerably larger and bulkier than remaining teeth, pentacuspidate, each with central cusp distinctly larger than remaining cusps. Remaining dentary teeth progressivelly smaller, penta- to unicuspidate. Inner (lingual) series consisting of a small, single unicuspid symphyseal tooth, situated immediately posterior to symphyseal dentary teeth of main series, plus row of 21–24 small, aciculated, unicuspidate teeth, originating on lingual crest of dentary replacement trench at the level of fifth to sixth main series dentary teeth. Scales cycloid. Lateral line complete, from supracleithrum to caudal-fin base. Fifty-four (1), 56 (2), 57 (1), 60 (1), 61 (8), 62 (8), 63 (13), 64 (9), 65 (19), 66 (14), 67 (7), 68 (5), or 70 (2) scales in lateral line series. Laterosensory tube simple in specimens smaller than 100 mmSL, ramified in specimens larger than 100 mmSL. Tubules ramification increasing in complexity along ontogeny, specimens up to 150 mmSL with tubules with two or three branches, three to six branches in specimens between 150–250 mmSL, and with more than 10 branches and developing a dendritic pattern of ramification, with tubules often overlapping each other in larger (> 270 mmSL) specimens. Horizontal scale rows between dorsal-fin origin and lateral line 11 (2), 12 (20), 13 (56), 14 (10), or 15 (2). Horizontal scale rows between lateral line and pelvic-fin 5 (8), 6 (46), 7 (32), or 8 (4). Circumpeduncular scales 18 (1), 19 (12), 20 (20), 21 (31), 22 (21), or 23 (5). Dorsal-fin rays ii, 9. Dorsal fin origin slightly ahead middle of SL. First dorsal-fin pterygiophore inserting behind neural spine of 12th (1) vertebra. Anal-fin rays iii (not including first, small unbranched ray only visible in cs specimens), 19 (3), 20 (2), 21 (11), 22 (29), 23 (27), 24 (13), or 25 (2). First anal-fin pterygiophore inserting behind haemal spine of 24th (1) vertebra. Anal-fin rays decreasing only slightly in size towards anal-fin end. Sheath of scales covering basis of anal-fin rays composed of four scale rows, lower scale row formed by 19–23 rectangular scales. Pectoral-fin rays i, 11 (1), 12 (28), 13 (51), or 14 (11). Pelvic-fin rays typically i, 7 (87), rarely i, 5 (10), or i, 8 (3). Main caudal-fin rays 10/9. Caudal fin forked. Laterosensory tube extending over interradial membrane between upper and lower caudal-fin lobes to the distal portion of fin. Laterosensory tube on caudal fin with dorsally and ventrally oriented side branches across its length. FIGURE 78. Brycon melanopterus, lectotype, ANSP 8035, 142.6 mm SL: Peru, Loreto, Río Ampyiacu. Photo by M.W. Littmann. FIGURE 79. Brycon melanopterus, INPA 5566, 224.5 mm SL: Brazil, Pará, lago Abuí. FIGURE 80. Brycon melanopterus, MZUSP 56948, 146.9 mm SL: Brazil, Amazonas, igarapé da Cachoeira. FIGURE 81. Brycon melanopterus, NRM 23395, 114.7 mm SL: Peru, Loreto, Río Samiria. FIGURE 82. Brycon melanopterus, MZUSP 15267, 67.0 mm SL: Peru, Loreto, Río Amazonas. Four branchiostegal rays, three on anterior ceratohyal and one on posterior ceratohyal. First branchial arch with 11 (5), 12 (6), 13 (12), 14 (4), or 15 (5) lower, 1 at angle, and 9 (2), 11 (8), 12 (15), 13 (6), or 14 (2) upper gill rakers. Vertebrae 45 (2). Supraneurals 9 (1). Coloration in alcohol.Top of head, snout, supraorbital, and sixth infraorbital light-grey to light-brown. Dorsal portion of body light-grey to dark-brown. Second, third, fourth, and fifth infraorbitals, and opercle silvery in specimens that retained guanine, light-brown in specimens that lost this pigment due to a long storage in formalin. Dentary, maxillary, gular area, and lower portion of body light-brown. Lateral portion of body silvery in specimens that retained guanine, light brown in specimens that lost this pigment due to a long storage in formalin. Humeral blotch present, slightly to moderately conspicuous, approximately rounded in shape, situated immediately above lateral line, its anterior margin at level of second, extending longitudinally to posterior margin of fifth to sixth lateral line scales, and vertically one and half scales high. Scales on lateral portions of body with dark pigment concentrated on their central portion, forming dark, straight longitudinal stripes, more conspicuous dorsally. Series of irregular, narrow vertical stripes present in small (up to 100 mmSL) specimens. Dark, solid, oblique dark stripe extending in most specimens from immediately behind pelvic-fin basis, through anal-fin basis, lower surface of caudal peduncle, middle area of caudal peduncle, to the upper caudal-fin lobe. Some specimens (most of them obviously faded) with dark stripe starting only at anal-fin origin. Lower caudal-fin rays, dorsal and anal-fins clear, with a variable amount of interradial dark pigmentantion. Adipose-fin light- to dark-grey. Color in life.Based on pictures of specimens collected in tributaries of the Rïo Ucayali at Zona Reservada Sierra del Divisor, Ucayali, Río Pacaya, Reserva Nacional Pacaya Samíria, Loreto, Peru, and Río Mesay, Río Caquetá basin, Colombia. Snout and top of head grey. Overall gound color clear, with a silvery hue, coppery on dorsum. Oblique dark stripe extending from pelvic-fin basis to upper lobe of caudal fin very conspicuous. Adipose fin and middle caudal-fin rays with some yellowish pigmentation, remaining fins translucent. Common names.Brazil: “ matrinchão”, rio Madeira basin, Rondônia; “jatuarana”, Manaus and Tefé regions, Amazonas ( Goulding, 1980; Borges, 1986; Géry & Mahnert, 1992; Crampton, 1999; Santos et al., 2006). Both names are also applied, but with an inverse usage, to Brycon amazonicuson those same regions (see under “Common names” of B. amazonicus). Tefé region: “gogota” ( Crampton, 1999: 15; Barthem, 1999: 82). Ecuador: “sábalo” (Barriga, 1991: 14). Peru: “sábalo cola negra” ( Ortega & Vari, 1986: 7).
Distribution.Widespread in western Amazon, at the main channel of the Rio Amazonas/Solimões upstream to RíoUcayaliin Peru, Río Napoin Ecuador, and Río Caquetáin Colombia, rio Madeirasystem upstream to the rio Madre de Diosin Peru, and lower rio Negroand rio Branco systems in Brazil( Fig. 83). Additionally, Géry & Mahnert (1992: 798, fig. 5)portrays a Brycon melanopterusspecimen collected in the rio Guaporé at Vila Bela (da Santíssima Trindade), in the upper rio Madeirabasin at Mato Grossostate, Brazil. Comparisons.As noticed in the Diagnosis, an unequivocal diagnosis between Brycon melanopterusand B. falcatusis not possible due to the great range of pigmentary and morphological variation observed in the latter species. While typically Brycon falcatusdoes not possess a solid oblique dark bar extending from pelvic-fin basis to the upper lobe of caudal peduncle as B. melanopterus, presenting instead a black stripe on anal-fin basis not continuous with a V-shaped blotch on caudal-fin and caudal peduncle, some populations of Brycon falcatuspossess a color pattern similar or almost identical to B. melanopterus. Brycon melanopterusand B. falcatusare however largely alopatric, occurring sympatrically only at the western Amazon (where B. falcatusis very local) and at the lower rio Negroand rio Branco basins. Populations of Brycon falcatusfrom western Amazon in Braziland Peru, sympatric and in some cases collected syntopically with B. melanopterus(INHS 106468, INHS 106470, MZUSP 17530, MZUSP 99213), are very similar to the latter species since they have a reduced amount or lack entirely dark pigmentation on the lower caudal-fin lobe. However, unlike Brycon melanopterus, these specimens possess what could be called an interrupted oblique dark stripe, since the blotch in the caudal peduncle and caudal fin is not continuous with the dark stripe at the basis of anal fin (compare Figs. 5I and L). Also, although there is a great overlap in morphometric data, Brycon melanopterusis generally a more elongated fish (28.6–39.7, mean 32.5 % of SL, vs. 28.8–42.8, mean 36.4 in B. falcatus), with a shallower head (73.8–91.3, mean 82.3 % of HL, vs. 76.7–1.14, mean 90.6 in B. falcatus) than B. falcatus. The fact that Brycon melanopterusis more elongated than B. falcatusis also reflected in its higher vertebrae counts when compared with the latter species (45, n = 2, vs. 39–44, modally 41, n = 17, respectively). Populations of Brycon falcatusinhabiting the upper rio Negrobasin in Braziland the upper rio Orinoco basin in Venezuelapossess a color pattern that is virtually undistinguishable from the one presented by B. melanopterus, i.e., the oblique bar is continuous from pelvic-fin basis/anal-fin origin to upper lobe of caudal fin. These specimens (MZUSP 91493, MZUSP 91576, FMNH 104026, ANSP 161210, AMNH 93064, AMNH 93065) are here assigned to Brycon falcatusdue to the fact that in overall body shape and vertebrae counts they agree more with the latter species than with B. melanopterus. Brycon melanopterusis apparently absent from the upper rio Negroabove the São Gabriel da Cachoeira rapids ( 0°8’S, 67°5’W), and specimens of the species collected in the lower rio Negroand at the rio Branco are morphologicaly undistinguishable from specimens from the Rio Amazonas/Solimões/ Ucayaliand rio Madeirabasins. Sympatric populations of Brycon falcatusin the middle and lower rio Negrobasin can be readily distinguished from B. melanopterusby possessing dark pigmentation on the lower caudal-fin lobe (though considerably less intense than the dark pigmentation in the upper caudal-fin lobe), and, as all remaining Brycon falcatuspopulations, by not possessing an oblique dark stripe, i.e., the caudal peduncle/ caudal fin blotch is not continuous with the dark stripe at the basis of anal fin.
Ecological notes. Goulding (1980)and Borges (1986)presented information on the ecology of Brycon melanopterus, from respectively the rio Machado (rio Madeirabasin, Rondôniastate, Brazil) and rio Negro( Amazonasstate, Brazil). Goulding (1980: 73–75)reported that the species is less abundant and does not grow as large as the sympatric Brycon amazonicus(his Bryconsp.). Dietary itens found in five stomachs included crushed seeds of Tabebuia barbata(Bignoniaceae), Hevea brasiliensis(Euphorbiaceae), and Mabeasp. ( Euphorbiaceae), as well as terrestrial arthropods and a fish. Since the fishermen does not report schools of Brycon melanopterusmoving in the rio Machado and rio Madeira, Goulding (1980)infered that the species does not undertake longrange, massive reproductive migrations. Borges (1986)reported fruits and seeds as the dominant dietary item in specimens of Brycon melanopterus(his Bryconcf. cephalus) collected in the rio Negro, followed by arthropods, leaves, flowers, mammals and faeces. Mérona & Rankin-de-Mérona (2004: 77)noticed a similar dietary preference for specimens of Brycon melanopteruscollected in a floodplain lake in the Amazon river. Among the fruits and/or seeds ingested in the rio Negroby the species, the most abundant were those belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae(notably Alchornea schomburgkiana), but also Annonaceae(mainly Pseudoxandra polypheba), Lauraceae( Ocoteasp.), and Leguminosae ( Centrosomasp. and Swartziasp.) ( Borges, 1986). Correa& Winemiller (2014)reported that the species switched from fruits and seeds to terrestrial invertebrates as its main dietary item from rainy season to dry season in a site at the lower Río Caquetábasin (= RioJapurá in Brazil) in Colombia.
Remarks.Cope (1871: 262–263) described Megalobrycon melanopterumbased on two specimens collected by J. Hauxwell at the “Ambyiacu”, in his words “an inconsiderable river, which empties into the Amazon near to Pebas, in Eastern Ecuador, some distance east of the Napo”. Currently, the Río Ampyiacu (not “Ambyiacu”) lies in the Departamento Loreto in Peru. Fowler (1907: 447)redescribed the species, based on the type specimens and additional specimens collected by J. Orton (ANSP 21972). He cited the two “co-types” (= syntypes), and designated the largest specimen (ANSP 8035) as the “type” of the species, which can be accepted as a designation of a lectotype (ICZN, 1999, articles 74.3 and 74.5). The identification of the specimens ANSP 8035 and ANSP 8036 as being, respectively, the holotype and paratype of Megalobrycon melanopterum, made by Böhlke (1984: 51)and subsequently followed by some other authors ( Eschmeyer, 1998: 1055; Lima, 2003: 177) is thus incorrect, and these specimens should be henceforward referred as the lectotype and paralectotype of the species. The good illustration of the species present in the original description (Cope, 1871; pl. 13, fig. 1) depicts quite well the oblique, continuous dark stripe extending from anal-fin basis to the upper lobe of caudal fin typical for the species. Possibly due to this fact, and relatively unusually in the history of taxonomy of Brycon, the name B. melanopteruswas generally correctly employed in the literature (e.g., Eigenmann & Allen, 1942; Knöppel, 1970; Goulding, 1980; Géry & Mahnert, 1984, 1992). However, a few misidentifications have occurred in the literature, mainly involving Brycon amazonicus, a largely sympatric species which occasionaly also displays an oblique dark stripe similar to B. melanopterus(see item “Variation” and “Remarks” from B. amazonicus). For example, the examination of the lot identified by Amaral Campos (1950: 142–143) as Brycon melanopterum(MZUSP 3574) revealed that it was actually composed by both B. melanopterusand B. amazonicus. Also, Howes (1982: 20)incorrectly supposed that the specimen identified by Goulding (1980: 74, fig. 4.7)as Brycon melanopteruswas a misidentification of B. amazonicus(his B. cephalus), when in fact Goulding (1980)has correctly identified the species.
Materialexamined. Typematerial: ANSP8035( 1, 142.6 mmSL): “ Ecuador, Ambyiacu River” [= Peru, Depto. Loreto, Río Ampyiacu, trib. Río Amazonas, c. 3°21’S, 71°47’W]; J. Hauxwell, no date. Lectotypeof Megalobrycon melanopterumCope, designated by Fowler(1907: 447). Non types. Brazil, Amazonasstate, rio Amazonas/ Solimõesbasin: MCZ21088 ( 1, 152.4 mmSL): Lago Máximo, near Parintins, 2°40’S, 56°45’W; L. Agassiz et al., 27–30 Aug 1865. MZUSP13429( 1, 280.6 mmSL): Itacoatiara, rio Amazonas, c. 3°9’S, 58°27’W; N. Smith, 29 Sept 1977. MNHN1996-1087( 1, 171.5 mmSL): RioUrubu, cachoeira Lindóia, c. 2°37’S, 59°22’W; M. Jégu, 23 Sept 1993. MZUSP6090( 1, 181.2 mmSL): lago Puraquequara, rio Puraquequaramouth, 3°2’S, 59°47’W; EPA, 17–19 Apr 1967. INPA16366( 1, 167.5 mmSL): rio Amazonas, Paranádo Rei, Ilhado Careiro, c. 3°6’S, 59°49’W; C. Cox Fernandes, 17 Sept 1986. INPA 16372 (3, 86.1–185.1 mmSL); INPA16385(2, 119.8– 127.2 mmSL): rio Amazonas, Ilhado Careiro, c. 3°6’S, 59°49’W; –Eq. Ictiologia/INPA, June–Oct 1986. MCZ21087 ( 1, 127.8 mmSL): Paranádo Janauari, 3°12’S, 60°5’W; L. Agassiz, 27–29 Oct 1865. USNM 306848 (5, 70.2–101.8); USNM309178( 1, 124.7 mmSL): Lago Janauari, c. 3°12’S, 60°5’W; P. Bayley, June–July 1977. INPA 13298 (3, 30.3–52.2 mmSL); INPA 13304 (3, 47.5–65.4 mmSL); INPA16353(2, 61.8–67.7 mmSL; INPA13322(8, 47.3–66.0 mm SL): rio Solimões, Ilhada Marchantaria, c. 3°14’S, 59°55’W; P. Petry & R. Sotero, Jan 1993. INPA 16347 (5, 89.0– 97.1 mmSL); INPA16453(2, 44.6–58.2 mmSL): rio Solimões, Ilhada Marchantaria, c. 3°14’S, 59°55’W; Eq. Ictiologia/INPA, 1976–1981. USNM 307013 (1, 73.1 mmSL); USNM 307012 (1, 73.1 mmSL); USNM 307011 (2, 68.9–75.9 mmSL); USNM 307005 (3, 57.4–74.8 mmSL); USNM229140(2, 67.8–75.7 mmSL): Ilhada Marchantaria, c. 3°14’S, 59°55’W; P. Bayley, Jan–Apr 1978. MZUSP 18693 ( 1, 129.2 mmSL); MZUSP18699(1, 46.7 mmSL): Lago Janauacáand surroundings, rio Solimões, c. 3°24’S, 60°17’W; Alpha Helix Exp., Sept 1976— Jan 1977. MZUSP 75566 (3, 93.3– 106.8 mmSL); USNM 307073 (3, 99.8–121.4 mmSL); USNM229075( 1, 115.2 mmSL): Lago Murumuru, into Lago Janauacá, c. 3°24’S, 60°17’W; P. Bayley, 28 Sept 1977. MCP27932 (1, 70.5 mmSL): Lago Murumuru, into Lago Janauacá, c. 3°24’S, 60°17’W; P. Bayley, 31 Aug 1977. MZUSP6626(12, 110.3– 132.7 mmSL): igarapé trib. lago Manacapuru, c. 3°19’S, 60°50’W; EPA, 13 Nov 1967. MZUSP5880( 1, 241.6 mmSL): Lago Manacapuru, c. 3°19’S, 60°50’W; EPA, 26–27 March 1967. MCZ21095 ( 1, 153.2 mmSL): Lago Grande de Manacapuru, 3°6’S, 61°30’W; W. James, Nov–Dec 1865. MCZ21085 (2, 122.1–213.0 mm SL): RioSolimões at Tefé, 3°24’S, 64°45’W; L. Agassiz et al., Oct 1865. MCP29772 ( 1, 123.8 mmSL): Tefé, mouth of igarapé Açu, 3° 24’52’’S, 64° 48’7’’W; W.G.R. Crampton, 21 Jan 1999. MCP29773 ( 1, 118.9 mmSL): Alvarães, Lago Mamirauá, comunidade Boca do Lago Mamirauá, 3° 6’37’’S, 64° 47’49’’W; W.G.R. Crampton, 1 Nov 1997. MCP29974 (2, 142.8– 148.5 mmSL): Alvarães, between Lago Secretário and Lago Mamirauáchannel, 3° 6’58’’S, 64°47’49’’W; W.G.R. Crampton, Oct 1993. INPA 19117 ( 1, 119.3 mmSL); MCP29975 ( 1, 136.2 mmSL): Lago Amanã, mouth of igarapé Baré, 2°28’S, 64°43’W; W.G.R. Crampton, 18 Dec 1997. MZUSP17616(2, 221.0–235.0 mm SL): igarapé n°1, Fonte Boa, 2°30’S, 66°4’W; EPA, 25 Oct 1968. MZUSP56498(3, 146.9–177.0 mm SL): igarapé da Cachoeira, Cuiauá, rio Içá, left margin, c. 3°0’S, 69°2’W; EPA, 18 Oct 1968. MZUSP27331( 1, 104.4 mmSL): Tabatinga, rio Solimões, Lago Caial, c. 4°21’S, 69°52’W; L.P.S. Portugal, 8 Oct 1982. Amazonasstate, rio Uatumãbasin: INPA16409( 1, 184.1 mmSL): igarapé Água Branca, trib. rio Pitinga(trib. rio Uatumã), c. 0°52’S, 59°27’W; Eq. Ictiologia/ INPA, 17 April 1983. INPA 16355 (2, 194.6–267,0 mm CP), Balbina, cachoeira do Boto; Rômulo & Walter, 29 Oct 1987. INPA5510( 1, 236.4 mmSL): rio Uatumã, Água Branca; S. Amadio, May 1985. Amazonasstate, rio Negrobasin: INPA15730( 1, 174.2 mmSL): rio Tarumã-Açú, igarapé Tarumãzinho, BR- 174, km 28, 2°43’51’’S, 60°4’88’’W; A. Kirovsky, 10 Sept 1993. MZUSP6191(3, 192.7– 208.9 mmSL): igarapé Jaraqui, trib. rio Negro, above Manaus; EPA, 22–24 April 1967. MZUSP56810( 1, 148.4 mmSL): Anavilhanas, Lago do Prato, Paraná, c. 2°45’S, 60°48’W; G. Borges, Sept 1981. MZUSP 57032 ( 1, 144.1 mmSL); MZUSP57031(13, 230.1– 274.9 mmSL): Anavilhanas, rio Negro, c. 2°51’S, 60°38’W; G. Borges, May 1982. MZUSP56783( 1, 228.3 mmSL): rio Negro, Anavilhanas(igapó), c. 2°51’S, 60°38’W; M. Goulding, May 1980. MZUSP56786(2, 144.6– 161.7 mmSL): Anavilhanas, igapó, c. 2°51’S, 60°38’W; G. Borges, March 1981. INPA 16378 (2, 163.8– 170.9 mmSL): rio Negro, Ponta da Piraíba; Eq. Ictiologia/ INPA, 15 Aug 1985. Amazonasstate, rio Madeirabasin: MZUSP58693(3, 120.0– 140.3 mmSL): rio Canumã, c. 4°2’S, 59°6’W; EPA, 28–29 Nov 1967. Amazonasstate, rio Juruábasin: AMNH12553( 1, 210.2 mmSL): mouth of rio Envira(trib. RioTarauacá), near Envira, 7°30’S, 70°4’W; B. A. Krukoff, 1935. Rondôniastate, rio Madeirabasin: MZUSP14027(2, 219.2– 273.1 mmSL): Lago Cururu, rio Machado, c. 8°4’S, 62°53’W; M. Goulding, April 1978. INPA16446(3, 202.2– 247.7 mmSL): rio Jamari, below Samueldam (igapó), c. 8°38’S, 63°31’W; G.M. Santos, 27 March 1986. INPA 16441 ( 1, 289.1 mmSL); INPA16445(1, 234.0 mm SL): rio Jamari, above Samueldam, c. 9°30’S, 63°7’W; G.M. Santos, Dec 1984. INPA16360( 1, 149.3 mmSL): rio Jamari, c. 5 kmabove Samueldam; G.M. Santos, 14 June 1988. INPA16434( 1, 200.8 mmSL): rio Machado, c. 20 kmbelow Ji-Paraná, c. 10°46’S, 61°54’W; G.M. Santos, 3 Jul 1984. Mato Grossostate, rio Madeirabasin: MZUSP60398(1, 146.0 mm SL): Aripuanã, rio Aripuanã, ferry on road Colniza/ Panelas, 9°34’45’’S, 59°25’19’’W; F. A. Machado et al., 22–23 July 1997. MZUSP77403( 1, 128.8 mmSL): Panelas, rio Roosevelt, above falls, 9°11’S, 60°44’W; F. A. Machado et al., 17–18 July 1997. Roraimastate, rio Brancobasin: MZUSP56779(4, 204.7– 227.9 mmSL); MZUSP31447( 1, 234.1 mmSL): Caracaraí, rio Branco, cachoeira do Bem Querer, tributary 2 kmabove rapids, 1°58’N, 61°0’W; M.Goulding, Jan 1984. Parástate, rio Trombetasbasin: MZUSP5455( 1, 155.2 mmSL); MZUSP58651( 1, 132.7 mmSL): Oriximiná, rio Trombetas, 1°45’S, 55°52’W; EPA, Dec 1967. MZUSP56780( 1, 167.8 mmSL): rio Trombetas, Cuminá, c. 1°29’S, 56°1’W; M.Goulding, Oct–Nov 1983. INPA5566( 1, 224.5 mmSL): rio Trombetas, Lago Abuí, 1°16’S, 56°57’W; E. Ferreira& J. Zuanon, 1 Sept 1990. Parástate, rio Amazonasbasin: MPEG14124( 1, 163.1 mmSL): Juruti, rio Amazonas, lago Jará, 2°9’19’’S, 56°4’6’’W; L.F. A. Montag, 1 Dec 2007. MPEG13977(2, 156.6–158.0 mm SL): Juruti, rio Juruti Grande, 2°22’55,1’’S, 56°18’51.6’’W; L.F. A. Montag, 27 Nov 2007. MZUSP3574(3, 127.5– 141.9 mmSL): Santarém, rio Tapajós, c. 2°25’S, 54°45’W; A. Amaral Campos, Oct 1944. MNHN1909–070( 1, 115.1 mmSL): Santarém, “fleuve Amazone”, c. 2°25’S, 54°45’W; C. Jobert, no date. MCZuncat. (3, 255.0–295.0 mm SL): Pará, rio Tapajós[no precise locality]; N. Dexter& W. James, 26 Aug 1865. Acrestate, rio Juruábasin: ZUEC6800(1, 223.0 mm SL): Cruzeiro do Sul, mouth of rio Moá, 7°39’28’’S, 72°40’38’’W; G.V. Andrade, 2 June 1982. Peru, Depto. Loreto, rio Amazonasbasin: MZUSP15267(3, 51.1– 67.0 mm SL): Santa Maria Hojeal, Río Amazonas; M.V. Correa, 26 May 1980. CAS 136581 (1, 82.3 mmSL); CAS 160517(1, 88.7 mmSL); CAS 160753( 1, 118.2 mmSL); CAS 53426 (1, 92.0 mm SL); CAS 136580 (1, 89.2 mmSL); CAS136579(2, 127.3– 127.6 mmSL): Canodel Shansho, near Pebas, c. 3°21’S, 71°47’W; W.G. Scherer, 1936–1937. CAS 117266 (1, 95.3 mmSL); CAS 160574(1, 90.0 mm SL): RioAmpyiacu, near Pebas, c. 3°21’S, 71°47’W; W.G. Scherer, 1937–1940. MNRJ4008( 1, 100.2 mmSL): near Pevas(= Pebas, c. 3°21’S, 71°47’W); W.G. Scherer, 1941. USNM175983(2, 141.7– 156.3 mmSL): Tuye Caño, RíoAmpyiacu drainage; W.G. Scherer, 17 Aug 1935. NRM23399 ( 1, 107.3 mmSL): just below Esperanza village, mouth area of small quebrada tributary to RíoYaguasyacu, RíoAmbyacu drainage, c. 3°21’S, 71°47’W; S.O. Kullander et al., 12 Aug 1981. USNM 280505( 1, 110.8 mmSL): caño entering RíoManite 10 kmupriver its mouth on Río Amazonas, 3°32’S, 72°40’W; R.P. Vari et al., 21 Aug 1986. USNM280051( 1, 126.2 mmSL): RíoNanay at Nanaybeach, 3°50’S, 73°11’W; R.P. Vari et al., 17 Aug 1986. MUSM60(2, 116.6– 129.3 mmSL): Iquitos, RíoNanay, PortoAlmondras; H. Ortega& A. Urteaga, 6 Jul 1984. NRM23668( 1, 113.8 mmSL): Quebrada Corrientillo, 20 kmfrom Iquitoson road to Puerto Almenda, c. 3°50’S, 73°13’W; S.O Kullander et al., 18 Aug 1983. MUSM1978(6, 112.3– 117.7 mmSL): Iquitos, Quebrada Corrientillo, at Corrientillo, road Iquitosto RíoNanay, 3°49’57’’S, 73°21’43’’W; R.P. Vari et al., 19 Aug 1986. INHS uncat. ( 1, 102.8 mmSL); INHS44000(4, 93.5–119.2 mmSL): RíoNanay, Pampa Chica, 3°45’1’’S, 73°17’0’’W; M.H. Sabaj et al., 22–27 Jul 1997. ANSP136819(3, 97.5–116.4 mmSL): Iquitos, RíoNanay just above Cocha Moronona(c. 9 milesabove mouth at Río Amazonas); M. Holm, 17 Oct 1955. ANSP178408( 1, 128.2 mmSL): Río Amazonas, sandy beach upstream mouth of RíoYanuyacu, 4°14’1’’S, 73°19’14’’W; M.H. Sabaj et al., 11 Aug 2001. NRM23397 (4, 104.3–107.0 mm SL): Varillalpool, RíoItaya drainage, c. 4°13’S, 73°29’W; S.O.Kullander et al., 4 Jul 1986. NRM 23673 (1, 99.3 mmSL): Quebrada Pintoyacu, where crossed by carretera Iquitos-Nauta; S.O. Kullander et al., 3 July 1986. NRM23398 (2, 95.6– 105.1 mmSL): pools near Quebrada Tocón Grandeat km 33 on carretera Iquitos-Nauta, RíoItaya drainage, c.. 4°2’S, 73°26’W; S.O. Kullander et al., 3 July 1986. MUSM 34 ( 1, 109.4 mmSL): Hucuyhuasi Shante, Iquitos; F. Benitez, 19 May 1975. MUSM12744(5, 109.2– 111.4 mmSL): Yanayacu, Base3, Pluripetrol, RíoShiriyacu, 4°51’S, 74°56’W; H. Ortega, 10 Oct 1997. MUSM18388(2, 226.4– 226.9 mmSL): RíoPaztaza, near mouth of Quebrada Asnagra, 3°17’23’’S, 76°23’3’’W; H. Ortega et al., 5 Aug 1999. NRM23395 ( 1, 114.7 mmSL): Base Tacsha, left bank sand playa of RíoSamíria, c. 4°41’S, 74°20’W; S.O. Kullander et al., 8 Aug 1986. CAS69078 (ex IU 16021) (2, 143.8– 146.9 mmSL): Yarinococha(= Llarinococha), shallow, clear cutoff lake connected to RioPacaya by a long, narrow channel, c. 5°9’S, 74°11’W; W.R. Allen, 1 Sept 1920. MUSM18268(1, 122.0 mm SL): Cocha San Pablo, Tipishca, Comunidade Sucre; H. Ortega et al., 15 April 2001. MUSM10892(1, 86.8 mmSL): RíoChambira, Comunidad San Juan, c. 4°36’S, 74°52’W; E. Castro, 14 March 1997. MUSM2660( 1, 117.3 mmSL): Iquitos, Tipishcadel RíoSamíria, c. 4°52’S, 74°22’W; C. Riofrio et al., 23 Nov 1989. USNM167787(2, 145.0– 159.2 mmSL): mouth of RíoPacaya at Bretaña, c. 5°13’S, 74°18’W; W.R. Allen, Jul 1920. USNM167789(2, 125.9– 151.2 mmSL): RíoUcayali, Orellana, 6°55’S, 65°9’W; W.R. Allen, Aug 1920. Depto. Ucayali: MZUSP26644(2, 128.1– 138.2 mmSL): Ucayali, Pucallpa, Ivita (stocked from specimens collected at Iquitos); H.Ortega, 9 Sept 1976. MUSM22(3, 56.6–88.5 mmSL): same locality data as previous; H. Ortega, 28 Sept 1972. MUSM 3572 ( 1, 125.7 mmSL): Pucallpa, IVITA, RíoNeshuya, Campo Verde; C. Rojas& G. Contreras, 24 Dec 1981. MUSM53( 1, 159.3 mmSL): Pucallpa, Patria Nueva, Río Callerianear mouth of RíoUcayali, 8°31’S, 74°35’W; H. Ortega, 4 Oct 1984. AMNH 43314 (2, 61.1–62.8 mmSL); MUSM2377(2, 59.7–68.3 mmSL): RíoUcayali, Masisea, 8°35’S, 74°20’W; H. Ortega, 20–23 Nov 1973. Depto. Pasco: USNM167788( 1, 163.4 mmSL): RíoPichis (trib. RíoPachítea), Puerto Bermudez, c. 10°18’S, 74°56’W; W.R. Allen, Jul 1920. USNM167790(2, 138.5– 187.2 mmSL): RíoPachitea; W.R. Allen, Jul 1920. Depto. Madre de Dios: USNM263993( 1, 269.9 mmSL): stream trib. Río Madre de Dios, 10 kmbelow mouth of RíoTambopata, c. 12°30’S, 69°10’W; R.P. Vari et al., 25 Aug 1983. MUSM9654( 1, 184.8 mmSL): Tambopata, Lago Valencia; C. Cañas, 19 June 1996. Peru, no precise locality: ANSP21972(3, 65.5–74.4 mmSL): “ Peruvian Amazon”; J. Orton, no date. Ecuador: MEPNuncat. (1, 211.0 mm SL): Pastaza, RíoLliquino, 2 kmSE Villano, 01°24'S 77°40'W; R. Barriga& J. Llaney, 2 Sept 1997. MCZ49158 ( 1, 242.7 mmSL): Napo, Río Napoat Coca, 0°28’S, 76°56’W; T.R. Roberts, 28 Nov 1971. FMNH 102253(1, 243.0 mm SL): Napo, RíoLagartococha, 1kmupstream its mouth at RíoAguarico, 0°38’S, 75°15’W; D.J. Stewart et al., 1 Nov 1983. FMNH 102252( 1, 148.5 mmSL): Napo, Río Tiputini, near mouth at Río Napo, 0°49’S, 75°31’W; D.J. Stewart et al., 30 Oct 1981. FMNH103394(1, 293.0 mm SL): LagunaGrande de Cuyabeno and Quebrada de Hormigas, RíoAguarico drainage, 0°0’30’’S, 76°11’30’’W; D.J. Stewart et al., 28 Sept 1983. MEPN10926(1, 244.0 mm SL): Orellana, tributary of Río Tiputini, Pozo Zine; no collector/date specified. MEPN11122(1, 228.0 mm SL): Sucumbios, Río Napoat Garzacocha, 0°30’S, 76°22’W; no collector/date specified.
1425222757
ANSP
J. Hauxwell & Fowler
Ecuador
Material
-3.35
Rio Ampyiacu
1307
-71.78333
Ambyiacu River
139
140
ANSP 8035
2
Loreto
lectotype
1425222752
1865-08-27
1865-08-30
1865-08-27
MCZ
L. Agassiz
Brazil
Non
-2.6666667
Lago Maximo
1307
-56.75
Solimoes
139
140
1
Amazonas
holotype
1425222734
1977-09-29
MZUSP
N. Smith
Brazil
-3.15
Itacoatiara
1307
-58.45
139
140
MZUSP 13429
1
Amazonas
holotype
1425222746
1993-09-23
MNHN
M. Jegu
Brazil
-2.6166668
Lindoia
1307
-59.366665
139
140
MNHN 1996-1087
1
Rio
holotype
1425222753
1967-04-17
1967-04-19
1967-04-17
MZUSP
Brazil
-3.0333333
rio Puraquequara
1307
-59.783333
Puraquequara
139
140
MZUSP 6090
1
Rio
holotype
1425222748
INPA
Iceland
-3.1
Amazonas, Parana
1307
-59.816666
139
140
INPA 16366
1
Amazonas, Parana
holotype
1425222741
[429,1431,1268,1293]
INPA
Iceland
-3.1
Amazonas
1307
-59.816666
139
140
INPA 16385
1
Amazonas
holotype
1425222768
[597,1397,1303,1328]
MCZ
Iceland
-3.2
Parana
1307
-60.083332
139
140
1
Parana
holotype
1425222763
1977-06
1977-07-31
1977-06
USNM
P. Bayley
Iceland
-3.2
Lago Janauari
1307
-60.083332
139
140
USNM 309178
1
Parana
holotype
1425222760
INPA
Iceland
-3.2333333
rio Solimoes
1307
-59.916668
139
140
INPA 16353, INPA 13322
1
holotype
1425222743
INPA
Iceland
-3.2333333
rio Solimoes
1307
-59.916668
139
140
INPA 16453
1
holotype
1425222758
[434,1401,1556,1581]
USNM
Iceland
-3.2333333
Ilha
1307
-59.916668
139
140
USNM 229140
1
holotype
1425222777
1976-09
MZUSP
Alpha Helix Exp.
Iceland
-3.4
rio Solimoes
1307
-60.283333
Lago Janauaca
139
140
MZUSP 18699
1
holotype
1425222756
1977-09-28
USNM
P. Bayley
Iceland
-3.4
Lago Janauaca
1307
-60.283333
Lago Murumuru
139
140
USNM 229075
1
holotype
1425222764
1977-08-31
MCP
P. Bayley
Iceland
-3.4
Lago Janauaca
1307
-60.283333
Lago Murumuru
139
140
1
holotype
1425222740
1967-11-13
MZUSP
Iceland
-3.3166666
Manacapuru
1307
-60.833332
139
140
MZUSP 6626
1
holotype
1425222736
1967-03-26
1967-03-27
1967-03-26
MZUSP
Iceland
-3.3166666
Lago Manacapuru
1307
-60.833332
139
140
MZUSP 5880
1
holotype
1425222780
1865-11
1865-12-31
1865-11
MCZ
Lago Grande de Manacapuru & W. James
Iceland
-3.1
Lago Grande de Manacapuru
1307
-61.5
139
140
1
holotype
1425222774
1865-10
MCZ
L. Agassiz
Iceland
-3.4
Tefe
1307
-64.75
139
140
1
Rio
holotype
1425222775
1999-01-21
MCP
W. G. R. Crampton
Iceland
-3.4144444
Acu
21
-64.80195
Tefe
139
140
1
Rio
holotype
1425222776
1997-11-01
MCP
W. G. R. Crampton
Iceland
Alvaraes
-3.1102777
Boca do Lago Mamiraua
21
-64.79694
Lago Mamiraua
139
140
1
Rio
holotype
1425222767
MCP
W.J. Graca
Iceland
-3.116111
Alvaraes
21
-64.79694
139
140
1
Rio
holotype
1425222762
MCP
W. G. R. Crampton
-2.4666667
Bare
1307
-64.71667
Lago Amana
140
141
1
1425222779
1997-12-18
MZUSP
-2.5
Fonte Boa
1307
-66.066666
140
141
MZUSP 17616
1
1425222771
1968-10-25
MZUSP
da Cachoeira
-3.0
Cuiaua
1307
-69.03333
140
141
MZUSP 56498
1
Ica
1425222782
1968-10-18
MZUSP
Portugal
Tabatinga
-4.35
Lago Caial
1306
-69.86667
rio Solimoes
140
141
MZUSP 27331
1
1425222773
1982-10-08
INPA
Eq. Ictiologia
Portugal
rio Uatuma
-0.8666667
rio Pitinga
1308
-59.45
Agua Branca
140
141
INPA 16409
1
Amazonas
1425222761
[366,1302,404,429]
1987-10-29
INPA
Agua Branca & S. Amadio
Portugal
rio Uatuma
140
141
INPA 5510
1
Amazonas
1425222770
1985-05
Portugal
Amazonas
140
141
1
Amazonas
1425222778
INPA
Portugal
-2.7308333
Tarumazinho
21
-60.09111
rio Taruma-Acu
140
141
INPA 15730
1
rio Negro
1425222772
1993-09-10
MZUSP
Jaraqui
Portugal
A
140
141
MZUSP 6191
1
A
1425222766
[301,659,511,536]
Portugal
rio Negro
140
141
1
rio Negro
1425222794
1967-04-22
1967-04-24
1967-04-22
MZUSP
G. Borges
Portugal
-2.75
Lago do Prato
1307
-60.8
Anavilhanas
140
141
MZUSP 56810
1
Parana
1425222788
MZUSP
G. Borges
Portugal
-2.85
Anavilhanas
1307
-60.633335
140
141
MZUSP 57031
1
rio Negro
1425222784
1982-05
MZUSP
M. Goulding
Portugal
-2.85
Anavilhanas
1307
-60.633335
140
141
MZUSP 56783
1
rio Negro
1425222769
1980-05
MZUSP
G. Borges
Portugal
-2.85
Anavilhanas
1307
-60.633335
140
141
MZUSP 56786
1
rio Negro
1425222783
[421,998,692,717]
INPA
Ponta da Piraiba
Portugal
Ponta da Piraiba
140
141
1
rio Negro
1425222801
1985-08-15
MZUSP
Portugal
-4.0333333
rio Canuma
1307
-59.1
Amazonas
140
141
MZUSP 58693
1
Madeira
1425222781
1967-11-28
1967-11-29
1967-11-28
AMNH
Portugal
rio Jurua
-7.5
Envira
1303
-70.066666
rio Envira
140
141
AMNH 12553
1
Amazonas
1425222790
[470,675,799,824]
Portugal
A
140
141
1
A
1425222765
MZUSP
M. Goulding
Portugal
Rondonia
-8.066667
rio Machado
1302
-62.883335
Lago Cururu
140
141
MZUSP 14027
1
Madeira
1425222759
1978-04
INPA
G. M. Santos
Portugal
-8.633333
Samuel
1301
-63.516666
rio Jamari
140
141
INPA 16446
1
Madeira
1425222805
INPA
G. M. Santos
Portugal
-9.5
Samuel
1299
-63.116665
rio Jamari
140
141
INPA 16445
1
Madeira
1425222800
[241,1335,943,968]
1984-12
INPA
Samuel & G. M. Santos
Portugal
rio Jamari
140
141
INPA 16360
1
Madeira
1425222803
1988-06-14
INPA
G. M. Santos
Portugal
-10.766666
Ji-Parana
1297
-61.9
rio Machado
140
141
INPA 16434
1
Madeira
1425222798
1984-07-03
MZUSP
Portugal
Mato Grosso
-9.579166
rio Aripuana
21
-59.421947
Aripuana
140
141
MZUSP 60398
1
Madeira
1425222792
[816,1016,1052,1077]
Portugal
A
140
141
1
A
1425222787
1997-07-22
1997-07-23
1997-07-22
MZUSP
Portugal
-9.183333
rio Roosevelt
1300
-60.733334
Panelas
140
141
MZUSP 77403
1
A
1425222806
1997-07-17
1997-07-18
1997-07-17
MZUSP
Portugal
rio Branco
140
141
MZUSP 56779
1
Roraima
1425222797
MZUSP
M. Goulding
Portugal
Caracarai
1.9666667
Bem Querer
1307
-61.0
rio Branco
140
141
MZUSP 31447
1
Roraima
1425222807
1984-01
MZUSP
Portugal
rio Trombetas
140
141
MZUSP 5455
1
Para
1425222799
MZUSP
Portugal
-1.75
rio Trombetas
1308
-55.866665
Oriximina
140
141
MZUSP 58651
1
Para
1425222786
1967-12
MZUSP
M. Goulding
Portugal
-1.4833333
Cumina
1308
-56.016666
rio Trombetas
140
141
MZUSP 56780
1
Para
1425222796
1983-10
1983-11-31
1983-10
INPA
E. Ferreira & J. Zuanon
Portugal
-1.2666667
Lago Abui
1308
-56.95
rio Trombetas
140
141
INPA 5566
1
Para
1425222804
1990-09-01
MPEG
Portugal
-2.155278
Jara
21
-56.068333
Juruti
140
141
MPEG 14124
1
Para
1425222795
2007-12-01
MPEG
Portugal
-2.3819723
rio Juruti Grande
1
-56.31433
Juruti
140
141
MPEG 13977
1
A
1425222791
2007-11-27
MZUSP
Portugal
A
140
141
MZUSP 3574
1
A
1425222819
[604,1084,1412,1437]
Portugal
-2.4166667
rio Tapajos
1307
-54.75
140
141
1
Santarem
1425222814
[1096,1315,1412,1437]
Portugal
A
140
141
1
A
1425222808
1944-10
MNHN
C. Jobert
Portugal
-2.4166667
Amazone
1307
-54.75
140
141
MNHN 1909-070
1
Santarem
1425222793
1865-08-26
MCZ
N. Dexter & W. James
Portugal
rio Tapajos
140
141
1
Para
1425222811
ZUEC
G. V. Andrade
Portugal
-7.657778
rio Moa
21
-72.67722
rio Jurua
140
141
ZUEC 6800
1
Acre
1425222836
1982-06-02
MZUSP
Santa Maria Hojeal
Peru
rio Amazonas
140
141
MZUSP 15267
1
Loreto
1425222802
[544,857,1592,1616]
M.M. Vaz
Peru
Rio Amazonas
140
141
1
Rio Amazonas
1425222812
[210,1432,1663,1688]
CAS
W. G. Scherer
Peru
Cano
-3.35
Pebas
1307
-71.78333
Shansho
140
141
CAS 136579
1
Rio Amazonas
1425222789
CAS
W. G. Scherer
Peru
-3.35
Pebas
1307
-71.78333
140
141
CAS 160574
1
Rio
1425222785
1937
1940
1937
MNRJ
W. G. Scherer
Peru
-3.35
Pebas
1307
-71.78333
Pevas
140
141
MNRJ 4008
1
Rio
1425222831
[383,1432,1772,1797]
USNM
Tuye Cano & W. G. Scherer
Peru
Rio
140
141
USNM 175983
1
Rio
1425222825
1935-08-17
NRM
Peru
Esperanza village
140
141
1
Rio
1425222827
[387,1340,1844,1869]
1981-08-12
S. O. Kullander
Peru
-3.35
Rio
1307
-71.78333
140
141
1
Rio
1425222824
USNM
R. P. Vari
Peru
-3.5333333
Rio
1307
-72.666664
140
141
USNM 280505
1
Rio
1425222820
1986-08-21
USNM
R. P. Vari
Peru
-3.8333333
Nanay
1307
-73.183334
140
141
USNM 280051
1
Rio
1425222813
[276,1075,1952,1977]
1986-08-17
MUSM
Iquitos
Peru
Rio
140
141
MUSM 60
1
Rio
1425222826
1984-07-06
NRM
H. Ortega & S. O Kullander
Peru
Quebrada Corrientillo
141
142
-3.8333333
Puerto Almenda
1307
-73.21667
Iquitos
140
141
1
Porto
1425222822
1983-08-18
MUSM
R. P. Vari
Peru
Iquitos
-3.8325
Corrientillo
21
-73.361946
Quebrada Corrientillo
141
142
MUSM 1978
1
Rio
1425222829
INHS
M. H. Sabaj
Peru
-3.7502778
Pampa Chica
21
-73.28333
141
142
INHS 44000
1
Rio
1425222823
1997-07-22
1997-07-27
1997-07-22
ANSP
Iquitos & Cocha Moronona & M. Holm
Peru
Rio
141
142
ANSP 136819
1
Rio
1425222810
1955-10-17
ANSP
M. H. Sabaj
Peru
-4.233611
Rio Amazonas
21
-73.32056
141
142
ANSP 178408
1
Rio Amazonas
1425222817
2001-08-11
NRM
S. O. Kullander
Peru
-4.2166667
Varillal
1306
-73.48333
141
142
1
Rio
1425222835
1986-07-03
NRM
S. O. Kullander
Peru
-4.0333333
Iquitos-Nauta
1307
-73.433334
Quebrada Tocon Grande
141
142
1
Rio
1425222821
1975-05-19
MUSM
H. Ortega
Peru
Yanayacu
-4.85
Pluripetrol
1306
-74.933334
Base
141
142
MUSM 12744
1
Rio
1425222816
1997-10-10
MUSM
H. Ortega
Peru
-3.2897222
Quebrada Asnagra
21
-76.38416
141
142
MUSM 18388
1
Rio
1425222845
1999-08-05
NRM
S. O. Kullander
Peru
-4.6833334
Base Tacsha
1306
-74.333336
141
142
1
Rio
1425222838
1986-08-08
CAS
W. R. Allen
Peru
-5.15
Llarinococha
1305
-74.183334
Yarinococha
141
142
1
Rio
1425222833
1920-09-01
MUSM
Cocha San Pablo & Tipishca & H. Ortega
Peru
Sucre
141
142
MUSM 18268
1
Sucre
1425222818
2001-04-15
MUSM
Peru
Rio
141
142
MUSM 10892
1
Rio
1425222834
[325,926,799,824]
E. Castro
Peru
-4.6
Comunidad San Juan
1306
-74.86667
141
142
1
Comunidad San Juan
1425222860
1997-03-14
MUSM
C. Riofrio
Peru
-4.866667
Tipishca
1306
-74.36667
Iquitos
141
142
MUSM 2660
1
Rio
1425222830
1989-11-23
USNM
W. R. Allen
Peru
-5.2166667
Rio
1305
-74.3
141
142
USNM 167787
1
Rio
1425222841
1920-07
USNM
Peru
Rio Ucayali
141
142
USNM 167789
1
Rio Ucayali
1425222815
[630,1228,908,933]
1920-08
W. R. Allen
Peru
-6.9166665
Orellana
1303
-65.15
141
142
1
Orellana
1425222809
MZUSP
Peru
Depto. Ucayali
141
142
MZUSP 26644
1
Depto. Ucayali
1425222856
H. Ortega
Peru
Ucayali
141
142
1
Ucayali
1425222849
[268,1270,980,1005]
1976-09-09
MUSM
H. Ortega
Peru
Ucayali
141
142
MUSM 22
1
Ucayali
1425222852
[640,1343,1015,1040]
IVITA
Campo Verde & C. Rojas & G. Contreras
Peru
Rio
141
142
1
Rio
1425222851
1981-12-24
MUSM
H. Ortega
Peru
Pucallpa
-8.516666
Rio Calleria
1301
-74.583336
Patria Nueva
141
142
MUSM 53
1
Rio Ucayali
1425222848
1973-11-20
1973-11-23
1973-11-20
MUSM
H. Ortega
Peru
-8.583333
Masisea
1301
-74.333336
141
142
MUSM 2377
1
Rio Ucayali
1425222837
USNM
Peru
Pasco
141
142
USNM 167788
1
Pasco
1425222850
1920-07
USNM
W. R. Allen
Peru
-10.3
Puerto Bermudez
1298
-74.933334
141
142
USNM 167790
1
Rio
1425222847
[450,941,1196,1221]
1920-07
W. R. Allen
Peru
Depto
141
142
1
Rio
1425222855
USNM
Peru
Madre de Dios
141
142
USNM 263993
1
Madre de Dios
1425222846
1983-08-25
MUSM
R. P. Vari & Tambopata & Lago Valencia & C. Canas
Peru
-12.5
Rio Madre de Dios
1293
-69.166664
141
142
MUSM 9654
1
Rio
1425222832
1996-06-19
ANSP
Peruvian Amazon & J. Orton
Peru
Peru
141
142
ANSP 21972
1
1425222843
MEPN
Ecuador
Ecuador
141
142
1
1425222859
[438,525,1341,1364]
Ecuador
Pastaza
141
142
1
Pastaza
1425222844
1997-09-02
MCZ
R. Barriga & J. Llaney
Ecuador
-1.4
Villano
1308
-77.666664
141
142
1
Rio
1425222842
[599,662,1377,1400]
Ecuador
Napo
141
142
1
Napo
1425222868
[677,1432,1375,1400]
1971-11-28
T. R. Roberts
Ecuador
-0.46666667
Coca
1308
-76.933334
141
142
1
Napo
1425222861
[151,625,1412,1437]
FMNH
Ecuador
Napo
141
142
FMNH 102253
1
Napo
1425222853
1983-11-01
D. J. Stewart
Ecuador
-0.6333333
Rio
1308
-75.25
141
142
1
Rio
1425222840
[623,1076,1447,1472]
FMNH
Ecuador
Napo
141
142
FMNH 102252
1
Napo
1425222858
1981-10-30
FMNH
D. J. Stewart
Ecuador
-0.81666666
Rio Tiputini
1308
-75.51667
141
142
FMNH 103394
1
Napo
1425222882
Quebrada de Hormigas
Ecuador
Laguna
141
142
1
Laguna
1425222862
[590,1338,1519,1544]
D. J. Stewart
Ecuador
-0.008333334
Rio
21
-76.191666
141
142
1
Rio
1425222871
1983-09-28
MEPN
Pozo Zine
Ecuador
Rio Tiputini
141
142
MEPN 10926
1
Orellana
1425222839
[151,690,1591,1616]
MEPN
Ecuador
Sucumbios
141
142
MEPN 11122
1
Sucumbios
1425222828
Ecuador
-0.5
Garzacocha
1308
-76.36667
141
142
1
Napo