Senecio racemosus var. glaber Candolle (1838a: 358) Senecio cyri Koch (1851: 362) Senecio thyrsophorus Koch (1851: 362) Senecio racemosus var. araxina Trautvetter (1873: 550) Senecio racemosus var. latronum Boissier (1875: 402) Senecio racemosus var. schelkovnikovii Grossheim Grossheim & Schischkin (1924: 44) “shelkovnikovi Senecio delbesianus Arènes (1951: 197) Senecio latronum Boissier & Haussknecht Systematics of Senecio section Crociseris (Compositae, Senecioneae) Calvo, Joel Álvarez, Inés Aedo, Carlos Phytotaxa 2015 2015-05-29 211 1 448 450 5L5JF [205,630,151,176] Magnoliopsida Asteraceae Senecio Plantae Asterales 70 Tracheophyta subSpecies racemosus racemosus      Senecio racemosus var. glaber Candolle (1838a: 358). TYPE: Perse[ Iran], 1832, C.P. Bélanger688( lectotype, designated here, G-DC-204956 image!).     Senecio cyri  Koch (1851: 362). TYPE: Turkey, Artahan[ Ardahan, 41ºN 42ºE], K.H.E. Koch s.n.(not found).     Senecio thyrsophorus  Koch (1851: 362). TYPE: Armenia, Daratschitschak,  13 July 1829, A.J. Szovits s.n.(not found).     Senecio racemosus var. araxina Trautvetter (1873: 550). TYPE: Armenia, Araxem, Dawalu, [ 40º25’N 44º24’E], G.F. Radde s.n.(TB?, not found).     Senecio racemosus var. latronum Boissier (1875: 402). TYPE: Turkey, Diyarbakir, Devegetschid, [ 38º07'N 39º58'E],  23 Oct 1865, H.C. Haussknecht s.n.( lectotype, designated here, G-150324 image!; isolectotypesJE-6949 image!, JE-6950!, JE-6951 image!, JE-6952!, LE!, P-3729808 image!, W-32015 image!, W-Rchb-101002 image!).    Senecio racemosus var. schelkovnikoviiGrossheimin  Grossheim & Schischkin (1924: 44)[ “shelkovnikovi”]. TYPE: Georgia, Shida Kartli, Transcaucasia, pr. Tiflis dist. Gori, in jugo Tzchra-Tzkaro, [ 41º52'N 44º55'E],  17 July 1923, W. Kozlowsky 173( lectotype, designated here, LE!; isolectotypes, B-10-0325010!, G-162795!, LE!, NY!, P-4121567 image!, S!, Z-65113!).     Senecio delbesianus  Arènes (1951: 197). TYPE: Syria, Dayrik, lit d'un ruisseau au S. de Derik(“ Bec de Canard”), [ 37º07'N 42º08'E],  Sep 1939, P. Delbès 168( holotype, G-177895 image!; isotypes, G-177894 image!, G-177896 image!).   Senecio latronumBoissier & Haussknecht, nom. nud., in sched.( McNeill et al.2012, ICN Art. 38.1) (G-150324 image!, JE-6949 image!, JE-6950!, JE-6951 image!, JE-6952!, LE!, P-3729808 image!, W-32015 image!, W-Rchb-101002 image!).   Synflorescenceracemose or broadly paniculate. Achenesglabrous or with trichomes near the top. Chromosome number: n=20 ( Afzelius 1951: 68); 2 n=40 (  Altınordu et al.2014: 2208). Figure 27.  Iconography: — Arènes (1951: 195, pl. 3, fig. 4–5); Schischkin (1961: 737, tab. 34, fig. 1); Nordenstam (1989b: tab. 41); Avetisyan (1995: 474, tab. 184).   Distribution and habitat: — Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Iran, Iraq  *, Syria, Turkey; meadows, mountain steppes, rocky places, damp banks, cereal fields, rubble slopes; elevations of 1400–2500 m( Figure 28).  Phenology: —Flowering from June to September.   Discussion: —According to Nordenstam (1989b), the specimen Kotschy 669from southwestern Iran, although with unusual pubescent leaves, seems to belong to  S. racemosussubsp. racemosus. Nonetheless, it has not been included in the distribution map because the synflorescence and capitula are not well developed in the studied duplicates (H, LE, P, WU). More collections are required to accurately identify it. The species  S. delbesianuswas described from northern Syriaby Arènes. Its racemose-paniculate synflorescence, obconical involucre, and semiamplexicaul cauline leaves lead us to consider it the same entity that  S. racemosussubsp. racemosus. It has to be noted that the size of the achenes (ca. 1 mmlong) described in the protologue corresponds to immature achenes.  Lotfi et al.(2010)reported  S. racemosus(as  S. thyrsophorus) from the Kurdistan Province( Iran). Likewise, Qaisi (in litt.) and Rechinger (1964)recorded this species from northern Iraq, along the Tigris river nearby Mosul ( Handel-Mazzetti 1259, Low 409; herbaria unknown). Unfortunately, none of these vouchers have been revised by us, thus, the presence of this taxon in Iraqappears indicated above by an asterisk.  Selected specimens examined.  ARMENIA.  Aragatsotn: ad Araxen in Armenia, 40º25’N, 44º24’E,  21 Sep 1828,  A. J .   Szovits29( G, H, K, LE).   Gegharkunik: circ. lac. Gokca, in mont. prope Taskend, 40º14’N, 45º5’E,  20 Aug 1927,  A. B .  Schelkovnikov& E.   Kara-Murzas.n.( LE).   Lori: Transcaucas, Trialethipr. Lori, 41º0’N, 44º30’E, 1843,  Wittmann280( LE). AZERBAIJAN.  Daghlig Shirvan: Transcaucasia, Azerbajdzhan, distr. Chizy, prope p. Altyagatsch, 40º51’N, 48º56’E,  13 Aug 1938,  V .  Petrov& M.   Shevljakovs.n.( LE).  Nakhchivan: Nakitschiwan, rarior in montibus altioribus Alagez, 39º32’N, 45º41’E,  13 July 1829,  A. J .   Szovits523( G, K, LE). GEORGIA.  Samtskhe-Javakheti: Javakheti, mount Samsar, 41º31’N, 43º38’E,  2 Sep 1964,  R .   Gagnidzes.n.( LE).  Shida Kartli: Caucasus, Zalka, 42º20’N, 43º58’E,  Frick344( BR, G, LE, S, US, WU).  IRAN.  Chaharmahaland Bakhtiari: Perse, KousKezerd[ Kuhzerd] et Imamzadeh, 32º20’N, 50º10’E, 1829,  C. P .   Bélangers.n.( P). SYRIA. SYSTEMATICS OF  SENECIOSECTION CROCISERIS  Phytotaxa 211 (1) © 2015 Magnolia Press• 71 Al-Hasakah: vallée au S.  de Deirik, Bec de Canard, près de l'eau, 37º7’N, 42º8’E,  25 June 1956,  H .   Pabot753( G). TURKEY.  Bayburt: ad Caracocheprope Baibout, 40º15’N, 40º14’E,  24 July 1862,  E .   Bourgeau128( K, LE, UPS, WU).  Erzincan: Armenia turcica, Sipikordagh, 39º52’N, 39º35’E,  26 July 1890,  P .   Sintenis& Hedge3273( B, G, LE, S, WU).  Erzurum: 29 kmfrom Hinisto Pasinler, 39º35’N, 41º45’E,  12 July 1966,  P .  H.   Davis46408( E, K); Palandöken Da., 20–23 kmfrom Çatto Erzurum, 39º51’N, 41º16’E,  27 July 1966,  P .  H.   Davis47347( C, K).  Iğdır: Igdir, Exp. Farm, Karasustream, 39º54’N, 44º6’E,  10 Sep 1960,  K .  M.   Guichards.n.( K).  Kars: Kars-Susuz, 8 km. from Kars, 40º40’N, 43º9’E,  5 July 1957,  P .  H.   Davis30623( E, K); Ardahan-Ardanuç,  7 km WArdahan, 41º5’N, 42º37’E,  28 July 1979,  M .   Nydegger14682( G).  Muş: prov. Muschad radices australes Bimgoellmontis ad Gumgumin districtu Warto, ad lacum Gestemert, 39º7’N, 41º43’E,  15 Aug 1859,  T .   Kotschy296( G, K, L, LE, NY, S, UPS); prov. Muschad radices australes Bimgoellmontis ad Gumgumin districtu Warto, vallis Tscharbor Su, 39º7’N, 41º25’E,  29 Aug 1859,  T .   Kotschy428( G, K, L, LE, S, UPS).  Tunceli: Pülümür-Selepur, 39º31’N, 39º53’E,  23 July 1957,  P .  H.   Davis31584( K).  Van: Havasor-Hosap, 38º22’N, 43º35’E,  30 July 1954,  P .  H.  Davis& O.   Polunin23304( K);  6 kmSE Bashkale, 38º0’N, 44º3’E,  23 July 1974,  K .  H.   Rechinger49889( G). [356,715,224,246] TYPE, C, P Iran Perse Belanger 70 1 lectotype [282,464,316,338] K, H, E Turkey Artahan 70 1 Ardahan [376,558,377,399] 1829-07-13 A, J Armenia Daratschitschak 70 1 [355,731,438,460] G, F, TB Armenia 40.416668 Araxem 1162 44.4 Dawalu 70 1 [354,715,530,552] 1865-10-23 TYPE, H, C, LE Turkey 38.116665 Devegetschid 1177 39.966667 70 2 Diyarbakir lectotype [351,667,653,675] 1923-07-17 TYPE, W, LE, NY, S Georgia Transcaucasia 41.866665 Tzchra-Tzkaro 1153 44.916668 Gori 70 2 Shida Kartli lectotype [365,568,806,828] 1939-09 TYPE, S, P de Derik & de Canard Syria 37.116665 Bec de Canard 1183 42.133335 70 2 holotype 1828-09-21 A, J Armenia 40.416668 Araxen in Armenia 1162 44.4 70 1 Aragatsotn [203,483,1754,1779] G, H, K, LE Szovits Armenia 70 1 1927-08-20 A, B Gokca & Taskend Armenia 40.233334 Gegharkunik 1164 45.083332 70 1 Geghark'unik' [275,490,1790,1815] E Schelkovnikov Armenia 70 1 [500,748,1790,1815] LE Kara-Murza Armenia 70 1 1938-08-13 LE, V Armenia Transcaucas 40.85 Wittmann 1160 48.933334 Trialethi 70 1 Lorri [653,791,1863,1887] M Petrov Armenia 70 1 1829-07-13 LE, A, J Shevljakov & Alagez Armenia 39.533333 Nakitschiwan 1168 45.683334 Nakhchivan 70 1 1964-09-02 G, K, LE, R Szovits Armenia Samtskhe-Javakheti 41.516666 mount Samsar 1156 43.633335 Javakheti 70 1 Georgia LE, BR, G, S, WU Gagnidze & Caucasus & Zalka & Frick United States of America 42.333332 Shida Kartli 1150 43.966667 70 1 C, P Chaharmahal & Bakhtiari & Perse & KousKezerd & Kuhzerd & Imamzadeh Iran 32.333332 IRAN 1211 50.166668 70 1 [1139,1333,2006,2031] P Belanger Iran 70 1 S Magnolia Press 71 Al-Hasakah 70 1 Al-Hasakah [443,1259,151,176] 1956-06-25 H de Deirik 37.116665 Bec de Canard 1183 42.133335 71 1 Al-Hasakah 1862-07-24 G, E Pabot Turkey 40.25 Baibout 1164 40.233334 Caracoche 71 1 Bayburt 1890-07-26 K, LE, UPS, WU, P Bourgeau Turkey 39.866665 Armenia 1166 39.583332 71 1 Erzincan 1966-07-12 B, G, LE, S, WU, P Sintenis & Hedge Turkey 39.583332 Pasinler 1168 41.75 Hinis 71 1 Erzurum [1171,1194,261,284] 1966-07-12 H Sintenis & Hedge Turkey true 39.583332 Pasinler 1168 41.75 Hinis 71 1 Erzurum 1966-07-27 E, K, P Davis & Palandoken Da. Turkey 39.85 Erzurum 1166 41.266666 Cat 71 1 Erzurum [1100,1123,297,320] 1966-07-27 H Davis & Palandoken Da. Turkey true 39.85 Erzurum 1166 41.266666 Cat 71 1 Erzurum 1960-09-10 C, K Davis Turkey Igdir 39.9 Karasu 1166 44.1 Exp. Farm 71 1 Igdir [905,932,333,356] 1960-09-10 M Davis Turkey Igdir true 39.9 Karasu 1166 44.1 Exp. Farm 71 1 Igdir 1957-07-05 K, P Guichard Turkey 40.666668 Kars 1161 43.15 Kars-Susuz 71 1 Kars [650,673,369,392] 1957-07-05 H Guichard Turkey true 40.666668 Kars 1161 43.15 Kars-Susuz 71 1 Kars 1979-07-28 E, K, W, M Davis Turkey 41.083332 Ardahan-Ardanuc 1158 42.616665 71 1 Kars 1859-08-15 G, T Nydegger Turkey Musch 39.116665 Gumgum 1171 41.716667 Bimgoell 71 1 Mus 1859-08-29 G, K, L, LE, NY, S, UPS, T Kotschy Turkey Musch 39.116665 Gumgum 1171 41.416668 Bimgoell 71 1 Mus 1957-07-23 G, K, L, LE, S, UPS, P Kotschy Turkey 39.516666 Pulumur-Selepur 1169 39.883335 71 1 Tunceli [434,457,549,572] 1957-07-23 H Kotschy Turkey true 39.516666 Pulumur-Selepur 1169 39.883335 71 1 Tunceli [468,1306,548,573] 1954-07-30 K, P Davis Turkey 38.366665 Havasor-Hosap 1175 43.583332 71 1 Van [1309,1332,549,572] 1954-07-30 H Davis Turkey true 38.366665 Havasor-Hosap 1175 43.583332 71 1 Van O Davis Turkey 71 1 Van [185,997,583,608] 1974-07-23 K Polunin Turkey 38.0 6 km SE Bashkale 1178 44.05 71 1 Van [1001,1025,585,608] 1974-07-23 H Polunin Turkey true 38.0 6 km SE Bashkale 1178 44.05 71 1 Van [1035,1276,583,608] G Rechinger Turkey 71 1 Van