Synergus castaneus Pujade-Villar, Bernardo & Viggiani Bernardo et al . (2013) : 439 Saphonecrus reticulatus Pujade-Villar, Wang & Guo Pujade-Villar et al . (2014c) : 43 Lobato-Vila et al . (2021a: 345) A catalogue, revision, and regional perspective of Eastern Palaearctic and Oriental oak gall wasps and their inquilines (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini, Synergini, Ceroptresini) IRENE LOBATO-VILA ALBA SALA-NISHIKAWA GEORGE MELIKA GRAHAM N. STONE CHANGTI TANG MAN-MIAO YANG ZHIQIANG FANG YING ZHU YIPING WANG SUNGHOON JUNG JAMES A. NICHOLLS JULI PUJADE-VILLAR Zootaxa 2022 2022-07-04 5161 1 1 71 Pujade-Villar, Bernardo & Viggiani, 2013 Pujade-Villar, Bernardo & Viggiani 2013 [151,882,1245,1272] Insecta Cynipidae Synergus Animalia Hymenoptera 39 40 Arthropoda species castaneus     Synergus castaneusPujade-Villar, Bernardo & Viggiani in  Bernardo et al. (2013): 439, ♀& ♂.    Saphonecrus reticulatusPujade-Villar, Wang & Guo in  Pujade-Villar et al. (2014c): 43, ♀[syn. in  Lobato-Vila et al. (2021a: 345)].   Distribution. China( Anhui, ZhejiangProvinces) ( Bernardo et al. 2013: 439, 442; Pujade-Villar et al. 2014c: 44, 47; Pujade-Villar et al. 2018b: 137; Lobato-Vila et al. 2021a: 345–346).   Remarks. Bernardo et al. (2013)suspected that  S. castaneuscould be a gall maker; however, it was later reared from galls of  Andricus henryi( Pujade-Villar et al. 2018b).  Remarks (2).According to the original description of  S. reticulatus( Pujade-Villar et al. 2014c), this species was reared from galls on branches and twigs of  Q. alienavar. acutiserrata. However, this host plant was erroneously identified: it was actually a  Castaneasp.( Lobato-Vila et al. 2021a).  Remarks (3). Lobato-Vila et al. (2021a)said that  S. castaneuswas obtained from asexual galls of  A. henryi, but it was a typographical error: according to Pujade-Villar et al. (2018b), based on the adult morphology and the gall phenology females of  A. henryiprobably correspond to the sexual generation.   Biology.Reared from galls of  Andricus henryi ♂ ♀and undetermined rounded stem swelling galls on branches and twigs ( Pujade-Villar et al. 2014c, 2018b) on different  Castaneaspecies( Table 2; Bernardo et al. 2013; PujadeVillar et al. 2018b; Lobato-Vila et al. 2021a).