Pectinaria Savigny Lamarck, 1818: 348 Hartman, 1941: 329 Fauchald, 1977: 120 Hartman, 1959: 479 Holthe, 1986: 20–21 A Review of the Genera of Pectinariidae (Polychaeta) Together with a Description of the Australian Fauna Hutchings, P. Peart, R. Records of the Australian Museum 2002 54 99 127 87BZT Savigny Savigny 1818 [214,436,152,176] Polychaeta Pectinariidae Pectinaria Chromista Terebellida 11 110 Foraminifera genus     PectinariaSavignyin  Lamarck, 1818: 348.–  Hartman, 1941: 329.–  Fauchald, 1977: 120.–  Hartman, 1959: 479.–  Holthe, 1986: 20–21.   Diagnosis. Rim of cephalic veil with numerous long cirri. Cephalic veil completely free from operculum, forming a dorsal semi-circular lobe covering the bases of numerous peristomial palps. Raised opercular margin smooth. Chaetigers 1 to 3 (segments 5 to 7) with notopodia and notochaetae only, chaetigers 4 to 16 biramous with notopodia, neuropodia, notochaetae and neurochaetae, chaetiger 17 with notopodia and notochaetae only (17/13). Two typesof notochaetae, smooth and serrated (or plumose). Neurochaetal uncini with major teeth arranged in two rows. Posterior 5 segments fused to form a flattened plate or scaphe and distinctly separated from the abdomen.   Type species.  Nereis cylindraria belgica Pallas, 1766, designated by Hartman (1959).   Remarks. Savigny worked at the Museum d’Histoire Naturelle in Paris. He wrote a description of the genus  Pectinariain 1809 and completed the plates in 1812, but it was not until 1822, that the manuscript was published with no major modifications. During the intervening years, Lamarck, who also worked at the Museum in Paris and was the superior of Savigny, had access to this unpublished manuscript and he published the name  Pectinariain 1818. Some workers have therefore quoted the authority of the genus as Lamarck (Lucas & Holthuis, 1975) but because Savigny actually made the description, we therefore quote it as Savigny in Lamarck, 1818. Another complication is that Leach (1816)described the genus  Cistenaand referred  Nereis cylindrariaPallasto his new genus, and Lucas & Holthuis (1975) believed that this was a reference to the var. belgica.  Lagis koreniis the only common pectinariid on the west coast of Hollandwhere Pallas worked. Lucas & Holthuis (1975) designated a lectotypeof Pallas’s  Nereis cylindraria belgica. The name  koreni Malmgren, 1866, as published in the combination  Lagis koreni, then became a junior subjective synonym of the name  belgica Pallas, 1766, the type species of  Pectinaria(  Nereis cylindraria belgica). The synonymising of  P. koreniand  P. belgicawas objected to by Nielsen et al. (1977)who made a submission to the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature to stabilise the names of  Pectinaria belgica( Pallas, 1766)and  Pectinaria koreni( Malmgren, 1866). They provided evidence that both names had been used by marine biologists for over 100 years, and their submission was accepted ( Nielsen et al., 1977). For further details, see Lucas & Holthuis (1975) and Nielsen et al. (1977).   Table 2. Major distinguishing characters of species of  Cistenides(entries in parentheses are based on non-type material    species holotype length mm holotype anterior width mm cephalic veil, nos. of cirri nos. of pairs shape of paleae posterodorsal lobe (segment 2) anteroventral lobe (chaetiger 2)    C. brevicoma Johnson, 1901† (31) ( n.r.) 33 (28–30) 10–12 (12–13) short, stout, iridescent  n.r. glandular    C. ehlersi( Hessle, 1917)  n.r.(15–31)  n.r.(3) 25 (20–30) 12 (8–15)  n.r.(spiral-tipped, rolled top)  n.r. corrugated ( n.r.)    C. granulata( Linnaeus, 1767)  n.r.(24–65)  n.r.(7–8)  n.r.(30–50)  n.r.(7–10)  n.r.(acute, blunt tips, elongate, curved dorsally) n.r.  n.r.(glandular)    C. hyperborea Malmgren, 1866† 23–28 (13–55) 6–10 32–34 (26–35) 12–14 (10–15) flat, attenuated flexible tips (coiled tips) absent glandular    C. okudaiImajima & Hartman, 196418–24 3–5 10–15 13–16 distally incurved and faintly serrated  n.r. glandular    C. soldatovi Annenkova, 1929 18–20  n.r. 20–30 10–13 curved tips  n.r. glandular Twenty species of  Pectinariahave been described, including four species originally described as Cistenidesthat we have transferred to  Pectinaria. Two additional species are described in this paper. The major diagnostic features of these species are given in Table 4. Several of these species are poorly described and, in some cases, characters states have had to be assigned from non-type material. no holotypedesignated, rather a range from the type series.   Table 2(continued). Major distinguishing characters of species of  Cistenides(entries in parentheses are based on non-type material).    species chaetigers on which notopodia nos. of rows of teeth per nos. of teeth scaphal shape within a row scaphe: anal flap scaphal hooks: nos. of tube, shape & construction glandular areas type locality additional records and comments*  reduced uncinus on uncinus pairs & type    C. brevicoma  n.r.(1–3, 16–17)  n.r.(1) 4–5 (4) broadly ovate  n.r.(broadly  n.r.(8–10, curved, coarse  n.r. Puget Sound, Recorded from Mexico,  (broader than long) rounded, distally hooked) sand grains entire margin with small cirrus) W. coast of USA—18.3 m California, USA ( Hartman, 1941).    C. ehlersi  n.r.(1–3) 1 3–4 rectangular, longer than wide 10 (6–10) (slightly curved  n.r.(glandular) Tierra del Fuego (See below) g  lobed margin with short cirrus distally brown in colour) (Feuerland), Argentina—Puerto Harberton, Strait of Magellan    C. granulata  n.r.(1–3)  n.r.(1)  n.r.(3–4) n.r.(wide-oval, lobed edge)  n.r.(wider than long with small cirrus)  n.r.(6–10) curved, long coarse sand grains, dark coloured  n.r.(strongly glandular) Northern Europe—type probably never designated ( Holthe, 1986) (See below) h    C. hyperborea1–3; 12–17  n.r.(1–3) 3 (4–6) wide, oval  n.r.(wider than long  n.r.(5–9) slightly curved, brown glandular Greenland and Spitzbergen— (See below) i  (longer than broad) plus small cirrus) (sand grains, dark brown) “type probably lost or  never designated” ( Holthe, 1986)    C. okudai  n.r.  n.r. 8–9 ellipsoidal, recurved crenulate margin 12–13  n.r.  n.r. Japan (See below) j  ventrally, lobed margin with cirrus    C. soldatovi  n.r. 1 4 oval, lobed wide, flat, no 5–6 curved, sand  n.r. Sea of Japan Known only from  margin anal papilla grains, brown original description.  n.  r.characternot recorded. Based on original description. * Only a selection of records are given based on the literature to indicate distribution of species, however distributions outside the region of the typelocality require verification.  g[  ehlersi] Recorded from Puerto Harberton, Argentina(as  Pectinaria belgicaby Ehlers, 1901— fide Hessle, 1917); Puerto Harberton & Ultima Esperanza, Argentina( Nilsson, 1928); Strait of Magellan, shallow to 300 m, 485 m, Drake Passage 384–494 m( Hartman, 1966b; 1967).  h[  granulata] Recorded from Arctic Sea ( Hessle, 1917; Nilsson, 1928); northern USSR ( Annenkova, 1929), east Greenland, Iceland, Faeroes, Finnmark, Spitzbergen ( Holthe, 1986).  i[  hyperborea] Recorded from Norway( Hessle, 1917); northern Arctic Seas, Northern Japan, Atlantic Ocean ( Nilsson, 1928); Bering Sea, Spitzbergen, Siberia ( Annenkova, 1929—this record indicates the presence of 2–3 rows of teeth on the uncini which puts this in the genus  Pectinaria); Japan, NW Europe, North Atlantic, Arctic (Imajima & Hartman, 1964); east Greenland, Iceland, the Faeroes, Finnmark, Spitzbergen ( Holthe, 1986).  j[  okudai] Known only from original material collected by Okuda (1938)and recorded as  Pectinariasp.