Cassia setosa var. angusta Bentham (1870: 141)
Cassia chrysotingens Hoehne (1919: 143)
Chamaecrista setosa var. dentosa (Bentham) H. S. Irwin & Barneby (1982: 651)
Cassia setosa var. detonsa Bentham (1870: 141)
Chamaecrista setosa var. paucivenia (H. S. Irwin & Barneby) H.S. Irwin & Barneby (1982: 651)
Cassia setosa var. paucivenia H. S. Irwin & Barneby (1978: 70)
Chamaecrista setosa var. subsetosa (Malme) H.S. Irwin & Barneby (1982: 561)
Cassia setosa var. subsetosa Malme (1931: 62)
New taxonomic circumscription to Chamaecrista ser. Setosae (H. S. Irwin & Barneby) H. S. Irwin & Barneby (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae)
Oliveira, Jaqueline Aparecida De
Mendes, Thainara Policarpo
Souza, Alessandro Oliveira De
Silva, Marcos José Da
Phytotaxa
2021
2021-03-12
490
2
118
158
9. Chamaecrista setosa(Vogel) Irwin & Barneby (1982: 650). ≡ Cassia setosa Vogel (1837: 51). Type:— BRAZIL. Brasília: Pr. Jundiahy leg. Sellow( lectotype: K-000555488! designated by Irwin & Barneby (1978); isolectotypes: G- 00277285!, K-00835966!, LE-00002385!, P-00836110!).
= Cassia setosa var. angusta Bentham (1870: 141). Type:— BRAZIL. Goiás: from Cavalcante, 1870, Burchell7588( holotype: K- 000555484!). = Cassia chrysotingens Hoehne (1919: 143). Type:— BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Colhida no Lambary além de Campos Novos da Serrado Norte, 1919, Hoehne 5413( holotype: R-000013998!). = Chamaecrista setosavar. dentosa(Bentham) H. S. Irwin & Barneby (1982: 651)≡ Cassia setosavar. detonsa Bentham (1870: 141), Type:— BRAZIL. Goiás: In collibus siccis campisve aridis, 1841, Gardner 3127( holotype: K-000555484!; isotypes: BM- 000793259!, G-00370963!, K, P-00836115!) Syn. nov. = Chamaecrista setosavar. paucivenia(H. S. Irwin & Barneby) H.S. Irwin & Barneby (1982: 651)≡ Cassia setosavar. pauciveniaH. S. Irwin & Barneby (1978: 70). Type:— BRASIL. Minas Gerais: Serra do Cipó, km 117, 15 March 1962, (fl., fr.), A.P. Duarte 6547( holotype: RB, mounted in 2 sheets, RB-00168982!, RB-00539496!; isotypes: NY-00003940!). Syn. nov. = Chamaecrista setosavar. subsetosa(Malme) H.S. Irwin & Barneby (1982: 561). ≡ Cassia setosavar. subsetosa Malme (1931: 62). Type:— BRAZIL. Mato Grosso: Santa Anna da chapada in ‘cerrado’ arenoso, 13 May 1903 Malme 3321( holotype: S-10-9066!, isotypes: S-R-8866!). Figs. 21–23. Syn. nov. Subshrubs, shrubs or small trees 0.7–5 mtall, erect with branches sometimes pendent or decumbent when subshrubs. Stem and adult branches light brown or greyish; stem and young branches light brown, tomentose, villosule, puberulent, stellate-setose and setulose or stellate-setulose, including petiole, rachis, axes of inflorescence, pedicel, external surface of stipules, bracts, bracteoles, pulvinus, pulvinule, buds and fruits.Stipules 2–5× 1 mm, lanceolate, triangular or subulate, margin entire, persistent. Leaves (7–) 9–19 (–23) cm long, regularly distributed throughout the branches, ascending or not; pulvinus 0.2–1 mm, discretely dilated, striated or not; petiole 2–7 cmlong; rachis 2.5–3 cm, both cylindrical in cross section and sulcate above; pulvinule 0.2–1.1 mm; leaflets 2 (3) pairs, 5–13 × 2.5–7.5 cm, oblong-elliptical, ovallanceolate, oval-oblong, widely oval, elliptical or suborbicular, base asymmetrically rounded or cuneate or obtuse, apex obtuse retuse or emarginate and mucronulate, coriaceous, margin plane, entire, setulose-stellate, puberulous, setulose, velutinous or glabrous, discolorous, adaxial surface dark green, glossy, pubescent, glabrescent, stellatesetulose, velutinous, puberulent, sometimes glabrous, abaxial surface light green, opaque or glaucous, setulose, villous or glabrous; venation camptodromous-brochidodromous, secondary veins ascending on both surfaces, 8–15 (–22), with impressed veins on the adaxial surface, being the main vein sulcate, and conspicuously prominent on the abaxial surface, including tertiary, and or quaternary, that are arranged in an alveolate-like arrangement, all yellow. Panicles 13–75 cmlong, terminal or axillary, effuse, with flowers congest or lax, suberect or pendent; buds 1–1.5 × 0.5–1 cm, globose, ovoid, oval-ellipsoid, yellow, yellow-vinaceous or reddish, apex obtuse or acute. Flowers 2.5–5.7 cmlong, pedicel 1–4 cmlong; bracts 3–8 × 1 mm, lanceolate or oval-lanceolate, apex acute or obtuse, margin entire, ferruginous; bracteoles 1–4 mmlong, similar to bracts; sepals 1.5–2.1 × 0.8–1.2 cm, elliptical, oval-elliptical or lanceolate, apex acute or short acuminate, vinaceous green or reddish; petals 1–2.5 × 0.5–1.8 cm, oboval or asymmetrically oboval one of the lower-lateral; stamens 7–12 mmlong, filaments 1.2–3 mmlong, anthers 5–10 mmlong, oblong, mucronulate; ovary 0.5–0.8 × 0.1 cm, setulose, villosule, styles 0.8–1.3 cmlong, glabrous, curved near the apex. Legume 3–6 × 0.5–1 cm, narrow-oblong, apex not mucronulate, light green, setulose and puberulent. Seeds 4–6 × 2–4 mm, pyriform,, light brown or dark, faveolated, glossy.
Specimens Examined:— BRAZIL. Distrito Federal: Brasília.GO 60, sentido Brasília-Goiâniaem cerrado, 15º 54’43,7’’S, 48º 9’33,7’’W, 1099 m, 28 May 2016, (fl.), J.A. Oliveira& T.P. Mendes114, 115( UFG), 116(UFG), 117(UFG), 118(UFG), 119(UFG); ibid., Bacia do Rio São Bartolomeu, 04 April 1980, (fl.), E.P. Heringeret al. 4999( IBGE); ibid., 09 March 1981, (fr.), E.P. Heringeret al. 6383( IBGE); Goiás: Água Friade Goiás, GO 118, km 82, lado esquerdo da estrada em cerrado, 05 Ocrtober2013, (fl.), A.O. Souzaet al. 645( UFG); ibid., GO118, km 61, borda esquerda da rodovia sentido Alto Paraíso, 30 October 2014, (fr.), A.O. Souzaet al. 1465( UFG); ibid., GO 118, km 56, em borda de estrada em cerrado rupestre, 28 January 2014, (fl.), A.O. Souzaet al. 856( UFG); Alto Paraiso, ca. 20 kmS of Alto Paraísoon highway GO 12, 1100 m, 19 February 1975, (fr.), W.R. Anderson11468 (F); ibid., FazendaOréades- Sitio Arqueológico Pedra Escrita, 01 July 2011, (fl., fr.), J.R.B. Vidalet al. 142( HEPH); Caldas Novas, Parque Estadual da Serra de Caldas Novas, 1000 m, 30 July 2009, (fr.), J.O.V. Iglesias43( UEG); Campinorte, Fazendaca. 8 kmda cidade em direção ao lago Serra da Mesa, 14° 17’43’’S, 49° 06’15’’W, 490 m, 23 June 1988, (fl.), M.L. Fonsecaet al. 1916( IBGE); Minaçu, GO 132, próximo à entrada da usina, 13° 48’54,7’’S, 48° 18’31,6’’W, 688 m, 20 June 2016, (fl., fr.), J.A. Oliveiraet al. 49( UFG), 50(UFG), 51(UFG), 52(UFG), 53(UFG), 54(UFG), 55(UFG), 56(UFG), 57(UFG), 58(UFG), 59(UFG), 60(UFG); Niquelândia, 31 kmda cidade em direção ao povoado de Muquém, 14° 28’32’’S, 48° 10’42’’W, 470 m, 08 May 1988, (fl.), M.A. Silvaet al. 3813( IBGE); ibid., km 20 da GO-532, CODEMIN, 14° 17’0,2’’S, 48° 20’02’’W, 28 June 1996, (fl.), M.L. Fonsecaet al. 1027( IBGE); São Gabriel, ca. 35 km. N. of Formosaon road to São Gabriel, 950 m, 28 March 1966, H.S. Irwinet al. 14169(F); São João d’Aliança, Fazenda BarraMata Serena, 18 September 1990, (fl., fr.), A. Fonseca782( IBGE); Mato Grosso: Barra do Garças, Valedos sonhos, 80 kmN of Barra do Garçason the road to Xavantina, approx 15° 40’S, 52° 23’W, 26 October 1972, (fl.), J.A. Ratteret al. 2250(F); ibid., Serra do Roncador, 6 kmda BR 158, 15° 20’54,4’’S, 52° 13’54,2’’W, 642 m, 24 March 2016, (fr.), (fl.), J.A. Oliveiraet al.15( UFG), 16(UFG), 17(UFG), 18(UFG), 19(UFG), 20( UFG); São José do Rio Claro, estrada para São José do Rio Claro, BR 364, 14°12’S, 56°32’W, 530 m, 13 March 1978, R. Beceer44(F); Vale dos Sonhos, 80 kmN of Barra do Garçason the road to Xavantina, 15°40’S, 52°23’W, 26 August 1972, (fr.), J.A. Ratteret al. 2250(F); Minas Gerais: Bom Despacho, 18°51’13,8’’S, 49°4’55,6’’W, 720 m, 06 July 2016, (fl., fr.), J.A. Oliveiraet al. 109( UFG), 110(UFG), 111(UFG), 112(UFG), 113(UFG), 114(UFG), 115(UFG); Cardeal Mota, Serrado cipó, October 1997, (fr.), M. Sobral& K. Esposito6262( ICN); Caeté, 29 June 1933, (fl.), M. Barreto6019(F); Curimataí, arredores ( Mun. Buenópolis), 19 August 2002, (fl., fr.), G. Hatschbachet al. 73657( HRB); Diamantina, descida ao rio Jequitinhonha, 23 July 1998, (fr.), G. Hatschbachet al. 68106( MBM); Furnas, Cerradopróximo ás eclusas, pela estrada Belo Horizonte, 05 July 1995, (fl.), J.A. Lombardi836( BHCB); ibid., Cerradopróximo às eclusas, pela estrada Belo Horizonte, 06 July 1995, (fl., fr.), J.A. Lombardi841( BHCB); Grão Mogol, cerrado aberto, 600-800 m, 20 July 1985, (fl., fr.), G. Martineliiet al. 11211( BHCB); Jaboticatubas, Serrado cipó, 1200 m, 26 July 1979, (fl., fr.), W. Montovani.88( SP); Oliveira, Rod. Fernão Dias, 4 September 1971, (fl., fr.), G. Hatschbach26970(M); Patos, 19 June 1936, M. Barreto6022(F); Raposos, 20°01’13’’S, 43° 76’85’’W, 1170 m, 7 May 2010, (fr.), T. Neto& T. Mansur4855( BHCB); Santana do Riacho, Serrado cipó, 24 May 1993, (fl.), J.A. Lombardi& F.R.N. Toledo265( BHCB); ibid., ca. de 1-2 kmacima do Córrego Chapéu do Sol, Camporupestre, 03 July 1996, (fl.), V.C. Souzaet al. 11592( BHCB); ibid., 19°18’47’’S, 43°37’12,2’’W, 851 m, 01 August 2012, (fr.), I.A.C. Coutinhoet al. 28( VIC); ibid., 24.05.1993; Santa Luzia, Serra do Cipókm. 117- Chapéu do Sol, 6 August 1936, (fl., fr.), W.A. Archer& Mello Barreto5001( BHCB); São Gonçalo do Rio Preto, Parque Estadual do Rio Preto, área com vegetação de cerrado e formações rupestres, 11 June 1999, (fl.), A. Salino4810( BHCB); São Paulo: Parque Estadualdas Furnas do Bom Jesus, 20°11’50’’S, 47°25’10’’W, 900 m, 09 July 2003, (fr.), D. Sasakiet al. 629( UEC); Tocantins: Dianópolis, beira da estrada, após a lagoa Bonita, 11°44’26’’S, 46°40’57’’W, 621 m, 30 September 2003, (fr.), T.B. Cavalcantiet al. 3443( CEN); ibid., Palmeirópolis, Fazenda do Sr. Samuel, 13°02’47’’S, 48°09’51’’W, 260 m, 90 May 2007, (fr.), G.P. Silvaet al. 11710( CEN); ibid., Paraná, Fazenda Alegre, 19°06’15’’S, 48°05’59’’W, 350 m, 15 May 2007, (fr.), G.P. Silvaet al. 11818( CEN).
Etymology:—the specific epithet “ setosa” refers to the setose trichomes that cover the stem of the species. Geographical distribution and ecology:— Chamaecrista setosais species with the widest distribution of the series, occurring in areas of cerrado sensu latobetween 260-1200 min the Brazilian states of Goiás, Mato Grosso, Minas Gerais, Piauí, Tocantins, São Paulo and Federal District( Fig. 24). Phenology:—The specimens are perennial, with the peak of flowering in the dry season (from April to October). However, some populations may show early flowering, starting in January. Usually, at the beginning of the year, we observe old inflorescences, only after the rainy season (March and April) do young inflorescences begin to appear, with the greatest peak of flowering in September and October. Conservation status:—The species is assessed as being of least concern (LC) due to its wide distribution across much of Brazilwith EOO of 1,949,952.51 km 2. Taxonomic relationships and morphological characterization:— Irwin and Barneby (1982)recognized four varieties for Ch. setosa( Ch. setosavar. setosa, Ch. setosavar. subsetosa, Ch. setosavar. pauciveniaand Ch. setosavar. dentosa). However, analyzing many collections, we observed that all varieties have quite overlapping characteristics, which makes it difficult to identify them. This phenotypic variation may be the result of a species with wide distribution. That said, and based on morphological characteristics and overlapping distribution we are proposing all varieties of Ch. setosaas synonyms. Chamaecrista setosait is a polymorphic species. However, its can be recognized by having habit subshrubby to arboreal, the main stems usually woody, densely recovered by vinaceous ou reddish setose-viscous trichomes, including inflorescences, leaves with 2, rarely 3 pairs of coriaceous leaflets dorsoventrally differentiatedwith secondary veins ascending in relation to the midrib and anastomosed before the margin; and inflorescences pending or suberect, profusely ramified, up to 90 cmof length, with secondary axes long, and flowers with sepals yellow with a central spot vinaceous, reddish or vinaceous with margin yellowish, as well as petals light or dark yello, and fruits vinaceous ou greenish with vinaceous or reddish margin. Excluded species and it synonymization
[295,639,1457,1479]
Brazil
Type
Burchell
Cavalcante
32
150
1
Goias
holotype
[364,562,1529,1551]
de Campos Novos da Serra
Brazil
Campos Novos da Serra do Norte
32
150
1
Minas Gerais
holotype
2016-05-28
UFG
J. A. Oliveira & T. P. Mendes
Brazil
1099
-15.912139
Brasilia-Goiania
1
-48.159363
Brasilia.
33
151
1
Distrito Federal
1980-04-04
IBGE
Heringer
Brazil
1099
-15.912139
Bacia do Rio Sao Bartolomeu
1
-48.159363
Brasilia.
33
151
1
Distrito Federal
[236,933,950,977]
1981-03-09
IBGE
Heringer
Brazil
1099
-15.912139
Bacia do Rio Sao Bartolomeu
1
-48.159363
Brasilia.
33
151
1
Distrito Federal
[946,1177,950,979]
Agua Fria
Brazil
Goias
33
151
1
Goias
UFG
Ocrtober & A. O. Souza
Brazil
Goias
33
151
1
Goias
2014-10-30
UFG
Souza
Brazil
Alto Paraiso
33
151
1
Goias
2014-01-28
UFG
Souza
Brazil
Alto Paraiso
33
151
1
Goias
1975-02-19
2011-07-01
1975-02-19
HEPH
W. R. Anderson & J. R. B. Vidal
Brazil
Alto Paraiso
1100
Sitio Arqueologico Pedra Escrita
Fazenda
33
151
1
Goias
2009-07-30
UEG
J. O. V. Iglesias
Brazil
1000
Parque Estadual da Serra de Caldas Novas
Caldas Novas
33
151
1
1988-06-23
IBGE
M. L. Fonseca
Brazil
Campinorte
490
-14.295279
Serra da Mesa
21
-49.104164
Fazenda
33
151
1
2016-06-20
UFG
J. A. Oliveira
Brazil
688
-13.815195
Minacu
1
-48.308777
33
151
1
1988-05-08
IBGE
M. A. Silva
Brazil
470
-14.475555
Muquem
21
-48.178333
Niquelandia
33
151
1
1996-06-28
IBGE
M. L. Fonseca
Brazil
470
-14.283389
Muquem
15
-48.33389
Niquelandia
33
151
1
1966-03-28
1990-09-18
1966-03-28
IBGE
H. S. Irwin & A. Fonseca
Brazil
Sao Gabriel
950
Sao Gabriel
Formosa
33
151
1
1972-10-26
2016-03-24
1972-10-26
UFG
J. A. Ratter & J. A. Oliveira
Brazil
Barra do Garcas
642
-15.348444
Xavantina
1
-52.231724
Vale
33
151
1
Mato Grosso
1972-08-26
1978-03-13
1972-08-26
UFG
Beceer & Vale dos Sonhos & J. A. Ratter
Brazil
Sao Jose do Rio Claro
530
-15.666667
Xavantina
1284
-52.383335
Sao Jose do Rio Claro
33
151
1
2016-07-06
UFG
J. A. Oliveira
Brazil
720
-18.853834
Bom Despacho
1
-49.08211
33
151
1
Minas Gerais
[276,1271,1742,1769]
1997-10
ICN
M. Sobral & K. Esposito
Brazil
Serra
Cardeal Mota
33
151
1
1933-06-29
2002-08-19
1933-06-29
HRB
M. Barreto & G. Hatschbach
Brazil
Caete
Mun. Buenopolis
Curimatai
33
151
1
[341,1447,1814,1841]
1998-07-23
MBM
G. Hatschbach
Brazil
rio Jequitinhonha
Diamantina
33
151
1
[136,1447,1850,1877]
1995-07-05
BHCB
J. A. Lombardi
Brazil
Furnas
Belo Horizonte
Cerrado
33
151
1
[136,1447,1886,1913]
1995-07-06
BHCB
J. A. Lombardi
Brazil
Furnas
Belo Horizonte
Cerrado
33
151
1
[136,1280,1922,1949]
1985-07-20
BHCB
G. Martinelii
Brazil
700
Grao Mogol
33
151
1
1979-07-26
SP
W. Montovani.
Brazil
1200
Serra
Jaboticatubas
33
151
1
1936-06-19
2010-05-07
1936-06-19
BHCB
Hatschbach & Barreto & T. Neto & T. Mansur
Brazil
Oliveira
1170
-20.020277
Patos
Rod. Fernao Dias
33
151
1
1993-05-24
BHCB
J. A. Lombardi & F. R. N. Toledo
Brazil
Serra
Santana do Riacho
33
151
1
1996-07-03
BHCB
V. C. Souza
Brazil
34
152
Campo
Corrego Chapeu do Sol
33
151
1
2012-08-01
VIC
I. A. C. Coutinho
Brazil
851
-19.313055
Campo
15
-43.620052
Corrego Chapeu do Sol
34
152
1
1936-08-06
1993-05-24
1936-08-06
BHCB
Santa Luzia & W. A. Archer & Mello Barreto
Brazil
851
-19.313055
Chapeu do Sol
15
-43.620052
Serra do Cipo
34
152
1
1999-06-11
BHCB
A. Salino
Brazil
Parque Estadual do Rio Preto
Sao Goncalo do Rio Preto
34
152
1
2003-07-09
UEC
D. Sasaki
Brazil
900
-20.197222
Furnas do Bom Jesus
21
-47.419445
Parque Estadual
34
152
1
Sao Paulo
2003-09-30
CEN
T. B. Cavalcanti
Brazil
621
-11.740556
Bonita
21
-46.682503
Dianopolis
34
152
1
Tocantins
2007-05
CEN
G. P. Silva
Brazil
260
-13.04639
Fazenda do Sr. Samuel
21
-48.16417
Palmeiropolis
34
152
1
Tocantins
[744,793,410,436]
2007-05
CEN
G. P. Silva
Brazil
260
-13.04639
Fazenda do Sr. Samuel
21
-48.16417
Palmeiropolis
34
152
1
Tocantins
2007-05-15
CEN
G. P. Silva
Brazil
350
-19.104168
Fazenda Alegre
21
-48.09972
34
152
1
Parana