Bombyx candida Cyrillo, 1787 Bombyx puntigera Freyer Emydia cribum bivittata South, 1900 Eyprepia nevadensis Oberthür, 1911 Coscinia cribum splendida Dannehl, 1929 Euprepia arenaria Lempke, 1937 Coscinia cribraria pannonica Daniel. Coscinia cribraria guidoi Silva Cruz, 1978 Integrative revision of the Iberian species of Coscinia Hübner, [1819] sensu lato and Spiris Hübner, [1819], (Lepidoptera: Erebidae, Arctiinae) Macià, Ramon Mally, Richard Ylla, Josep Gastón, Javier Huertas, Manuel Zootaxa 2019 2019-06-14 4615 3 401 449 (Linnaeus, 1758) Linnaeus 1758 [151,588,1437,1464] Insecta Arctiidae Coscinia Animalia Lepidoptera 7 408 Arthropoda species cribraria  LT. [South Europe] “terris meridionalibus”.  =  Bombyx candida Cyrillo, 1787. =  Bombyx puntigeraFreyer, [1834].  =  Euprepia inquinataRambur, [1866].  =  Emydia cribum bivittata South, 1900 =  Eyprepia nevadensis Oberthür, 1911. =  Coscinia cribum splendida Dannehl, 1929 =  Euprepia arenaria Lempke, 1937. =  Coscinia cribraria pannonicaDaniel.  =  Coscinia cribrartia galegaAgenjo, 1975. =  Coscinia cribrartia centralisAgenjo, 1975. =  Coscinia cribrartia marcosaeAgenjo, 1975.  =  Coscinia cribraria guidoi Silva Cruz, 1978.   Material studied.  1♀ Villanueva de Sigena( Huesca),  215 m, 30TYM42,  31.V.2004, R. Macià& J. Yllaleg.;  1♂ Villanueva de Sigena( Huesca),  215 m, 30TYM42,  27.V.2006, R. Macià & J. Yllaleg. ;  1♂ Villanueva de Sigena( Huesca),  215 m, 30TYM42,  20.VIII.2010, R. Maciàleg. ;  1♂ Coll d´Heures, Collsuspina( Barcelona),  936 m, 31 TDG32,  21.VIII.2013, R. Maciàleg. ;  1♂ Barranco de Mazarra, Baza( Granada),  727 m, 30 SWG25,  10.X.2015, R. Maciàleg. ;  1♂ Serra d´Enguera, Enguera( Valencia),  758 m, 30 SXJ81,  12.X.2015, R. Macià & J. Yllaleg. ;  2♂♂ El Cerro, Gredilla la Polera( Burgos),  939 m, 30 TVN40,  14.VII.2017, R. Maciàleg. ;  1♂  Herreríade los Chorros, Tragacete( Cuenca),  1510 m,  30.VII.2009, R. Maciàleg. ;  1♂ Font Home Mort, Queralbs( Girona),  1500 m,  20.VII.2006, R. Macià & J. Yllaleg. ;  1♂ Sierra de la Culebra, Ferreres( Zamora),  23. VI.2001, R.Macià & J. Yllaleg. ;  1♂ Villanueva de Sigena( Huesca),  215 m, 30TYM42,  20.VIII.2010, R. Macià & J. Yllaleg. ;  2♀♀ Sant Joan Abadesses( Girona)  12.IX.1994, R. Maciàleg. ;  1♂ Tabernas( Almería),  29.IX.2002, R. Macià & J. Yllaleg. ;  2♂♂ Barranco del Tejo, Güejar Sierra( Granada),  30.VIII.2016, J. Gastónleg. ;  1♂ Peña del Perro, Sierra Nevada( Granada),  1850 m,  22.VIII.2014, J. Gastónleg. ;  1♂ Col d´Ornon, Isère( France),  1392 m,  5.VII.2004, R. Macià & J. Yllaleg. ;  1♂ 1♀ Bio, Lascerede( France),  17.IX.1999, Florentleg. ;  2♂♂, 1♀ Vallicelli de Monzuno, Bolo- gna( Italy),  13. VII. 1996,  R. Macià & J. Yllaleg. ;  2♂♂ Valdieri, Cuneo( Italy)   1400 m.   21. VII.2005, Bonoraleg. ;  1♂ Braftschaft, Bentheim( Germany),  27.VII.1994, Florentleg. ;  2♂♂ Doksy, Bohemia( Czech Republic),  266 m,  10.VII.1998, R. Maciàcol.;  1♂, 1♀ Seoane, Folgoso do Courel( Lugo)  640 m,  1-IX-2007, E. Fernández-Vidalleg.;  1♀ Moreda, Folgoso do Courel( Lugo)  640 m,  12-VIII-2006, E. Fernández-Vidalleg.;  2♂♂ Fraga de Cecebre, Cambre( A Coruña)  45 m,  21-VIII-2004, E. Fernández-Vidalleg.;  1♂ Torre de Hércules( A Coruña)  48 m,  24-VII- 2002, E. Fernández-Vidalleg.;  2♂♂ 1♀ Torre de Hércules( A Coruña)  48 m,  11-VIII-2002, E. Fernandez-Vidalleg.;  2♀♀ Ontígola( Toledo),  590 m,  29.IX.2017, A. Expósitoleg.;  1♂ El Robledal, Amavida( Ávila),  1450 m,  14-IX- 2004, R. Macià & J. Yllaleg. The subspecies  Coscinia c. benderi, C. c. ibicencaand C. c. rippertiiare discussed separately below, and the studied material of these taxa is mentioned there.   Diagnosis.Female genitalia with a V-shaped longitudinal notch in the posterior edge of the ductus bursae sclerotisation, near the contact area with the sterigma; notch absent in all other  Cosciniaspecies.   Description. Imago ( Figs 1–2).Average wingspan 38.13 mm(n=15; 36–40 mm).  Genitalia ( Figs 29).As for the genus, female genitalia with the corpus bursae divided symmetrically by the strongly sclerotized spinose band, with a weakly sclerotized ductus seminalis, and with a V-shaped longitudinal notch in the posterior edge of the ductus bursae sclerotisation.  Immature stages ( Fig. 45).The last instar larva measures 20–24 mm. Dorsal area dark with a longitudinal white dorsal line that may extend slightly to the sides; lateral and ventral sides reddish brown to yellowish brown; verruca D1, D2, SD1 dark brown, L1, L2, L3 light brown. Head capsule and thoracic legs dark brown; abdominal prolegs with 15 to 17 longer nails. Pupa of both sexes light brown and straight; tips of the antennae and pterothecae in contact with each other.  Molecular data.Intraspecific COI p-distances range from 0% to 7.99%, with an average of 4.09% ( Tab. 3). The genetic concept of  C. cribrariacurrently comprises six different BINs (black vertical bars on the right side of Fig. 62): AAT9511 with 14 specimens, ACM5829 with two specimens, ABZ5211 with 12 specimens, AAD9041 with 13 specimens, AAD9042 with 28 specimens, and ACE7017 with seven specimens. BIN ACE7017 is nested within AAD9042. None of the three subspecies of  C. cribrariaconsidered in this study have a unique BIN: C. c. benderiis part of AAD9042, and C. c. ibicencaand C. c. rippertiishare the BIN AAT9511 together with two specimens from the French Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azurwhich could not be investigated morphologically. Three cases of sympatric occurrence of specimens assigned to different BINs are found in our dataset: two of the six specimens collected at Umhausen ( Tyrol, Austria) are part of BIN AAD9042, while the other four specimens are part of BIN ABZ5211; two of the three specimens from Kleiner Priol (South Tyrol, Italy) are in BIN ABZ5211, and the third is in BIN AAD9042; one of the two specimens from Cambre (A Coruña, Spain) is in BIN AAD9042, the other one in BIN ACM8529. These cases might be indications of ancient introgression. In wingless sequences,  C. cribrariadiffers by a maximum of 2 nucleotides (0.6% p-distance) from the other  Cosciniataxa investigated for this marker, i.e. C. c. rippertii, C. c. ibicenca, C. c. benderiand  C. chrysocephala.  Cosciniadiffers clearly in wingless from the investigated species in other genera, with a difference of 2.69% p-distance from  Sagarriella romei, 2.69–3.28% from  Spiris striataand 2.69–2.99% from  S. bipunctata( Tab. 3).   Coscinia cribrariais strongly supported in the Bayesian inference phylogram (1.00 PP) and moderately supported in the ML phylogram (82% BS). The species forms a weakly supported group (0.92 PP, 54% BS) with  C. chrysocephala.   Biology.Univoltine in northern areas and colder localities, with a single generation from June to September, bivoltine in the southernmost warmer, Mediterranean regions, the first generation flying from March to May, the second generation from June to October. Both sexes are nocturnal and are attracted to artificial light. The larvae are polyphagous on various grasses, herbaceous plants and shrubs including  Calluna,  Erica,  Genista,  Rubus,  Plantago,  Taraxacumand  Cistus( Ylla et al.2010).   Distribution ( Fig. 51).Trans-Palaearctic, present in most of Europe. The species is found in virtually every typeof biotope, at altitudes from 0 to 2,500 mand higher. Outside Europe it is distributed through the forest steppe belt of western Kazakhstanand the steppes of Russia, Chinese Turkestan, northern Mongolia, Yakutia and northeast China( Ylla et al.2010; Witt & Ronkay 2011).   Remarks.  Coscinia cribrariais a polytypic species ( sensu Mayr, 1942) with a large morphological variability within its wide geographic distribution, which has resulted in the description of numerous subspecies, races and individual forms. We find this morphological diversity reflected in the COI genetic data, resulting in the recognition of six different DNA Barcode BINs in BOLD. A comprehensive in-depth study of the conglomerate of forms and races of this polytypic species is pending. 2265605504 [366,1388,1974,2001] 2004-05-31 R. Macia & J. Ylla 215 7 409 Villanueva de Sigena Huesca 7 408 30TYM42 1 1 2265605529 2006-05-27 R. Macia & J. Ylla 215 7 409 Villanueva de Sigena Huesca 7 408 30TYM42 1 1 2382464044 2010-08-20 R. Macia 215 8 409 Villanueva de Sigena Huesca 7 408 30TYM42 1 1 2265605488 2010-08-20 R. Macia 215 8 409 Villanueva de Sigena Huesca 7 408 30TYM42 1 1 2382464043 2013-08-21 TDG R. Macia Barcelona 936 8 409 Coll d'Heures Collsuspina 8 408 TDG32 1 1 2265605532 2013-08-21 TDG R. Macia Barcelona 936 8 409 Coll d'Heures Collsuspina 8 408 TDG32 1 1 2382464052 2015-10-10 SWG R. Macia Grenada 727 8 409 Barranco de Mazarra Baza 8 408 SWG25 1 1 2265605447 2015-10-10 SWG R. Macia Grenada 727 8 409 Barranco de Mazarra Baza 8 408 SWG25 1 1 2382464048 [311,1431,224,252] 2015-10-12 SXJ R. Macia & J. Ylla Valencia 758 8 409 Serra d'Enguera Enguera 8 408 SXJ81 1 1 2265605477 [326,1431,224,252] 2015-10-12 SXJ R. Macia & J. Ylla Valencia 758 8 409 Serra d'Enguera Enguera 8 408 SXJ81 1 1 2382464049 2017-07-14 TVN El Cerro & R. Macia 939 8 409 Gredilla la Polera Burgos 8 408 TVN40 2 2 2265605471 [151,1202,261,287] 2017-07-14 TVN El Cerro & R. Macia 939 8 409 Gredilla la Polera Burgos 8 408 TVN40 2 2 2382464046 2009-07-30 R. Macia Cuenca 1510 8 409 Herreria de los Chorros Tragacete 8 408 1 1 2265605442 2009-07-30 R. Macia Cuenca 1510 8 409 Herreria de los Chorros Tragacete 8 408 1 1 2382464037 2006-07-20 R. Macia & J. Ylla Girona 1500 8 409 Font Home Mort Queralbs 8 408 1 1 2265605475 2006-07-20 R. Macia & J. Ylla Girona 1500 8 409 Font Home Mort Queralbs 8 408 1 1 2382464050 2001-06-23 Sierra de la Culebra & R. Macia & J. Ylla 8 409 Ferreres Zamora 8 408 1 1 2265605568 2001-06-23 Sierra de la Culebra & R. Macia & J. Ylla 8 409 Ferreres Zamora 8 408 1 1 2382464041 [251,1311,368,395] 2010-08-20 R. Macia & J. Ylla 215 8 409 Villanueva de Sigena Huesca 8 408 30TYM42 1 1 2265605556 [263,1311,368,395] 2010-08-20 R. Macia & J. Ylla 215 8 409 Villanueva de Sigena Huesca 8 408 30TYM42 1 1 2382464035 1994-09-12 R. Macia 8 409 Sant Joan Abadesses Girona 8 408 2 2 2265605487 1994-09-12 R. Macia 8 409 Sant Joan Abadesses Girona 8 408 2 2 2382464040 [736,1431,405,432] 2002-09-29 R. Macia & J. Ylla 8 409 Tabernas Almeria 8 408 1 1 2265605478 [749,1431,405,432] 2002-09-29 R. Macia & J. Ylla 8 409 Tabernas Almeria 8 408 1 1 2382464042 2016-08-30 J. Gaston Grenada 8 409 Barranco del Tejo Guejar Sierra 8 408 2 2 2265605506 [151,1039,441,468] 2016-08-30 J. Gaston Grenada 8 409 Barranco del Tejo Guejar Sierra 8 408 2 2 2382464034 2014-08-22 J. Gaston Grenada 1850 8 409 Pena del Perro Sierra Nevada 8 408 1 1 2265605457 2014-08-22 J. Gaston Grenada 1850 8 409 Pena del Perro Sierra Nevada 8 408 1 1 2382464038 2004-07-05 R. Macia & J. Ylla France 1392 8 409 Col d'Ornon Isere 8 408 1 1 2265605461 2004-07-05 R. Macia & J. Ylla France 1392 8 409 Col d'Ornon Isere 8 408 1 1 2382464051 [308,976,513,539] 1999-09-17 Florent France 8 409 Bio Lascerede 8 408 2 1 1 2265605483 [322,976,513,539] 1999-09-17 Florent France 8 409 Bio Lascerede 8 408 2 1 1 2382464047 1996-07-13 R. Macia & J. Ylla Italy 8 409 Vallicelli de Monzuno Bolo- gna 8 408 3 1 2 2265605536 1996-07-13 R. Macia & J. Ylla Italy 8 409 Vallicelli de Monzuno Bolo- gna 8 408 3 1 2 2382464039 [704,1431,548,576] 2005-07-21 Bonora Italy 8 409 Valdieri Cuneo 8 408 1402 1402 2265605445 [717,1431,548,576] 2005-07-21 Bonora Italy 8 409 Valdieri Cuneo 8 408 1402 1402 2382464033 1994-07-27 Florent Germany 8 409 Braftschaft Bentheim 8 408 1 1 2265605513 [151,873,585,611] 1994-07-27 Florent Germany 8 409 Braftschaft Bentheim 8 408 1 1 2382464045 1998-07-10 R. Macia Czech Republic 266 8 409 Doksy Doksy 8 408 2 2 2265605492 1998-07-10 R. Macia Czech Republic 266 8 409 Doksy Doksy 8 408 2 2 2265605496 [466,1432,621,647] 2007-09-01 E. Fernandez-Vidal Lugo 640 8 409 Seoane Folgoso do Courel 8 408 2 1 1 2265605548 [151,1146,657,683] 2006-08-12 E. Fernandez-Vidal Lugo 640 8 409 Moreda Folgoso do Courel 8 408 1 1 2265605468 2004-08-21 A Coruna & E. Fernandez-Vidal 45 8 409 Fraga de Cecebre Cambre 8 408 2 2 2265605489 2002-07-24 A Coruna & E. Fernandez-Vidal 48 8 409 Torre de Hercules Torre de Hercules 8 408 1 1 2265605481 [497,1431,729,755] 2002-08-11 A Coruna & E. Fernandez-Vidal 48 8 409 Torre de Hercules 8 408 3 1 2 2265605500 [151,848,764,792] 2017-09-29 A. Exposito 590 8 409 Ontigola Toledo 8 408 2 2 2265605514 2004-09-14 El Robledal & R. Macia & J. Ylla 1450 8 409 Amavida Avila 8 408 1 1