Solariola vitalei : Osella et al. , 2004 S. vitalei Solariola pesarinii : Baviera, 2015 A taxonomic monograph of the genus Solariola Flach, 1908 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Entiminae) Bello’, Cesare Osella, Giuseppe Baviera, Cosimo Zootaxa 2019 2019-09-30 4676 1 1 261 8KFLG Baviera, 2015 : Baviera 2015 [151,554,1197,1224] Insecta Curculionidae Solariola Animalia Coleoptera 178 179 Arthropoda species pesarinii  ( Figs 33, 33a, 33b, 33c, 33d, 33e, 46d, 79, 79’, 122, 165, 208)    Solariola vitalei: Osella et al., 2004(fauna): 107 (not  S. vitalei).  Solariola pesarinii: Baviera, 2015(revision): 401, 405, 417– 419, 426–428; Morrone & Hlaváč, 2017(checklist): 50; Pierotti, 2017a(catalogue): 344.   Type locality.  Sicily, Messina, Montalbano Elicona, Peloritani Mountains, Malabotta Forest,  1300m( Fig. 259).   Diagnosis.A small to medium size  Solariola(TL: 2.7 8– 3.20 mm; BL: 2.25–2.60 mm) belonging to the  paganettiigroup with slender body shape. Within the species group, it is recognisable by red– brownish cuticle, elytral surface with deep and dense punctures, and elongate rostrum. Rostrum slender (RL: 0.40–0.50 mm, RW: 0.25–0.30 mm, RL/RW: 1.60–1.67). Mesorostrum carinae slightly divergent to sides. Forehead convex (FW/MW: 2.00–2.00). Submentum and laterally mesorostrum with a few, short, whitish-yellowish pappolepida. Antennae long and thin (SL: 0.50–0.55 mm, FL: 0.67–0.70 mm, SL/FL: 0.75–0.78). Pronotum longer than wide (PL: 0.60–0.70 mm, PW: 0.55–0.65 mm, PL/PW: 1.08–1.09) without echinopappolepida at base. Elongate, oblong or sub-parallel elytra, dorsally vaulted (EL: 1.65–1.90 mm, EW: 0.82–0.92 mm, EL/EW: 2.00–2.06) with thin and elongate setae raised.   Material examined.  Holotypemale with following labels: [genitalia in glue] [white label] / ♂[w, p] / Si- cilia, Messina, Monti Peloritani, Montalbano Elicona, Bosco di Malabotta 1200–1300 ms.l.m. 24.IV.2006vaglio sub  Fagus, C. BavieraLeg. [w, p] /  Solariola pesariniiBaviera, 2013 HOLOTYPUS[r, p] /  Solariola pesariniiBaviera, 20153 Holotype, det. Bellò, Osella &  Baviera, 2018[r, p] / esemplare fotografato by Francesco Sacco [y, p] ( MCIZ).    Paratypes. 63 specimens(males and females) with following labels: Sicilia, Messina, Monti Peloritani, Montalbano Elicona, Bosco di Malabotta  1200–1300 ms.l.m.  24.IV.2006, vaglio Leg. BavieraC.; same data,  12.XI.2005; same data,  02.X.2007; same locality,  27.IV.1982, M2 Leg. Osella G.; same locality,  24.V.1984, Leg. Sabella G.; Sicilia Malabotta M4a,  20.VII.1982, Leg. Brandmayr; Malabottaceppaio,  24.V.1984, Leg. Sabella; Malabotta,  22.XI.1982, Leg. Sabella; Sicilia Bosco di Malabotta,  10.VIII.1992 Leg. Sabella; Sicilia Montalbano Elicona Bosco di Malabotta,  6.VI.1990, Leg. Sabella; Sicilia, Bosco di Malabotta,  8–IV–2013, 1260 m, Leg. Paladini; Sicilia, Bosco di Malabotta,  8–IV– 2013, 1260 m, Leg. Colacurcio; ( APA, CBA, CBE, ECO, GOS, LCO, LDI, LFO, MSNG, MSNM, MZUF). Allwith label:  Solariola pesariniiBaviera, 2013 PARATYPUS[r, p].   FIGURES 33–33e.  Solariola pesariniiBaviera, 2015holotype ♂ from “Bosco di Malabotta”: 33—habitus dorsal view (scale bar: 1 mm); 33a—habitus, lateral view; 33b—rostrum, lateral view; 33c—base of the elytra; 33d—elytral declivity; 33e—de-tails rostrum, pronotum, funicle and club.  FIGURE 33. (Continued)  FIGURE 33. (Continued)  Others specimens examined( 8 malesand females) with the following labels:  Sicilia(Peloritani), ME, bosco Malabotta,  1250m, leg. Focarile/ vagliatura di  Quercus cerris, 1ex, ( TMLF);  Sicilia, Malabotta, M4a,  20. VII. 90, Brandmayr, 1 ex.( GOS);  Sicilia, Messina, Francavilla, Malabotta,  8. III. 2016, Colacurcio, 6 exx. ( CBE, LDI).   Holotyperedescription.Male. See Figs 33, 33a, 33b, 33c, 33d, 33e. Elongate body (T L: 2.80 mm, BL: 2.30 mm). Red-brownish cuticle. Rostrum slender and elongate (RL: 0.45 mm, RW: 0.27 mm, RL/RW: 1.67), conical to sides with pterygium expanded. Epistome absent. Mesorostrum carinae divergent to sides. Submentum with short, whitish-yellowish pappolepida, also partially visible around mesorostrum. Interocular pit visible. Forehead convex (FW/MW: 2.00). Vestigial eyes convex, visible. Antennae thin and elongate (SL: 0.55 mm, FL: 0.70 mm, SL/FL: 0.78); ASratio: 6.6.3.3.3.3.3.12. Scape clubbed, slightly more robust than funicle, curved at proximal third and progressively thickening towards apex. Funicle long and thin; all segments with elongate and thin setae. Club three-segmented, oval–elongate, less than twice long its width, densely covered by thin setae. Pronotum longer than wide (PL: 0.65 mm, PW: 0.60 mm, PL/PW: 1.08), wider at middle and without echinopappolepida at base. Scutellum visible. Elytra elongate, oblong to sides, dorsally vaulted (EL: 1.70 mm, EW: 0.85 mm, EL/EW: 2.00), wider at middle with convex suture. Humeri rounded. Striae with 15–16 punctures, catenulate, deep. Interstriae a little convex with thin and elongate setae raised. Elytral declivity> 60 degrees. Legs short and robust with clubbed femora. Protibia with seven acute spines on inner edge and an evident mucro on inner apical angle. Protibia sinuous on inner edge and slightly curved in side view. Metatibia and mesotibia straight in side view. All tibia with noticeable apical comb. Tarsal segment 1 short, conical; segment 2 short and transverse; segment 3 very bilobed; all segments with thin golden setae. Onychium curved, robust and short with one short claw.  Male genitalia.See Figs: dorsal shape aedeagus Fig. 79; apex of penis Fig. 79’; IX sternite Fig. 122.  Female genitalia.See Figs: spermatheca Fig. 165; VIII sternite Fig. 208.  Sexual dimorphism.Males can usually be recognized by their smaller size, slender appearance, more rounded humeri, legs stronger with a more noticeable apical mucro, and ventrites 1 and 2 slightly hollowed.   Paratypesvariability. Paratypes, sexual dimorphism excluded, are similar to the holotypebut differs in size.   Distribution.See Figs. 223, 223a. Sicilian endemic. Known from Peloritani Mounts, mainly Malabotta Forest at 1000–1300 meters of elevation.   Ecology and Phenology. Osella et al.(2004, sub  S. vitalei) consider this species a typical humid and sub-humid Mediterranean forest dweller, thus a relict species related to paleoclimate characteristic of the tertiary Mediterranean forests. Adults of  S. pesariniihave been sifted from the soil or, in number, hand collected under stones in April, of an old  Quercusforest growing on a moist limestonesoil.  Main soil   type. Dystrict Cambisol( European Soil Data Centre; Panagos et al. 2012).  Reproduction.Amphigonic.  Associated species.Sympatric with  Pseudomeira erinacea Bellò & Baviera (2011)and  Simo grandis(Desbrochers, 1888). 2423595976 [316,1397,1401,1429] Messina 1300 Peloritani Mountains Montalbano Elicona 178 179 1 Sicilia 2423595969 1982-04-27 2013-04-08 1982-04-27 APA, CBA, CBE, ECO, GOS, LCO, LDI, LFO, MSNG, MSNM, MZUF di Malabotta & Leg. & Leg. Osella G. & Leg. Sabella G. & Malabotta M & Leg. Brandmayr & Malabotta & Leg. Sabella & Leg. Paladini & Leg. Colacurcio & All Messina 1250 182 183 Montalbano Elicona Monti Peloritani 178 179 63 Sicilia paratype 2423595953 TMLF Focarile 1250 Malabotta 182 183 1 Sicilia 2423595990 1990-07-20 GOS Malabotta, M & Brandmayr Sicilia 182 183 1 Sicilia 2423595995 [441,1391,369,395] 2016-03-08 CBE, LDI Colacurcio Messina Malabotta Francavilla 182 183 1 Sicilia 2423596090 [313,1142,1521,1547] European Soil Data Dystrict Cambisol 182 183 1 Centre holotype