Xylocopa wilmattae Cockerell, 1912: 555
Revision of carpenter bees of the subgenus Neoxylocopa Michener (Hymenoptera: Apidae) from Mexico and Mesoamerica
Mérida-Rivas, Jorge A.
Hinojosa-Díaz, Ismael A.
Ayala-Barajas, Ricardo
Pozo, Carmen
Vandame, Rémy
Zootaxa
2022
2022-06-27
5158
1
1
67
7FYMF
Cockerell, 1912
Cockerell
1912
[151,773,1626,1653]
Insecta
Apidae
Xylocopa
Animalia
Hymenoptera
54
55
Arthropoda
species
wilmattae
Neoxylocopa
( Figs. 94–101, 129–131, 140)
Xylocopa wilmattae Cockerell, 1912: 555. Holotype: American Museun of Natural History, New York, USA ( ♀). Type locality: Guatemala, Guatemala City.
Diagnosis. Body length, female, 27.02 mm(25.06–28.72; n=5); male, 25.00 mm (23.90–26.32; n=5). Female: Head without elevated ridges or prominences on frons; ocelli below tangent of the eyes; area between parapsidal line and mesoscutal disca area with sparse punctures (separated by two or more times their diameter); wings dark brown with dark blue iridescence from base to middle part, papillate region bright green with blue iridescence ( Fig. 96); pubescence evenly black; integument of terga evenly black; T1 to T5 with sparsely punctures on disc (punctures separated by three or four puncture diameters); T1 and T2 with punctures slightly smaller than on the other terga; length of hairs on terga respect MOD, T2 0.25–0.50, T3 0.38–0.84, T4 0.64–1.17, T5 1.09–1.69. Male: Apical margin of T1 to T5 with integumental black bands; metasoma with yellowish-orange pubescence; hind tibia internal distal extreme with a laminar subapical projection, curved distally and continuing on posterior margin like a strong laminar edge, well-defined throughout the posterior margin of the tibia ( Fig. 101); length of hairs on terga respect MOD, T2 0.43–1.51, T3 0.64–1.12, T4 0.75–1.31, T5 1.08–1.73; Tip of the lateral process of gonostylus ending on an oval shape as broad as shaft of the process.
Description. Female: Integument and pubescence black; wings with dark blue iridescence from the base to the middle part; papillate region with green and bright blue iridescence ( Fig. 96); venation dark. Body length 27.02 mm(25.06–28.72; n=5); length of forewing 23.36 mm(22.69–24.29; n=5); head length 6.40 mm(6.20–6.60; n=5); intertegular distance 8.24 mm(7.75–8.65; n=5); width of T2 12.43 mm(11.97–12.81; n=5). Head: Clypeus: inferior margin without punctures, with two depressions, with a narrow middle longitudinal line, slightly wider on the disc; superior lateral area with dense punctures; inferolateral areas with more scattered punctures. Genal area, densely punctate on lower area; middle and superior area with punctures separated by two to four times their diameter. Vertex dense punctate; pits on area sublateral to the posterior ocelli of half the diameter of the ocelli. Mesosoma: Betweenthe parapsidal line and discal area with sparse punctures, separated by two or more times their diameter. Hind tibia, basitibial plate with two asymetrical dentiform projections ( Fig. 97), with a small notch between them, the anterior projection slightly sharper and narrower than the posterior projection, scutellum convex in profile. Metasoma: Terga densely punctate; T1 to T5 with dense punctures on discal area, separated by three or four times their diameter; T1 and T2 with punctures slightly smaller than on the other terga; T6 with dense appressed punctures. Length of hairs on terga respect MOD as follows: T2 0.25–0.50, T3 0.38–0.84, T4 0.64–1.17, T5 1.09–1.69. Male: Integument and pubescence of head and mesosoma yellowish or orange. Body length 25.00 mm (23.90–26.32; n=5); length of forewing 20.82 mm(19.44–22.16; n=5); head length 4.85 mm(4.49–5.07; n=5); intertegular distance 7.97 mm(7.50–8.29; n=5); width of T2 12.43 mm(11.97–12.81; n=5). Head: Labrum with submarginal anterior margin unpunctate; upper margin densely punctate. Clypeus with a dark brown middle longitudinal line, becoming broader on discal area ( Fig. 98), and a broad line without punctures toward the upper area; discal area with scattered punctures; lateral and inferolateral extremes with dense punctures, separated by approximately three times their diameter. Lateral ocelli located on the level of upper margin of eyes; pits on sublateral region of posterior ocelli, half the diameter of the ocelli. Vertex with an unpuctate area on the middle region, rest of vertex with densely punctate. Mesosoma: Betweenthe parapsidal line and mesoscutum with dense punctures, separated by 1 time or less their diameter. Wings light brown or orange; venation reddish brown. Posterior tibia with strong external tibial spur; internal distal extreme with a laminar subapical projection, with curved distal extreme that continues by the posterior margin like a strong laminar (carinated) edge, well-defined throughout the posterior margin of the tibia; internal surface with long pubescence toward the base; anterior margin with long hairs, very dense and short toward the apical region; internal posterior margin with principally short pubescence ( Fig. 101). Metasoma: Terga with dense uniform punctures; discal area, punctures separated by one and a half to two times their diameter; apical margin of T1 to T5 with black bands. T1 with dense, long, plumose hairs, T2 to T5 mainly with simple hairs, some plumose hairs on submarginal areas, T6 and T7 with dense, long, simple and plumose hairs. Length of hairs on terga respect MOD as follows: T2 0.43–1.51, T3 0.64–1.12, T4 0.75–1.31, T5 1.08–1.73. Genitalia: Distal angle of the ventral section of the gonostylus, obtuse ( Fig. 131); basal angle at the base of lateral process of the gonostylus, obtuse, barely noticeable ( Fig. 130); tip of the lateral process ending on an oval as broad as shaft of the process ( Fig. 130). FIGURES 98–101.Male of X.( N.) wilmattae. 98. Frontal view; 99. Lateral habitus; 100. Dorsal habitus; 101. Hind tibia. Variation. Some females may present wings more bluish, or bluish with the papillate region with greenish iridescence.
Distribution( Fig. 140). Present in Honduras, Guatemala, and Mexico, in the following ecoregions ( Dinerstein et al. 2017): Pine-oak forests of the Central America, Dry forests of the Central Depression of Chiapas, and Humid forests of the Sierra Madre of Chiapas. Broad altitudinal distribution: 315 to 2512 masl.
Material examined. 34 ♀ 9 ♂. GUATEMALA: Escuintla: San Vicente Pacaya: Palin, sendero principal Volcán de Pacaya, 14.4121, -90.6054; 1917 m, 28-XI-2012, 1 ♀( CANG). Villa Nueva: San José Villanueva, 14.5455, -90.60335; 1472 m, 1-IX-2012, M. Vásquez 1 ♂( CANG). Chimaltenango: Patzun: Cerro Balam Juyu, 14.50885, -91.006116; 2551 m, 5-VII-2012, G. Armas, 1 ♀( CANG). Chiquimula: Esquipulas: El Refugio, 14.51179, - 89.37375; 1601 m, 2-VII-2003, E. Enriquez, 1 ♀( CANG). Huehuetenango: Jacaltenango: Hotel Jacal, 15.6683, -91.7078; 1425 m, 18-II-2010, J. Mérida, 1 ♀. Sololá: Panajachel: 14.73604, -91.14947; 1587 m, 2-XI-1970, J. Johnson, 2 ♀ 4 ♂( BBSL). HONDURAS: Francisco Morazán: Escuela Agrícola, 14.0078, -87.0096, 800 m, - VII- 1966, J. S. Packer, 1 ♂( BBSL). MEXICO: Chiapas, Acacoyagua: 15.45579, -92.63989; 1113 m, 15.XII-2014, J. López, 1 ♀( ECOAB); Rosario Zacatonales, 15.43365, -92.65051; 915 m, 28-V-2005, R. Ayala, 1 ♀; 29-V-2005, M. Guzmán, 2 ♀; 15-VI-2007, M. Guzmán, 2 ♀( ECOAB). Bella Vista: Carreteraa Bella Vista, 15.6071, -92.21429; 1827 m, 18-II-2012, J. Mérida, 1 ♀( ECOAB). Mapastepec: La Palma, 15.53032, -92.80199; 498 m, 31-V-2005, M. Guzmán, 1 ♀; 6-VII-2014, M. Duennes, 1 ♀( ECOAB). Reserva— Zona Núcleo, 15.65680, -92.80894; 1984 m, 13-V-2005, C. Balboa, 1 ♀( ECOAB). Unión Los Olivos-orilladel río, 15.5219, -92.79967; 315 m, 26-V-2005, M. Guzmán, 1 ♀( ECOAB). Motozintla: Carreteraa El Porvenir, 15.37550, -92.3379; 2179 m, 13-XII-2011, J. Mérida, 1 ♀; E. Pineda, 1 ♀( ECOAB). Carretera Motozintla-Niquivil, 15.33701, -92.22378; 2230 m, 18-II-2014, P. Sagot, 3 ♀( ECOAB). Llano Grande, Carreteraa Motozintla, 15.394532, -92.33005; 2512 m, 1-III-2016, P. Sagot, 1 ♀( ECOAB). Siltepec: Carreteraa Cumbre Ventanas, 15.52009, -92.29890; 1896 m, 14-XII-2011, J. Mérida, 1 ♀( ECOAB). Tapachula: Camino Pavencul, 15.2028, -92.1974; 1852 m, 17-XII-2009, J. Mérida, 1 ♂( ECOAB). Tonalá: Ejido Sierra Morena, 16.15319, -93.60569; 1282 m, 4-XII-2011, J. Mérida, 1 ♀( ECOAB). Unión Juárez: Chiquihuites, 15.09296, -92.09861; 1984 m, 17-II-2014, P. Sagot, 2 ♀( ECOAB). Talquián, 15.0847, -92.0836; 18- XI-1986, L. Godínez, 1 ♀; 1-IV-1992, M. Medina, 1 ♀( ECOAB). Unión Juárez, 15.0618, -92.08; 1310 m, 25-XI- 1986, 2 ♂; 18-II-1987, F. Pérez, 3 ♀; 10-IV-1987, F. Pérez, 1 ♀; 5-IX-1989, A. Aquino, 1 ♂; 21-XI-1990, F. Pérez, 1 ♀; 27-XI-1990, J. Sibaja, 1 ♀( ECOAB). Commentaries. The typespecimen described by Cockerell as X. wilmattae( AMNH_IZC 00323995) was reviewed but lacked antennae and the final tarsi and claws of the middle and posterior legs. Xylocopa wilmattaeis the largest species with convex scutellum, and thus may be confused with species of the frontalisgroup, but may easily be distinguished by the absence of frontal projections. Males in this species do not present a prominent curved subapical projection on the internal distal extreme of the posterior tibia, and it is the only species with thick external tibial spurs on the middle and posterior tibias.
3861803362
[359,574,1731,1755]
Guatemala
American Museun of Natural History
54
55
1
1
Guatemala
holotype
3861804010
2012-11-28
San Vicente Pacaya & Palin
Guatemala
1917
14.4121
Volcan de Pacaya
7
-90.6054
57
58
43
34
9
Escuintla
3861804164
2012-09-01
CANG
Villa Nueva & San Jose Villanueva
Guatemala
1472
14.5455
5
-90.60335
57
58
1
1
Escuintla
3861803552
2012-07-05
CANG
Patzun
Guatemala
2551
14.50885
Cerro Balam Juyu
1
-91.00612
57
58
1
1
Chimaltenango
3861803584
2003-07-02
CANG
Esquipulas & El Refugio
Guatemala
1601
14.51179
Chiquimula
1
-89.37375
57
58
1
1
Chiquimula
3861804194
2010-02-18
CANG
Jacaltenango
Guatemala
1425
15.6683
Hotel Jacal
7
-91.7078
57
58
1
1
Huehuetenango
3861804397
[630,1405,329,357]
1970-11-02
Panajachel
Guatemala
1587
14.73604
Solola
1
-91.14947
57
58
1
1
Solola
3861804565
1966-07
BBSL
Honduras
800
14.0078
Escuela Agricola
7
-87.0096
57
58
6
2
4
Francisco Morazan
3861803508
[364,1407,402,429]
2014-12-15
BBSL
Mexico
1113
15.45579
Acacoyagua
1
-92.63989
57
58
1
1
Chiapas
3861804329
[234,1099,438,465]
2005-05-28
ECOAB
Rosario Zacatonales
Mexico
915
15.43365
1
-92.65051
57
58
1
1
Chiapas
3861804523
[1109,1206,438,465]
R
Mexico
Ayala
57
58
1
Chiapas
3861804286
2012-02-18
ECOAB
Bella Vista & Carretera
Mexico
1827
15.6071
Bella Vista
5
-92.21429
57
58
2
2
Chiapas
3861803898
[510,1432,510,537]
2005-05-31
ECOAB
Mapastepec & La Palma
Mexico
498
15.53032
1
-92.80199
57
58
1
1
Chiapas
3861804593
2005-05-13
ECOAB
Reserva & Zona Nucleo
Mexico
1984
15.6568
1
-92.80894
57
58
1
1
Chiapas
3861803492
[448,1432,582,609]
2005-05-26
ECOAB
Union Los Olivos-orilla
Mexico
315
15.5219
5
-92.79967
57
58
1
1
Chiapas
3861803460
[304,1404,618,645]
2011-12-13
ECOAB
Motozintla & Carretera & El Porvenir
Mexico
2179
15.3755
5
-92.3379
57
58
1
1
Chiapas
3861804492
[247,416,654,681]
Mexico
Pineda
57
58
1
1
Chiapas
3861803499
[428,1432,654,681]
2014-02-18
ECOAB
Carretera Motozintla-Niquivil
Mexico
2230
15.33701
1
-92.22378
57
58
1
1
Chiapas
3861803343
[253,1330,690,717]
2016-03-01
ECOAB
Llano Grande & Carretera
Mexico
2512
15.394532
Motozintla
1
-92.33005
57
58
3
3
Chiapas
3861803638
[151,1287,726,753]
2011-12-14
ECOAB
Siltepec & Carretera
Mexico
1896
15.52009
Cumbre Ventanas
1
-92.2989
57
58
1
1
Chiapas
3861803445
2009-12-17
ECOAB
Tapachula & Camino Pavencul
Mexico
1852
15.2028
7
-92.1974
57
58
1
1
Chiapas
3861803728
2011-12-04
ECOAB
Tonala & Ejido Sierra Morena
Mexico
1282
16.15319
1
-93.60569
57
58
1
1
Chiapas
3861803677
2014-02-17
ECOAB
Union Juarez & Chiquihuites
Mexico
1984
15.09296
1
-92.09861
57
58
1
1
Chiapas
3861804269
1986-11-18
ECOAB
Talquian
Mexico
15.0847
7
-92.0836
57
58
2
2
Chiapas
3861803377
1986-11-25
ECOAB
Union Juarez
Mexico
1310
57
58
1
1
Chiapas
3861803471
[463,629,942,969]
ECOAB
Mexico
57
58
1
1
Chiapas