Xyphinus gibber Deeleman-Reinhold, 1987

Kranz-Baltensperger, Yvonne, 2014, The goblin spider genus Xyphinus (Araneae; Oonopidae), Zootaxa 3870 (1), pp. 1-79 : 14-16

Xyphinus gibber Deeleman-Reinhold, 1987

( Figs 9–12 ; map 1 )

Type material. Male holotype and female paratype from INDONESIA: East Kalimantan, Sepaku, stand of rainforest, 40 km north of Balikpapan , 10.7.1979, leg. P. R . Deeleman , RMNH , not examined. 1 male & 2 female paratypes ( PBI _ OON 00031873 ), primary rain forest litter, 2.–5.VIII. 1980, leg. P. R . and C.L. Deeleman , RMNH . 1 male & 1 female paratypes ( PBI _ OON 00031877 ), same data as PBI_ OON 00031873 , RMNH . 1 male & 3 female paratypes ( PBI _ OON 00031878 ), ground, 15./ 16.VII.1979, leg. P. R . and C.L. Deeleman , RMNH .

Additional material examined. INDONESIA: East Kalimantan, 1 male & 1 female ( PBI _ OON 00031943 ), Tenggarong , leaf litter, 4.VIII.1980, leg. C.L. and P. R . Deeleman, RMNH . 1 female ( PBI _ OON 00031627 ), Prov., Sungai Wain Protection Forest , ca. 15 km N of Balikpapan S 1°08'36", E 116°50'59", 80m, secondary forest adjacent to primary forest, 5./ 7.X.2008, leg. P. Schwendinger, MHNG . Central Kalimantan, 1 female ( PBI _ OON 00031945 ), Kahantan , S 2°02', E 112°40', 2.–16.IX.1985, swampy primary forest, leg. S. Djojosudharmo, RMNH . 1 male & 1 female ( PBI _ OON 00031947 ), 40 km NW of Palangkaraya , sec. forest, IX. 1985, leg. S. Djojosudharmo, RMNH . 5 males & 6 females ( PBI _ OON 00031875 ), Tumbang Tahai , S 2°02', E 3°34', primary marshy forest, 2.–13.IX.1985, leg. S. Djojosudharmo, RMNH .

Diagnosis. X. gibber is similar to X. montanus and X. deelemanae sp. nov., but can be separated from them by the strongly bulging tip of the abdomen ( Figs 9C , 11C ). The male palpal bulb is strongly sclerotized and bears heavy apophyses ( Figs 9G–I , 10A–C ). The female epigastric area is strongly protruding and shows a sclerotized circle-shaped structure ( Figs 11F,G , 12A–D ).

Description. Male. Total length 2.25 mm. Carapace: Orange-brown, broadly oval in dorsal view, domed in lateral view, anteriorly narrowed to between 0.5 and 0.75 times its maximum width, with rounded posterolateral corners, posterolateral edge without pits, anterolateral corners with slightly sclerotized triangular projections, posterolateral surface without spikes, surface of elevated portion of pars cephalica and sides smooth, fovea present, lateral margin with blunt denticles ( Fig. 9A,C,D,E ). Clypeus: Margin unmodified, sinuous in frontal view, vertical in lateral view, high, ALE separated from edge of carapace by their radius or more ( Fig. 9D ). Eyes: PME largest, ALE and PLE circular, PME oval, posterior eye row recurved from above, procurved from front; ALE separated by their radius to diameter, ALE and PLE separated by less than ALE radius, PLE and PME separated by less than PME radius, PME touching ( Fig. 9A,D ). Sternum: Wider than long, sickle-shaped structures not touching, radial furrows opposite coxae III absent. Surface smooth. Anterior corner unmodified, but margin strongly sclerotized ( Fig. 9B ). Mouthparts: Chelicerae slightly divergent, with swelling on anterior face, setae evenly scattered ( Fig. 9D ). Labium rectangular, indented at middle, with 3-5 setae on anterior margin. Endites laterally with sclerotized extension ( Fig. 9A,B ). Abdomen: Anterior part pointing upwards, tip of abdomen almost reaching highest point of carapace ( Fig. 9C ). Book-lung covers elliptical, pedicel tube rather short, scuto-pedicel region with widely oval scutal ridge, with few small denticles with needle-like setae ( Fig. 9C,F ). Two sharply pointed denticles with long setae dorsally of the scutal ridge ( Fig. 9F ). Dorsal scutum orange-brown, surface smooth, anterior half with small, projecting denticles. Dorsal scutum embedding narrow tip of abdomen ( Fig. 9C,F ). Epigastric scutum slightly protruding. Postepigastric scutum with short posteriorly directed lateral apodemes ( Fig. 9B ). Posterior spiracles connected by groove. Legs: Tibia with three, metatarsi with one trichobothria each. Harpoon-like hairs covering the distal part of metatarsi III and IV. Genitalia: Sperm pore small, situated in front of anterior spiracles. Trochanter normal size, unmodified. Femur one to two times as long as trochanter, attaching to patella basally; patella about as long as femur. Tibia two times as long as patella, with three trichobothria. Cymbium dark red-brown, fused with bulb, no seam visible. Bulb brown, 1 to 1.5 times as long as cymbium, strong, with dark ventral plates, divided into distinct sclerotized or membranous lobes, one bifid, one directed upwards, ending pointed on prolateral side. Embolus not discernible ( Figs 9G–I ; 10A–C ).

Female. Total length 2.21 mm. Carapace: Slightly elevated in lateral view, with angular posterolateral corners ( Fig. 11A ). Clypeus straight in frontal view. Eyes: Posterior eye row straight from front. Mouthparts: Anterior face of chelicerae unmodified. Endites unmodified. Female palp spineless, femora with two spine-like hairs ventrally, tibia with three trichobothria and few spine-like hairs prolaterally ( Fig. 11E ). Abdomen: Epigastric scutum strongly protruding. Without posteriorly directed lateral apodemes ( Fig. 11C,F ). Genitalia: Epigastric region with a strongly sclerotized, protruding, roundish structure with longitudinal band, ending in a triangle. Dark, thin stripe shining through. On either side of the ring-shaped structure is a sclerotized arch visible ( Figs 11B,G ; 12A–D ).

Figures

MAP 1. Records of X. hystrix (triangles), X. abanghamidi (circles), X. gibber (squares) and X. lemniscatus (stars).

FIGURE 9. Xyphinus gibber male. A, habitus, dorsal view; B, habitus, ventral view, arrow indicates backwards folded ridge on endites; C, habitus, lateral view; D, carapace, anterior view; E, carapace, posterior view; F, abdomen, ventral view; G, left palp, prolateral view; H, same, ventral view; I, same retrolateral view. Scale bars A, B, C = 1 mm; D, E, F = 0.5 mm; G, H, I = 0.1 mm.

FIGURE 10. Xyphinus gibber male. A, left palp prolateral view; B, same, ventral view; C, same, retrolateral view. Scale bars A, B, C = 0.1 mm.

FIGURE 11. Xyphinus gibber female. A, habitus, dorsal view; B, habitus, ventral view; C, habitus, lateral view; D, carapace, anterior view; E, left palp, prolateral view; F, abdomen, lateral view; G, same, ventral view. Scale bars A, B, C, F, G = 1 mm; D = 0.5 mm; E = 0.1 mm.

FIGURE 12. Xyphinus gibber female. A, C, epigastric area, ventral view; B, D, same, dorsal view. Scale bars 0.1 mm.